Battery including beta-delithiated layered nickel oxide electrochemically active cathode material

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9793543-B2
Application number	US-201514672303-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Mar 30, 2015
Priority date	Mar 28, 2014
Publication date	Oct 17, 2017
Grant date	Oct 17, 2017

Abstract

The invention is directed towards a battery. The battery includes a cathode, an anode, a separator between the cathode and the anode, and an electrolyte. The cathode includes a conductive additive and an electrochemically active cathode material. The electrochemically active cathode material includes a beta-delithiated layered nickel oxide. The beta-delithiated layered nickel oxide has a chemical formula. The chemical formula is Li x A y Ni 1+a−z M z O 2 .nH 2 O where x is from about 0.02 to about 0.20; y is from about 0.03 to about 0.20; a is from about 0 to about 0.2; z is from about 0 to about 0.2; and n is from about 0 to about 1. Within the chemical formula, A is an alkali metal. The alkali metal includes potassium, rubidium, cesium, and any combination thereof. Within the chemical formula, M comprises an alkaline earth metal, a transition metal, a non-transition metal, and any combination thereof. The anode includes an electrochemically active anode material. The electrochemically active anode material includes zinc, zinc alloy, and any combination thereof.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A battery comprising:
a cathode comprising a conductive additive and an electrochemically active cathode material, the electrochemically active cathode material comprising a beta-delithiated layered nickel oxide;
an anode comprising an electrochemically active anode material, the electrochemically active anode material comprising zinc, zinc alloy, and any combination thereof;
a separator between the cathode and the anode;
an electrolyte; and
the beta-delithiated layered nickel oxide comprising a chemical formula, the chemical formula comprising Li x A y Ni 1+a−z M z O 2 .nH 2 O wherein:
x is from about 0.02 to about 0.20;
y is from about 0.03 to about 0.20;
a is from about 0 to about 0.2;
z is from about 0 to about 0.2;
n is from about 0 to about 1;
A comprising an alkali metal comprising potassium, rubidium, cesium, and any combination thereof; and
M comprising an alkaline earth metal, a transition metal, a non-transition metal, and any combination thereof.

2. The battery of claim 1 comprising a ratio of water extractable potassium hydroxide content, in grams, to electrochemically active cathode material content, in grams, less than about 0.1.

3. The battery of claim 1 comprising a ratio of water extractable potassium hydroxide content, in grams, to electrochemically active cathode material content, in grams, from about 0.05 to about 0.1.

4. The battery of claim 1 comprising a ratio of water extractable potassium hydroxide content, in moles, to electrochemically active anode material content, in moles, less than about 0.2.

5. The battery of claim 1 comprising a ratio of acid extractable potassium hydroxide content, in moles, to electrochemically active cathode material content, in moles, greater than about 0.2.

6. The battery of claim 1 comprising a ratio of water extractable potassium content, in grams, to acid extractable potassium content, in grams, less than about 0.9.

7. The battery of claim 1 comprising a ratio of water extractable potassium content, in grams, to acid extractable potassium content, in grams, from about 0.45 to about 0.75.

8. The battery of claim 1 comprising a ratio of total water content, in grams, to electrochemically active cathode material content, in grams, greater than about 0.25.

9. The battery of claim 1 comprising a ratio of total water content, in grams, to electrochemically active cathode material content, in grams, from about 0.27 to about 0.35.

10. The battery of claim 1 comprising a ratio of total water content, in moles, to electrochemically active cathode material content, in moles, greater than about 1.7.

11. The battery of claim 1 , the beta-delithiated layered nickel oxide comprising a gravimetric capacity of greater than about 350 mAh/g.

12. The battery of claim 1 , the beta-delithiated layered nickel oxide comprising a gravimetric capacity of from about 350 mAh/g to about 400 mAh/g.

13. The battery of claim 1 , the beta-delithiated layered nickel oxide wherein A is potassium and y is from about 0.08 to about 0.13.

14. The battery of claim 1 , the beta-delithiated layered nickel oxide wherein x is from about 0.03 to about 0.12.

15. The battery of claim 1 , the beta-delithiated layered nickel oxide comprising a potassium content of less than about 7 weight percent.

16. The battery of claim 1 , the beta-delithiated layered nickel oxide comprising a potassium content of from about 3 weight percent to about 7 weight percent.

17. The battery of claim 1 comprising an open circuit voltage of from about 1.7 volts to about 1.8 volts.

18. The battery of claim 1 , wherein the battery further comprises:
a housing, the housing comprising an outer surface; and
a label, the label comprising a voltage tester;
wherein the label is affixed to the outer surface of the housing.

Assignees

• Duracell Us Operations Inc

Inventors

• Anglin David Lloyd
• Nelson Jennifer Anne
• Christian Paul Albert

Classifications

• H01M4/525 Primary

  of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy · CPC title

• H01M10/30

  Nickel accumulators (H01M10/34 takes precedence) · CPC title

• H01M4/06 Primary

  Electrodes for primary cells · CPC title

• H01M4/32

  Nickel oxide or hydroxide electrodes · CPC title

• F02M51/02

  specially for low-pressure fuel-injection ({F02M51/005 takes precedence;} pumpsper se F02M51/04; injectors per se F02M51/08) · CPC title