Electrolyte and rechargeable lithium battery including same

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9871269-B2
Application number	US-201514605869-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Jan 26, 2015
Priority date	Feb 24, 2014
Publication date	Jan 16, 2018
Grant date	Jan 16, 2018

Abstract

Disclosed are an electrolyte for a rechargeable lithium battery including a lithium salt, a non-aqueous organic solvent, and an additive represented by the following Chemical Formula 1, and a rechargeable lithium battery including the same.

Definition of Chemical Formula 1 is the same as described in the detailed description.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. An electrolyte for a rechargeable lithium battery, comprising
a lithium salt,
a non-aqueous organic solvent, and
an additive represented by the following Chemical Formula 1:

wherein, R 1 to R 3 are the same or different, and are independently hydrogen, a substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C10 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C10 alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C3 to C20 cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C3 to C20 cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6 to C30 aryl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C2 to C30 heteroaryl group, and at least one of R 1 to R 3 is a substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C10 alkenyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C3 to C20 cycloalkenyl group,
wherein the additive represented by the above Chemical Formula 1 is included in an amount of about 0.01 wt % to about 3 wt % based on the total amount of the electrolyte for a rechargeable lithium battery,
wherein the electrolyte comprises fluoroethylene carbonate in an amount of about 0.1 wt % to about 10 wt % based on the total amount of the electrolyte for a rechargeable lithium battery, and
wherein the electrolyte comprises lithium tetrafluoro borate in an amount of about 0.01 wt % to about 2 wt % based on the total amount of the electrolyte for the rechargeable lithium battery.

2. The electrolyte for a rechargeable lithium battery of claim 1 , wherein, at least one of R 1 to R 3 is a substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C2 alkenyl group.

3. The electrolyte for a rechargeable lithium battery of claim 1 , wherein the lithium salt comprises LiPF 6 , LiBF 4 , LiSbF 6 , LiAsF 6 , LiC 4 F 9 SO 3 , LiClO 4 , LiAlO 2 , LiAlCl 4 , LiN(C x F 2x+1 SO 2 )(C y F 2y+1 SO 2 ), x and y are natural numbers, LiCl, LiI, or a combination thereof.

4. The electrolyte for a rechargeable lithium battery of claim 1 , wherein a concentration of the lithium salt is about 0.1 M to about 2.0 M.

5. The electrolyte for a rechargeable lithium battery of claim 1 , wherein the non-aqueous organic solvent comprises a carbonate-based, ester-based, ether-based, ketone-based, alcohol-based, aprotic solvent or a combination thereof.

6. A rechargeable lithium battery comprising:
a positive electrode,
a negative electrode and,
an electrolyte comprising:
a lithium salt,
a non-aqueous organic solvent, and
an additive represented by the following Chemical Formula 1:

wherein, R 1 to R 3 are the same or different, and are independently hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C10 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C10 alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C3 to C20 cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C3 to C20 cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6 to C30 aryl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C2 to C30 heteroaryl group, and at least one of R 1 to R 3 is a substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C10 alkenyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C3 to C20 cycloalkenyl group,
wherein the additive represented by the above Chemical Formula 1 is included in an amount of about 0.01 wt % to about 3 wt % based on the total amount of the electrolyte for a rechargeable lithium battery,
wherein the electrolyte comprises fluoroethylene carbonate in an amount of about 0.1 wt % to about 10 wt % based on the total amount of the electrolyte for a rechargeable lithium battery, and
wherein the electrolyte comprises lithium tetrafluoro borate in an amount of about 0.01 wt % to about 2 wt % based on the total amount of the electrolyte for the rechargeable lithium battery.

7. The rechargeable lithium battery of claim 6 , wherein, at least one of R 1 to R 3 is a substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C2 alkenyl group.

8. The rechargeable lithium battery of claim 6 , wherein the lithium salt comprises LiPF 6 , LiBF 4 , LiSbF 6 , LiAsF 6 , LiC 4 F 9 SO 3 , LiClO 4 , LiAlO 2 , LiAlCl 4 , LiN(C x F 2x+1 SO 2 )(C y F 2y+1 SO 2 ), x and y are natural numbers, LiCl, LiI, or a combination thereof.

9. The rechargeable lithium battery of claim 6 , wherein a concentration of the lithium salt is about 0.1 M to about 2.0 M.

10. The rechargeable lithium battery of claim 6 , wherein the non-aqueous organic solvent comprises ethylene carbonate, ethylmethyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, dipropyl carbonate, methylpropyl carbonate, ethylpropyl carbonate, propylene carbonate, butylene carbonate, or a combination thereof.

Assignees

• Samsung Sdi Co Ltd

Inventors

• Lee Min-Young
• Yang Ho-Seok
• Kim Yun-Hee
• Park Young Sam
• Lim Jin-Hyeok
• Hwang Hee-Yeon
• Kim Hyun-Woo
• Park Se-Jeong

Classifications

• H01M10/0567 Primary

  characterised by the additives · CPC title

• H01M10/0525

  Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries · CPC title

• H01M2300/0025

  Organic electrolyte · CPC title

• H01M10/0568

  characterised by the solutes · CPC title

• H01M10/0569

  characterised by the solvents · CPC title