Self-diagnosing composite slickline cables

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9828846-B2
Application number	US-201414766795-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Jul 31, 2014
Priority date	Jul 31, 2014
Publication date	Nov 28, 2017
Grant date	Nov 28, 2017

Abstract

Downhole slickline cable including a polymer matrix having reinforcing fibers embedded therein. A plurality of integrity-sensing optical fibers are embedded within the polymer composite and extend along an axial length of the downhole slickline cable that enables slickline cable structural and mechanical integrity self-diagnosis. The cable may include energy transmission lines that include one or more integrity-sensing optical fibers.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A system, comprising:
a downhole slickline cable having a surface end, a distal end, and comprising a polymer composite and a plurality of integrity-sensing optical fibers embedded within the polymer composite, wherein the plurality of integrity-sensing optical fibers extends along an axial length of the downhole slickline cable; and
a detector arranged at the surface end and configured to:
receive electromagnetic radiation conveyed through the plurality of integrity-sensing optical fibers;
process the received electromagnetic radiation; and
detect a decrease in an intensity of the processed electromagnetic radiation,

wherein the decrease in the intensity of the electromagnetic radiation corresponds to breakage of one or more integrity-sensing optical fibers, and breakage of the one or more integrity-sensing optical fibers is indicative of a crack or delamination of the downhole slickline cable.

2. The system of claim 1 , further comprising one or more energy transmission lines positioned within the downhole slickline cable.

3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of integrity-sensing optical fibers are embedded in a polymer matrix sheet arranged in a spiral pattern within the polymer composite.

4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of integrity-sensing optical fibers are arranged randomly as embedded within the polymer composite.

5. The system of claim 1 , wherein one or more of the plurality of integrity-sensing optical fibers has a cladding disposed thereon, the cladding being a material selected from the group consisting of a thermoplastic, a thermoset, a metal, a carbon coating, a non-carbon coating, a carbon and polyimide dual-layer coating, any derivative thereof, and any combination thereof.

6. The system of claim 1 , further comprising an electromagnetic radiation source arranged at the surface end to provide the electromagnetic radiation to the plurality of integrity-sensing optical fibers.

7. The system of claim 1 , further comprising an optical reflector coupled to the distal end of the downhole slickline cable.

8. The system of claim 1 , wherein a distal end of each integrity-sensing optical fiber is coated with a reflective coating.

9. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a multi-fiber turnaround sub coupled to the distal end of the downhole slickline cable and connecting one or more pairs of the plurality of integrity-sensing optical fibers.

10. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a thermal radiation cap coupled to a distal end of the plurality of integrity-sensing optical fibers.

11. A method, comprising:
conveying a downhole slickline cable into a wellbore, the downhole slickline cable having a surface end, a distal end, and comprising a polymer composite and a plurality of integrity-sensing optical fibers embedded within the polymer composite, wherein the plurality of integrity-sensing optical fibers extends along an axial length of the downhole slickline cable;
receiving electromagnetic radiation from the plurality of integrity-sensing optical fibers with a detector arranged at the surface end;
processing the electromagnetic radiation received by the detector and detecting a decrease in an intensity of the electromagnetic radiation which corresponds to breakage of one or more integrity-sensing optical fibers; and
determining the presence of a crack or delamination along the axial length of the downhole slickline cable based on the decrease in the intensity of the electromagnetic radiation.

12. The method of claim 11 , further comprising providing the electromagnetic radiation to the plurality of integrity-sensing optical fibers with an electromagnetic radiation source arranged at the surface end.

13. The method of claim 12 , wherein receiving the electromagnetic radiation from the plurality of integrity-sensing optical fibers comprises:
providing the electromagnetic radiation to a first portion of the plurality of integrity-sensing optical fibers with the electromagnetic radiation source;
receiving the electromagnetic radiation from the first portion of the plurality of integrity-sensing optical fibers with an optical reflector coupled to the distal end of the downhole slickline cable;
reflecting the electromagnetic radiation with the optical reflector into a second portion of the plurality of integrity-sensing optical fibers; and
receiving the electromagnetic radiation from the second portion of the plurality of integrity-sensing optical fibers with the detector.

14. The method of claim 12 , wherein a distal end of each integrity-sensing optical fiber is coated with a reflective coating, and wherein receiving the electromagnetic radiation from the plurality of integrity-sensing optical fibers comprises receiving the electromagnetic radiation as reflected from the distal end of each integrity-sensing optical fiber.

15. The method of claim 12 , wherein receiving the electromagnetic radiation from the plurality of integrity-sensing optical fibers comprises:
providing the electromagnetic radiation to one or more first integrity-sensing optical fibers of the plurality of integrity-sensing optical fibers with the electromagnetic radiation source;
receiving the electromagnetic radiation from the one or more first integrity-sensing optical fibers with a multi-fiber turnaround sub coupled to the distal end of the downhole slickline cable;
transmitting the electromagnetic radiation with the multi-fiber turnaround sub to one or more second integrity-sensing optical fibers of the plurality of integrity-sensing optical fibers; and
receiving the electromagnetic radiation from the one or more second integrity-sensing optical fibers with the detector.

16. The method of claim 11 , wherein one or more of the plurality of integrity-sensing optical fibers is exposed to a wellbore environment, and wherein receiving the electromagnetic radiation from the plurality of integrity-sensing optical fibers comprises receiving thermal radiation with the detector as transmitted from the wellbore environment to the one or more of the plurality of integrity-sensing optical fibers.

17. The method of claim 11 , wherein a thermal radiation cap is coupled to the distal end, and wherein receiving the electromagnetic radiation from the plurality of integrity-sensing optical fibers comprises receiving thermal radiation with the detector as transmitted from a wellbore environment to the plurality of integrity-sensing optical fibers at the distal end.

18. The method of claim 11 , wherein detecting a decrease in the intensity of the electromagnetic radiation further corresponds to an ingress of hydrogen into the downhole slickline cable based on a time-dependent trend in the intensity of the electromagnetic radiation received by the detector.

19. The method of claim 11 , further comprising locating a defect in the downhole slickline cable based on a signal trend of the electromagnetic radiation received by the detector, wherein the detector measures the signal trend in the electromagnetic radiation, the measured signal trend indicating a stepwise degradation in the intensity of the electromagnetic radiation which corresponds to the breakage of the one or more integrity-sensing optical fibers.

20. The method of claim 11 , wherein the downhole slickline cable further comprises at least one energy transmission line positioned within the polymer composite, the method further comprising using the at least one energy transmission line for at least one of downhole telemetry and

Assignees

• Halliburton Energy Services Inc

Inventors

• Xia Hua
• Thomas Sean
• Perkins David L
• Maida John L

Classifications

• H01B7/046 Primary

  attached to objects sunk in bore holes, e.g. well drilling means, well pumps · CPC title

• E21B19/08

  Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables (E21B19/22 takes precedence; automatic feed E21B44/02); Apparatus for increasing or decreasing the pressure on the drilling tool; Apparatus for counterbalancing the weight of the rods · CPC title

• G02B6/504

  Installation in solid material, e.g. underground · CPC title

• H01B7/32

  with arrangements for indicating defects, e.g. breaks or leaks · CPC title

• G02B6/4411

  Matrix structure · CPC title