Non-metal anode alkali and alkaline-earth ion batteries with hexacyanometallate cathode

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9847527-B2
Application number	US-201514699918-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Apr 29, 2015
Priority date	Mar 28, 2012
Publication date	Dec 19, 2017
Grant date	Dec 19, 2017

Abstract

A battery structure is provided for making alkali ion and alkaline-earth ion batteries. The battery has a hexacyanometallate cathode, a non-metal anode, and non-aqueous electrolyte. A method is provided for forming the hexacyanometallate battery cathode and non-metal battery anode prior to the battery assembly. The cathode includes hexacyanometallate particles overlying a current collector. The hexacyanometallate particles have the chemical formula A′ n′ A m M1 x M2 y (CN) 6 , and have a Prussian Blue hexacyanometallate crystal structure.

First claim

We claim:

1. A method for forming a non-metal battery anode, the method comprising:
providing a dried non-metal electrode powder;
mixing the dried non-metal electrode powder with a binder and an electronic conductor powder in a low boiling point solvent selected from a group consisting of amyl acetate, acetone, diethyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, and n-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP);
forming a paste;
coating a metal current collector with the paste, forming an anode;
drying the paste;
soaking the anode in a first organic electrolyte including a salt with metal ions;
accepting a first electric field in the electrolyte between the anode and a metal first counter electrode;
in response to the first electric field, forming a metal ion-containing solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer overlying the anode;
subsequent to forming the metal ion-containing SEI layer, accepting a second electric field, opposite in polarity to the first electric field between the anode and the first counter electrode; and,
removing metal ions from the anode while maintaining the metal ion-containing SEI layer intact.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein soaking the anode in the first organic electrolyte includes the metal ions being selected from a group consisting of Na, K, Mg, and Ca; and,
wherein accepting the first electric field includes accepting the electrolyte between the anode and a first counter electrode with the selected metal ions.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein forming the metal ion-containing SEI layer overlying the anode includes forming the metal ion-containing SEI layer with additional elements selected from a group consisting of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and combinations of the above-mentioned elements.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein soaking the anode in the first organic electrolyte includes soaking in a first organic electrolyte with A cations selected from a group consisting of Na, Ka, Mg, and Ca;
wherein accepting the first electric field includes accepting the first electric field between the anode and a metal first counter electrode additional with the selected A cations; and,
wherein forming the metal ion-containing SEI layer includes additionally forming the anode from a composite with the selected A cations.

5. A method for forming a non-metal battery anode, the method comprising:
providing a non-metal anode soaked in an organic electrolyte including a salt with metal ions;
accepting a first electric field in the electrolyte between the anode and a metal first counter electrode;
in response to the first electric field, forming a metal ion-containing solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer overlying the anode;
subsequent to forming the metal ion-containing SEI layer, accepting a second electric field, opposite in polarity to the first electric field between the anode and the first counter electrode; and,
removing metal ions from the anode while maintaining the metal ion-containing SEI layer intact.

6. The method of claim 5 wherein soaking the anode in the first organic electrolyte includes the metal ions being selected from a group consisting of Na, K, Mg, and Ca; and,
wherein accepting the first electric field includes accepting the electrolyte between the anode and a first counter electrode with the selected metal ions.

7. The method of claim 5 wherein forming the metal ion-containing SEI layer overlying the anode includes forming the metal ion-containing SEI layer with additional elements selected from a group consisting of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and combinations of the above-mentioned elements.

8. The method of claim 5 wherein soaking the anode in the first organic electrolyte includes soaking in a first organic electrolyte with A cations selected from a group consisting of Na, Ka, Mg, and Ca;
wherein accepting the first electric field includes accepting the first electric field between the anode and a metal first counter electrode additional with the selected A cations; and,
wherein forming the metal ion-containing SEI layer includes additionally forming the anode from a composite with the selected A cations.

Assignees

• Sharp Laboratories America Inc

Inventors

• Lu Yuhao
• Lee Jong-Jan
• Nishijima Motoaki
• Kakimoto Seizoh

Classifications

• H01M2004/028

  Positive electrodes · CPC title

• H01M4/58 Primary

  of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates · CPC title

• H01M4/587

  for inserting or intercalating light metals · CPC title

• H01M4/0438

  by electrochemical processing (electroless electrochemical plating C23C18/54) · CPC title

• H01M10/36

  Accumulators not provided for in groups H01M10/05-H01M10/34 · CPC title