Polyurethanes, articles and coatings prepared therefrom and methods of making the same

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9822211-B2
Application number	US-201414465436-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Aug 21, 2014
Priority date	Sep 1, 2004
Publication date	Nov 21, 2017
Grant date	Nov 21, 2017

Abstract

The present invention provides polyurethanes including a reaction product of components including: (a) an isocyanate functional urethane prepolymer comprising a reaction product of components including: (i) about 1 equivalent of at least one polyisocyanate; and (ii) about 0.1 to about 0.5 equivalents of at least one diol having 2 to 18 carbon atoms; and (b) about 0.05 to about 0.9 equivalents of at least one branched polyol having 4 to 18 carbon atoms and at least 3 hydroxyl groups; and (c) up to about 0.9 equivalents of at least one polyol different from branched polyol (b) and having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, wherein the reaction product components are essentially free of polyester polyol and polyether polyol; compositions, coatings and articles made therefrom and methods of making the same.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A polyurethane comprising a reaction product of components comprising:
(a) an isocyanate functional urethane prepolymer comprising a reaction product of components comprising:
(i) about 1 equivalent of at least one polyisocyanate; and
(ii) about 0.1 to about 0.5 equivalents of at least one polyol having 2 to 18 carbon atoms selected from the group consisting of dodecanediol, octadecanediol, 1,4-benzenedimethanol, xylene glycol, hydroxybenzyl alcohol, 1,4-bis(hydroxyethyl)piperazine, N,N′,bis(2-hydroxyethyl)oxamide, 2-methyl-butanediol, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol, 2-methyl-1,3-pentanediol, 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol, polyethylene glycol, cycloalkane diol, cyclopentanediol, 1,4-cyclohexanediol, cyclohexanedimethanol, cyclododecanediol, 4,4′-isopropylidene-biscyclohexanol, hydroxypropylcyclohexanol, cyclohexanediethanol, 1,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)-cyclohexane, 1,2-bis(hydroxyethyl)-cyclohexane, 4,4′-isopropylidene-biscyclohexanol, bis(4-hydroxycyclohexanol)methane and mixtures thereof; and

(b) about 0.05 to about 1.0 equivalents of at least one branched polyol having 4 to 18 carbon atoms and at least 3 hydroxyl groups, based upon the about 1 equivalent of at least one polyisocyanate (i), the polyol (b) being selected from the group consisting of tetramethylolmethane, trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, tripentaerythritol, and mixtures thereof; and
(c) up to about 0.9 equivalents of at least one polyol different from branched polyol (b) and having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, based upon the about 1 equivalent of at least one polyisocyanate (i),

wherein the reaction product components comprise less than about 5 weight percent of polyester polyol, less than about 5 weight percent of polycarbonate polyol and less than about 5 weight percent polyether polyol, wherein the prepolymer (a), polyol (b), and polyol (c) (if present) are each preheated to and maintained at a temperature of at least about 120° C. to about 140° C. for at least about 10 minutes immediately prior to mixing together within a mixing chamber of a dynamic pin mixer, wherein the mixing chamber has a volume of about 62 cc to about 250 cc, the total flow rate of components into the mixing chamber is about 499 to about 4807 grams per minute, and wherein the residence time of the components in the mixing chamber is from about 0.1 seconds to about 5 minutes.

2. The polyurethane according to claim 1 , wherein the polyisocyanate is selected from the group consisting of diisocyanates, triisocyanates, dimers, trimers and mixtures thereof.

3. The polyurethane according to claim 2 , wherein the polyisocyanate is a diisocyanate selected from the group consisting of ethylene diisocyanate, trimethylene diisocyanate, 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate, tetramethylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, octamethylene diisocyanate, nonamethylene diisocyanate, decamethylene diisocyanate, 1,6,11-undecane-triisocyanate, 1,3,6-hexamethylene triisocyanate, bis(isocyanatoethyl)-carbonate, bis(isocyanatoethyl)ether, trimethylhexane diisocyanate, trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate, 2,2′-dimethylpentane diisocyanate, 2,2,4-trimethylhexane diisocyanate, 2,4,4-trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate, 1,8-diisocyanato-4-(isocyanatomethyl) octane, 2,5,7-trimethyl-1,8-diisocyanato-5-(isocyanatomethyl)octane, 2-isocyanatopropyl-2,6-diisocyanatohexanoate, lysinediisocyanate methyl ester, 4,4′-methylene-bis-(cyclohexyl isocyanate), 4,4′-isopropylidene-bis-(cyclohexyl isocyanate), 1,4-cyclohexyl diisocyanate, 4,4′-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, 3-isocyanato methyl-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexyl isocyanate, meta-tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate, diphenyl methane diisocyanates, diphenyl isopropylidene diisocyanate, diphenylene diisocyanate, butene diisocyanate, 1,3-butadiene-1,4-diisocyanate, cyclohexane diisocyanate, methylcyclohexane diisocyanate, bis(isocyanatomethyl) cyclohexane, bis(isocyanatocyclohexyl)methane, bis(isocyanatocyclohexyl)-2,2-propane, bis(isocyanatocyclohexyl)-1,2-ethane, 2-isocyanatomethyl-3-(3-isocyanatopropyl)-5-isocyanatomethyl-bicyclo[2.2.1]-heptane, 2-isocyanatomethyl-3-(3-isocyanatopropyl)-6-isocyanatomethyl-bicyclo[2.2.1]-heptane, 2-isocyanatomethyl-2-(3-isocyanatopropyl)-5-isocyanatomethyl-bicyclo[2.2.1]-heptane, 2-isocyanato-methyl-2-(3-isocyanatopropyl)-6-isocyanatomethyl-bicyclo[2.2.1]-heptane, 2-isocyanatomethyl-3-(3-isocyanatopropyl)-6-(2-isocyanatoethyl)-bicyclo[2.2.1]-heptane, 2-isocyanatomethyl-2-(3-isocyanatopropyl)-5-(2-isocyanatoethyl)-bicyclo-[2.2.1]-heptane, 2-isocyanatomethyl-2-(3-isocyanatopropyl)-6-(2-isocyanatoethyl)-bicyclo[2.2.1]-heptane, α,α′-xylene diisocyanate, bis(isocyanatoethyl)benzene, α,α,α′,α′-tetramethylxylene diisocyanate, 1,3-bis(1-isocyanato-1-methylethyl) benzene, bis(isocyanatobutyl)benzene, bis(isocyanatomethyl)naphthalene, bis(isocyanatomethyl)diphenyl ether, bis(isocyanatoethyl) phthalate, mesitylene triisocyanate, 2,5-di(isocyanatomethyl)furan, α,α′-xylene diisocyanate, bis(isocyanatoethyl)benzene, α,α,α′,α′-tetramethylxylene diisocyanate, 1,3-bis(1-isocyanato-1-methylethyl)benzene, bis(isocyanatobutyl) benzene, bis(isocyanatomethyl)naphthalene, bis(isocyanatomethyl)diphenyl ether, bis(isocyanatoethyl) phthalate, 2,5-di(isocyanatomethyl)furan, diphenylether diisocyanate, bis(isocyanatophenylether)ethyleneglycol, bis(isocyanatophenylether)-1,3-propyleneglycol, benzophenone diisocyanate, carbazole diisocyanate, ethylcarbazole diisocyanate, dichlorocarbazole diisocyanate, and dimers, trimers and mixtures thereof.

4. The polyurethane according to claim 3 , wherein the diisocyanate is 4,4′-methylene-bis-(cyclohexyl isocyanate) or the trans, trans isomer of 4,4′-methylene-bis-(cyclohexyl isocyanate).

5. The polyurethane according to claim 1 , wherein the polyisocyanate is selected from the group consisting of aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic and heterocyclic isocyanates, dimers and trimers thereof and mixtures thereof.

6. The polyurethane according to claim 1 , wherein the equivalent ratio of polyisocyanate to polyol having 2 to 18 carbon atoms for preparing the isocyanate functional urethane prepolymer ranges from about 1:0.3 to about 1:0.4.

7. The polyurethane according to claim 1 , wherein the equivalent ratio of polyisocyanate to polyol having 2 to 18 carbon atoms for preparing the isocyanate functional urethane prepolymer is about 1:0.35.

8. The polyurethane according to claim 1 , wherein the branched polyol has three hydroxyl groups.

9. The polyurethane according to claim 1 , wherein the branched polyol is trimethylolpropane.

10. The polyurethane according to claim 1 , wherein the polyol (c) is selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, 1,2-ethanediol, propanediol, butanediol, pentanediol, hexanediol, heptanediol, octanediol, nonanediol, decanediol, dodecane diol, octadecanediol, sorbitol, mannitol, cyclopentanediol, 1,4-cyclohexanediol, cyclohexanedimethanol, 1,4-benzenedimethanol, xylene glycol, hydroxybenzyl alcohol, dihydroxytoluene bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate, 1,4-bis(hydroxyethyl)piperazine, N,N′,bis(2-hydroxyethyl)oxamide and mixtures thereof.

11. The polyurethane according to claim 10 , wherein the diol (c) is butanediol.

12. The polyurethane according to claim 10 , wherein the diol (c) is pentanediol.

13. The polyurethane according to claim 1 , wherein the reaction product components comprise less than about 0.1 equivalents of polyester polyol or polyether polyol or polycarbonate polyol.

14. The polyurethane according to claim 1 , wherein the reaction product components further comprise one or more polyurethane polyols,

Assignees

• Ppg Ind Ohio Inc

Inventors

• Rukavina Thomas G
• Harris Caroline S
• Hunia Robert M
• Frain Veronica L
• Wang Yan

Classifications

• C08G18/831

  by oxygen-containing compounds inclusive of carbonic acid halogenides, carboxylic acid halogenides and epoxy halides (by aldehydes C08G18/84, by peroxides C08G18/86) · CPC title

• C08G18/3212

  containing cycloaliphatic groups · CPC title

• C08G18/724

  Combination of aromatic polyisocyanates with (cyclo)aliphatic polyisocyanates · CPC title

• C08G18/671

  Unsaturated compounds having only one group containing active hydrogen (takes precedence on groups C08G18/675 - C08G18/69) · CPC title

• Y10T428/31507

  Of polycarbonate · CPC title