Carbide-derived carbons having incorporated metal chloride or metallic nanoparticles

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9833765-B2
Application number	US-201615137338-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Apr 25, 2016
Priority date	Apr 24, 2015
Publication date	Dec 5, 2017
Grant date	Dec 5, 2017

Abstract

Carbide-derived carbons are provided that have high dynamic loading capacity for high vapor pressure gasses such as H 2 S, SO 2 , or NH 3 . The carbide-derived carbons can have a plurality of metal chloride or metallic nanoparticles entrapped therein. Carbide-derived carbons are provided by extracting a metal from a metal carbide by chlorination of the metal carbide to produce a porous carbon framework having residual metal chloride nanoparticles incorporated therein, and annealing the porous carbon framework with H 2 to remove residual chloride by reducing the metal chloride nanoparticles to produce the metallic nanoparticles entrapped within the porous carbon framework. The metals can include Fe, Co, Mo, or a combination thereof. The carbide-derived carbons are provided with an ammonia dynamic loading capacity of 6.9 mmol g −1 to 10 mmol g −1 at a relative humidity of 0% RH to 75% RH.

First claim

We claim:

1. A carbide-derived carbon comprising a plurality of metallic nanoparticles entrapped therein, the carbide derived carbon made by the steps of:
extracting a metal from a metal carbide by chlorination of the metal carbide to produce a porous carbon framework having residual metal chloride nanoparticles incorporated therein,
removing residual chloride by reducing the metal chloride nanoparticles to produce the metallic nanoparticles entrapped within the porous carbon framework, and reacting the carbide-derived carbon with a strong acid to produce the carbide-derived carbon having a plurality of acidic functional groups covalently attached to the porous carbon framework.

2. The carbide-derived carbon of claim 1 , wherein the strong acid is sulfuric acid, nitric acid, or a combination of sulfuric acid and nitric acid.

3. The carbide-derived carbon of claim 1 , wherein the acidic functional groups are present at a concentration of 2 mmol g −1 to 10 mmol g −1 based upon the weight of the carbide-derived carbon.

4. The carbide-derived carbon of claim 1 , wherein the carbide-derived carbon has an ammonia dynamic loading capacity that is 300% to 1500% greater than the ammonia dynamic loading capacity of the otherwise same carbide-derived carbon except without the metallic nanoparticles,
wherein the ammonia dynamic loading capacities are measured under the same conditions and at the same relative humidity.

5. The carbide-derived carbon of claim 1 , wherein the carbide-derived carbon has an ammonia dynamic loading capacity of 1.5 mmol g −1 to 10 mmol g −1 at 0% RH.

6. The carbide-derived carbon of claim 1 , wherein the carbide-derived carbon has an ammonia dynamic loading capacity of 3 mmol g −1 to 15mmol g −1 at 75% RH.

7. The carbide-derived carbon of claim 1 , wherein the carbide-derived carbon has an ammonia dynamic loading capacity of 6.9 mmol g -1 to 10 mmol g −1 at a relative humidity of 0% RH to 75% RH.

8. The carbide-derived carbon of claim 1 , wherein the metal is present in an amount from 2.0 wt % to 25.0 wt% based upon the weight of the carbide-derived carbon.

9. The carbide-derived carbon of claim 1 , wherein the metal is selected from the group consisting of Fe, Co, Ni, Al, Mo, and a combination thereof.

10. The carbide-derived carbon of claim 1 , wherein the carbide-derived carbon has a surface area of 300 m 2 g −1 to 900 m 2 g −1 .

11. The carbide-derived carbon of claim 1 , wherein the carbide-derived carbon has a pore volume of 0.2 cc g −1 to 0.8 cc g −1 .

12. The carbide-derived carbon of claim 1 , wherein the metallic nanoparticles have an average particle diameter of 1 nm to 10 nm.

Assignees

• Georgia Tech Res Inst

Inventors

• Mangarella Michael Charles
• Walton Krista S

Classifications

• B01J2235/15

  X-ray diffraction · CPC title

• B01J2235/10

  Infrared [IR] · CPC title

• B01J2235/30

  Scanning electron microscopy; Transmission electron microscopy · CPC title

• B01J2235/00

  Indexing scheme associated with group B01J35/00, related to the analysis techniques used to determine the catalysts form or properties · CPC title

• B01J20/3085

  Chemical treatments not covered by groups B01J20/3007 - B01J20/3078 · CPC title