Redox flow batteries based on supporting solutions containing chloride

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9819039-B2
Application number	US-201514815037-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Jul 31, 2015
Priority date	Sep 28, 2010
Publication date	Nov 14, 2017
Grant date	Nov 14, 2017

Abstract

Redox flow battery systems having a supporting solution that contains Cl − ions can exhibit improved performance and characteristics. Furthermore, a supporting solution having mixed SO 4 2− and Cl − ions can provide increased energy density and improved stability and solubility of one or more of the ionic species in the catholyte and/or anolyte. According to one example, a vanadium-based redox flow battery system is characterized by an anolyte having V 2+ and V 3+ in a supporting solution and a catholyte having V 4+ and V 5+ in a supporting solution. The supporting solution can contain Cl − ions or a mixture of SO 4 2− and Cl − ions.

First claim

We claim:

1. A battery system comprising:
an all-vanadium redox flow battery system including
an anolyte comprising electrochemically active ions consisting of V 2+ and V 3+ ;
a catholyte comprising electrochemically active ions consisting of V 4+ and V 5+ ; and
an aqueous HCl and H 2 SO 4 supporting solution in the anolyte and the catholyte.

2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the HCl and H 2 SO 4 supporting solution has a sulfate ion to the chloride ion concentration ratio is between 1:100 and 100:1.

3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the HCl and H 2 SO 4 supporting solution has a sulfate ion to the chloride ion concentration ratio is between 1:10 and 10:1.

4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the HCl and H 2 SO 4 supporting solution has a sulfate ion to the chloride ion concentration ratio is between 1:3 and 3:1.

5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the catholyte comprises VO 2 Cl(H 2 O) 2 .

6. The system of claim 1 having a cell temperature greater than 40° C. during operation.

7. The system of claim 1 having a cell temperature between −35° C. and 60° C. during operation.

8. The system of claim 1 absent a thermal management device actively regulating the cell temperature.

9. The system of claim 1 wherein the supporting solution has a water content of greater than about 40 wt %.

10. The system of claim 1 wherein the supporting solution has a water content of greater than about 45 wt %.

11. The system of claim 1 , wherein vanadium cation concentration is about 2.5M or greater.

12. The system of claim 1 , wherein vanadium cation concentration is about 3.0 M or greater.

13. The system of claim 1 wherein the supporting solution has a water content of from about 45 wt % to about 60 wt %.

14. A battery system comprising:
an anolyte and a catholyte having electrochemically active ions consisting essentially of vanadium ions;
the anolyte having electrochemically active ions consisting of V 2+ and V 3+ ;
the catholyte having electrochemically active ions consisting of V 4+ and V 5+ ; and
an aqueous HCl supporting solution in the anolyte and in the catholyte.

Assignees

• Battelle Memorial Institute

Inventors

• Li Liyu
• Kim Soowhan
• Yang Zhenguo
• Wang Wei
• Nie Zimin
• Chen Baowei
• Zhang Jianlu
• Xia Guanguang

Classifications

• H01M8/18 Primary

  Regenerative fuel cells, e.g. redox flow batteries or secondary fuel cells · CPC title

• H01M2300/0011

  Sulfuric acid-based · CPC title

• H01M2300/0005

  Acid electrolytes · CPC title

• H01M8/188 Primary

  by recharging of redox couples containing fluids; Redox flow type batteries · CPC title

• H01M8/20

  Indirect fuel cells, e.g. fuel cells with redox couple being irreversible (H01M8/18 takes precedence) · CPC title