Beta-delithiated layered nickel oxide electrochemically active cathode material and a battery including said material

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9793542-B2
Application number	US-201514625876-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Feb 19, 2015
Priority date	Mar 28, 2014
Publication date	Oct 17, 2017
Grant date	Oct 17, 2017

Abstract

The invention is directed towards an electrochemically active cathode material. The electrochemically active cathode includes beta-delithiated layered nickel oxide. The beta-delithiated layered nickel oxide has an X-ray diffraction pattern. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the beta-delithiated layered nickel oxide includes a first peak from about 14.9°2θ to about 16.0°2θ; a second peak from about 21.3°2θ to about 22.7°2θ; a third peak from about 37.1°2θ to about 37.4°2θ; a fourth peak from about 43.2°2θ to about 44.0°2θ; a fifth peak from about 59.6°2θ to about 60.6°2θ; and a sixth peak from about 65.4°2θ to about 65.9°2θ.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. An electrochemically active cathode material comprising a beta-delithiated layered nickel oxide, the beta-delithiated layered nickel oxide having an X-ray diffraction pattern comprising a first peak from about 14.9°2θ to about 16.0°2θ; a second peak from about 21.3°2θ to about 22.7°2θ; a third peak from about 37.1°2θ to about 37.4°2θ; a fourth peak from about 43.2°2θ to about 44.0°2θ; a fifth peak from about 59.6°2θ to about 60.6°2θ; and a sixth peak from about 65.4°2θ to about 65.9°2θ.

2. The electrochemically active cathode material of claim 1 , the X-ray diffraction pattern further comprising a seventh peak from about 10.8°2θ to about 12.0°2θ; an eighth peak from about 47.2°2θ to about 47.4°2θ; and a ninth peak from about 48.1°2θ to about 48.6°2θ.

3. The electrochemically active cathode material of claim 2 , the X-ray diffraction pattern further comprising a first peak FWHM from about 1.01 to about 2.09; a second peak FWHM from about 0.86 to about 1.95; a third peak FWHM from about 0.23 to about 0.41; a fourth peak FWHM from about 0.40 to about 0.75; a fifth peak FWHM from about 0.57 to about 1.45; a sixth peak FWHM from about 0.27 to about 0.53; a seventh peak FWHM from about 0.56 to about 1.73; an eighth peak FWHM from about 0.08 to about 0.21; and a ninth peak FWHM from about 0.33 to about 0.58.

4. The electrochemically active cathode material of claim 1 , the first peak is at about 15.4°2θ; the second peak is at about 22.1°2θ; a third peak at about 37.3°2θ; the fourth peak is at about 43.6°2θ; the fifth peak is at about 60.1°2θ; and the sixth peak is at about 65.7°2θ.

5. The electrochemically active cathode material of claim 4 , the X-ray diffraction pattern further comprising a seventh peak at about 11.2°2θ; an eighth peak at about 47.3°2θ; and a ninth peak at about 48.3°2θ.

6. The electrochemically active cathode material of claim 1 , the X-ray diffraction pattern comprising a first peak FWHM from about 1.01 to about 2.09; a second peak FWHM from about 0.86 to about 1.95; a third peak FWHM from about 0.23 to about 0.41; a fourth peak FWHM from about 0.40 to about 0.75; a fifth peak FWHM from about 0.57 to about 1.45; and a sixth peak FWHM from about 0.27 to about 0.53.

7. The electrochemically active cathode material of claim 1 , the X-ray diffraction pattern comprising a normalized intensity of the first peak to the third peak from about 13 to about 37; a normalized intensity of the second peak to the third peak from about 6 to about 16; a normalized intensity of the third peak of about 100; a normalized intensity of the fourth peak to the third peak from about 45 to about 73; a normalized intensity of the fifth peak to the third peak from about 7 to about 17; and a normalized intensity of the sixth peak to the third peak from about 41 to about 61.

8. The electrochemically active cathode material of claim 1 , the X-ray diffraction pattern comprising a normalized intensity of the first peak to the third peak of about 24; a normalized intensity of the second peak to the third peak of about 10; a normalized intensity of the third peak of about 100; a normalized intensity of the fourth peak to the third peak of about 58; a normalized intensity of the fifth peak to the third peak of about 11; and a normalized intensity of the sixth peak to the third peak of about 48.

9. The electrochemically active cathode material of claim 1 , the beta-delithiated layered nickel oxide comprising a chemical formula, the chemical formula comprising Li x A y Ni 1+a−z M z O 2 .nH 2 O wherein:
x is from about 0.02 to about 0.20;
y is from about 0.03 to about 0.20;
a is from about 0 to about 0.2;
z is from about 0 to about 0.2;
n is from about 0 to about 1;
A comprises potassium, rubidium, cesium, and any combination thereof; and
M comprises an alkaline earth metal, a transition metal, a non-transition metal, and any combination thereof.

10. A battery comprising:
a cathode comprising a conductive additive and an electrochemically active cathode material, the electrochemically active cathode material comprising a beta-delithiated layered nickel oxide;
an anode comprising an electrochemically active anode material, the electrochemically active anode material comprising zinc;
a separator between said cathode and said anode; and
an electrolyte;
wherein the beta-delithiated layered nickel oxide has an X-ray diffraction pattern comprising a first peak from about 14.9°2θ to about 16.0°2θ; a second peak from about 21.3°2θ to about 22.7°2θ; a third peak from about 37.1°2θ to about 37.4°2θ; a fourth peak from about 43.2°2θ to about 44.0°2θ; a fifth peak from about 59.6°2θ to about 60.6°2θ; and a sixth peak from about 65.4°2θ to about 65.9°2θ.

11. The battery of claim 10 , the X-ray diffraction pattern comprising a first peak FWHM from about 1.01 to about 2.09; a second peak FWHM from about 0.86 to about 1.95; a third peak FWHM from about 0.23 to about 0.41; a fourth peak FWHM from about 0.40 to about 0.75; a fifth peak FWHM from about 0.57 to about 1.45; and a sixth peak FWHM from about 0.27 to about 0.53.

12. The battery of claim 10 , the X-ray diffraction pattern comprising a normalized intensity of the first peak to the third peak from about 13 to about 37; a normalized intensity of the second peak to the third peak from about 6 to about 16; a normalized intensity of the third peak of about 100; a normalized intensity of the fourth peak to the third peak from about 45 to about 73; a normalized intensity of the fifth peak to the third peak from about 7 to about 17; and a normalized intensity of the sixth peak to the third peak from about 41 to about 61.

13. The battery of claim 10 , the X-ray diffraction pattern comprising a normalized intensity of the first peak to the third peak of about 24; a normalized intensity of the second peak to the third peak of about 10; a normalized intensity of the third peak of about 100; a normalized intensity of the fourth peak to the third peak of about 58; a normalized intensity of the fifth peak to the third peak of about 11; and a normalized intensity of the sixth peak to the third peak of about 48.

14. The battery of claim 10 , the beta-delithiated layered nickel oxide comprising a chemical formula, the chemical formula comprising Li x A y Ni 1+a−z M z O 2 .nH 2 O wherein:
x is from about 0.02 to about 0.20;
y is from about 0.03 to about 0.20;
a is from about 0 to about 0.2;
z is from about 0 to about 0.2;
n is from about 0 to about 1;
A comprises potassium, rubidium, cesium, and any combination thereof; and
M comprises an alkaline earth metal, a transition metal, a non-transition metal, and any combination thereof.

15. The battery of claim 10 , wherein the battery further comprises:
a housing, the housing comprising an outer surface; and
a label, the label comprising a voltage tester;
wherein the label is affixed to the outer surface of the housing.

Assignees

• Duracell Us Operations Inc

Inventors

• Nelson Jennifer Anne
• Anglin David Lloyd
• Brundu Mariarosa
• Christian Paul Albert

Classifications

• H01M4/525 Primary

  of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy · CPC title

• H01M6/04

  Cells with aqueous electrolyte · CPC title

• H01M4/52

  of nickel, cobalt or iron · CPC title

• H01M2300/0085

  Immobilising or gelification of electrolyte · CPC title

• H01M4/06 Primary

  Electrodes for primary cells · CPC title