Battery state of charge estimation based on reduced order electrochemical models

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9834112-B2
Application number	US-201615064650-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Mar 9, 2016
Priority date	Mar 9, 2016
Publication date	Dec 5, 2017
Grant date	Dec 5, 2017

Abstract

A vehicle may include a battery having positive and negative electrodes. The vehicle may also include a controller programmed to charge and discharge the battery according to a state of charge that is based on an effective surface lithium-ion concentration of one of the electrodes, and an effective surface lithium-ion concentration of the other of the electrodes derived from a center-to-surface lithium-ion concentration profile of the one of the electrodes. The effective surface lithium-ion concentration of the other of the electrodes may be derived via a relationship mapping the center-to-surface lithium-ion concentration profile of the one of the electrodes to the effective surface lithium-ion concentration of the other of the electrodes.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A vehicle comprising:
a battery including positive and negative electrodes; and
a controller programmed to charge and discharge the battery according to a state of charge that is based on an effective surface lithium-ion concentration of one of the electrodes, and an effective surface lithium-ion concentration of the other of the electrodes derived from a center-to-surface lithium-ion concentration profile of the one of the electrodes.

2. The vehicle of claim 1 , wherein the effective surface lithium-ion concentration of the other of the electrodes is derived via a relationship mapping the center-to-surface lithium-ion concentration profile of the one of the electrodes to the effective surface lithium-ion concentration of the other of the electrodes.

3. The vehicle of claim 2 , wherein the relationship is non-linear.

4. The vehicle of claim 1 , wherein the effective surface lithium-ion concentration of the one of the electrodes is based on a measured current input and measured voltage output of the battery.

5. A controller comprising:
input channels configured to receive current input and voltage output associated with a battery pack having two electrodes;
output channels configured to provide charge and discharge commands for the battery pack; and
control logic programmed to generate the commands according to a state of charge of the battery pack that is based on an effective surface lithium-ion concentration of one of the electrodes derived from the current input and voltage output, and an effective surface lithium-ion concentration of the other of the electrodes derived from a center-to-surface lithium-ion concentration profile of the one of the electrodes.

6. The controller of claim 5 , wherein the effective surface lithium-ion concentration of the other of the electrodes is derived via a relationship mapping the center-to-surface lithium-ion concentration profile of the one of the electrodes to the effective surface lithium-ion concentration of the other of the electrodes.

7. The controller of claim 6 , wherein the relationship is non-linear.

8. The controller of claim 5 , wherein the effective surface lithium-ion concentration of the one of the electrodes is based on a measured current input and measured voltage output of the battery pack.

9. A vehicle power system comprising:
a controller programmed to charge and discharge a battery according to a state of charge that is based on an effective surface lithium-ion concentration of an electrode of the battery derived from current input and voltage output associated with the battery, and an effective surface lithium-ion concentration of an other of the electrodes of the battery derived from a center-to-surface lithium-ion concentration profile of the electrode.

10. The vehicle power system of claim 9 , wherein the effective surface lithium-ion concentration of the other of the electrodes is derived via a relationship mapping the center-to-surface lithium-ion concentration profile of the electrode to the effective surface lithium-ion concentration of the other of the electrodes.

11. The vehicle power system of claim 10 , wherein the relationship is non-linear.

12. The vehicle power system of claim 9 , wherein the effective surface lithium-ion concentration of the electrode is based on a measured current input and measured voltage output of the battery.

Assignees

• Ford Global Tech Llc

Inventors

• Lee Tae-Kyung

Classifications

• H02J7/00

  Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries · CPC title

• G01R31/3842

  combining voltage and current measurements · CPC title

• H01M2220/20

  Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane · CPC title

• H01M10/44 Primary

  Methods for charging or discharging (circuits for charging H02J7/00) · CPC title

• H01M10/0525

  Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries · CPC title