Lithium ion battery electrodes

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9799916-B2
Application number	US-201414492303-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Sep 22, 2014
Priority date	Sep 30, 2013
Publication date	Oct 24, 2017
Grant date	Oct 24, 2017

Abstract

A lithium ion battery includes a positive electrode and a negative electrode. In an example, a positive electrode for the lithium ion battery includes a lithium transition metal oxide-based active material and a high surface area carbon. The positive electrode further includes a reactive binder having a macrocycle bonded thereto.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. A positive electrode for a lithium ion battery, comprising:
a lithium transition metal oxide-based active material;
a conductive high surface area carbon black filler; and
a reactive binder functionalized with a macrocycle, wherein the reactive binder is selected from the group consisting of alginate, polyacrylic acid, polyundecylenic acid, and combinations thereof.

2. The positive electrode as defined in claim 1 wherein the macrocycle is selected from the group consisting of a crown ether, a podand, a lariat ether, a calixarene, a calixcrown, and combinations thereof.

3. The positive electrode as defined in claim 1 wherein the macrocycle is selected from the group consisting of

and combinations thereof.

4. The positive electrode as defined in claim 1 wherein:
the conductive high surface area carbon black filler is acetylene black; and
the lithium transition metal oxide-based active material is selected from the group consisting of LiMn 2 O 4 , LiCoO 2 , Li(Mn 1.5 Ni 0.5 )O 2 , LiFePO 4 , Li 2 FePO 4 F, LiNi 1−x Co 1−y M x+y O 2 (M is a metal), Li x Mn 2−y Al y O 4 , and LiV 2 O 5 .

5. The positive electrode as defined in claim 1 , wherein a linking group connects the macrocycle to the reactive binder.

6. A lithium ion battery, comprising:
a positive electrode, including:
a lithium transition metal oxide-based active material;
a conductive high surface area carbon black filler; and
a reactive binder functionalized with a macrocycle, wherein the reactive binder is selected from the group consisting of: alginate, polyacrylic acid, polyundecylenic acid, and combinations thereof;

a negative electrode; and
a microporous polymer separator soaked in an electrolyte solution, the microporous polymer separator being disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.

7. The lithium ion battery as defined in claim 6 wherein:
the macrocycle is selected from the group consisting of a crown ether, a podand, a lariat ether, a calixarene, a calixcrown, and combinations thereof.

8. The lithium ion battery as defined in claim 7 wherein the macrocycle is selected from the group consisting of

and combinations thereof.

9. The lithium ion battery as defined in claim 6 wherein:
the conductive high surface area carbon black filler is acetylene black; and
the lithium transition metal oxide-based active material is selected from the group consisting of LiMn 2 O 4 , LiCoO 2 , Li(Mn 1.5 Ni 0.5 )O 2 , LiFePO 4 , Li 2 FePO 4 F, LiNi 1-x Co 1−y M x+y O 2 (M is a metal), Li x Mn 2−y Al y O 4 , and LiV 2 O 5 .

10. A method for making a positive electrode for a lithium ion battery, the method comprising:
functionalizing, through an ester, amide, ether, or isocyanate linkage, a reactive binder with a macrocycle to form a functionalized reactive binder, wherein the reactive binder is selected from the group consisting of: alginate, polyacrylic acid, polyundecylenic acid, and combinations thereof; and
mixing the functionalized reactive binder with a lithium transition metal oxide-based active material and a conductive high surface area carbon black filler.

11. The method as defined in claim 10 wherein the lithium transition metal oxide-based active material is present in an amount ranging from about 90% by weight to about 95% by weight, the conductive high surface area carbon black filler is present in an amount ranging from about 2% by weight to about 6% by weight, and the functionalized reactive binder is present in an amount ranging from about 3% by weight to about 6% by weight.

Assignees

• Gm Global Tech Operations Llc

Inventors

• Halalay Ion C
• Fuller Timothy J
• Li Zicheng

Classifications

• H01M4/136

  Electrodes based on inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy · CPC title

• H01M4/625

  Carbon or graphite · CPC title

• H01M4/622

  being polymers · CPC title

• H01M10/0525 Primary

  Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries · CPC title

• H01M4/131

  Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx · CPC title