Mixtures and use thereof in lithium ion batteries

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9774057-B2
Application number	US-201213705709-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Dec 5, 2012
Priority date	Dec 8, 2011
Publication date	Sep 26, 2017
Grant date	Sep 26, 2017

Abstract

A mixture useful as an electrolyte in lithium ion batteries and use thereof are provided. Lithium ion batteries with good performance, especially good cyclability after prolonged operation are obtained. The mixture contains an aprotic organic solvent, a cyclic compound containing C 1 -C 10 -alkyl, C 1 -C 10 -alkoxy, C 3 -C 10 -cycloalkyl, benzyl or C 6 -C 14 -aryl, water, optionally an additive and a lithium salt.

First claim

We claim:

1. A mixture, comprising:
an aprotic organic solvent or an aprotic organic solvent mixture;
at least one compound selected from the group consisting of formula (I) and formula (II)

from 0 to 30 ppm of water;
optionally an additive; and
a lithium salt,
wherein the aprotic organic solvent or the aprotic organic solvent mixture is liquid at room temperature;
R 1 is independently a C 1 -C 10 -alkyl;
R 2 is independently a C 1 -C 10 -alkyl;
R 3 is hydrogen or >C(R 3 ) 2 is a >C═O group;
R 4 is hydrogen;
X is independently selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulfur, N—R 5 , and C(R 6 ) 2 ;
R 5 is selected from the group consisting of C 1 -C 10 -alkyl, C 3 -C 10 -cycloalkyl, benzyl, and C 6 -C 14 -aryl, optionally substituted by C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, benzyl, or phenyl;
R 6 is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C 1 -C 10 -alkyl, C 3 -C 10 -cycloalkyl, benzyl, and C 6 -C 14 -aryl, optionally substituted by C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, benzyl, or phenyl; and
n is an integer from 1 to 3.

2. The mixture according to claim 1 ,
wherein the aprotic organic solvent is selected from the group consisting of cyclic organic carbonate or noncyclic organic carbonate,
di-C 1 -C 10 -alkyl ester,
di-C 1 -C 4 -alkyl-C 2 -C 6 -alkylene ester,
cyclic ester,
cyclic acetal, acyclic acetal, cyclic ketal , or acyclic ketal
orthocarboxylic ester and
cyclic carboxylic ester or noncyclic carboxylic ester.

3. The mixture according to claim 1 , wherein the compound of formula (I) or (II) is (Ia), (Ib), (IIa), or (IIb):

wherein R 1 is independently a C 1 -C 4 -alkyl;
R 2 is independently a C 1 -C 4 -alkyl; and
R 6 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and methyl.

4. The mixture according to claim 1 ,
wherein the additive is selected from the group consisting of sultone, cyclic exo-methylene carbonate, lithium bisoxalatoborate (LiBOB), and lithium (difluoroxalato)borate (LiDFOB).

5. The mixture according to claim 1 ,
wherein the compound of formula (I) or (II) is selected from the group consisting of (Ia.1), (Ib.1), (IIa.1), and (IIb.1):

6. The mixture according to claim 1 ,
wherein the lithium salt is selected from the group consisting of LiPF 6 , LiBF 4 , LiSbF 6 , LiBOB, LDFOB, and LiPF 3 (CF 2 CF 3 ) 3 (LiFAP).

7. The mixture according to claim 1 comprising:
from 50 to 99.5 wt % of the aprotic organic solvent or of the aprotic organic solvent mixture;
from 0.01 to 4 wt % of the compound of formula (I) or (II);
from 0 to 30 ppm of the water;
from 0 to 10 wt % of the additive; and
more than zero to 20 wt % of the lithium salt,
based on a total amount of the mixture.

8. A lithium ion battery, comprising the mixture according to claim 1 .

9. The lithium ion battery according to claim 8 , comprising a cathodic active material having manganese from 50 to 80 wt %, based on a content of transition metal.

10. The lithium ion battery according to claim 8 , comprising an anode comprising an electrically conductive carbon.

11. A process for producing the mixture according to claim 1 , comprising:
providing the aprotic organic solvent;
optionally mixing with an additional aprotic organic solvent;
optionally mixing with the additive; drying;
mixing with the compound of formula (I) or (II) with the lithium salt, and optionally with the additive.

12. The process according to claim 11 , wherein the drying is effected with a molecular sieve.

Assignees

• Schroedle Simon
• Lampert Jordan Keith
• Schulz-Dobrick Martin
• Malkowsky Itamar Michael
• Garsuch Arnd
• Leitner Klaus
• Kutzki Olaf
• Basf Se

Inventors

• Schroedle Simon
• Lampert Jordan Keith
• Schulz-Dobrick Martin
• Malkowsky Itamar Michael
• Garsuch Arnd
• Leitner Klaus
• Kutzki Olaf

Classifications

• Y02E60/122

  Cross-Sectional Technologies · mapped topic

• H01M10/625

  Vehicles · CPC title

• H01M10/0567

  characterised by the additives · CPC title

• H01M10/056 Primary

  characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes · CPC title

• H01M10/0525 Primary

  Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries · CPC title