System and method for a gas turbine engine

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9752458-B2
Application number	US-201414553458-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Nov 25, 2014
Priority date	Dec 4, 2013
Publication date	Sep 5, 2017
Grant date	Sep 5, 2017

Abstract

A system includes a gas turbine engine configured to combust an oxidant and a fuel to generate an exhaust gas, a catalyst bed configured to treat a portion of the exhaust gas from the gas turbine engine to generate a treated exhaust gas, a differential temperature monitor configured to monitor a differential temperature between a first temperature of the portion of exhaust gas upstream of the catalyst bed and a second temperature of the treated exhaust gas downstream of the catalyst bed, and an oxidant-to-fuel ratio system configured to adjust a parameter to maintain an efficacy of the catalyst bed based at least in part on the differential temperature in order to maintain a target equivalence ratio.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. A system, comprising:
a gas turbine engine configured to combust an oxidant and a fuel to generate an exhaust gas;
a catalyst bed configured to treat at least a portion of the exhaust gas from the gas turbine engine to generate a treated exhaust gas;
a first differential temperature monitor configured to monitor a first differential temperature between a first temperature of the portion of exhaust gas upstream of the catalyst bed and a second temperature of the treated exhaust gas downstream of the catalyst bed;
an oxidant-to-fuel ratio system configured to adjust an oxidant flow rate of the oxidant and a fuel flow rate of the fuel to maintain an efficacy of the catalyst bed based at least in part on the first differential temperature in order to maintain a target equivalence ratio;
an oxidant injection system configured to inject a catalyst bed oxidant upstream of the catalyst bed, or an oxidant fuel injection system configured to inject an oxidation fuel upstream of the catalyst bed, or any combination thereof; and
a localized differential temperature monitor configured to monitor a localized differential temperature between the first temperature of the portion of exhaust gas and a localized outlet temperature of the treated exhaust gas downstream of an injection point of the catalyst bed oxidant, oxidation fuel, or any combination thereof, wherein the oxidant-to-fuel ratio system is configured to adjust at least one of the oxidant flow rate, or the fuel flow rate, or any combination thereof, based at least in part on a comparison of the localized differential temperature with the first differential temperature.

2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first temperature is measured at an inlet of the catalyst bed and the second temperature is measured at an outlet of the catalyst bed.

3. The system of claim 1 , comprising a plurality of catalyst beds, wherein the first temperature is measured at an inlet of one of the plurality of catalyst beds and the second temperature is measured at an outlet of one of the plurality of catalyst beds.

4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the oxidant-to-fuel ratio system is configured to maintain the first differential temperature between approximately zero degrees Celsius to 400 degrees Celsius.

5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the oxidant-to-fuel ratio system is configured to maintain the target equivalence ratio is between approximately 0.95 to 1.05.

6. The system of claim 1 , comprising a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) having the catalyst bed, wherein the HRSG is configured to generate steam using the portion of exhaust gas or the treated exhaust gas.

7. The system of claim 1 , comprising a product conditioner having the catalyst bed, wherein the product conditioner is configured to treat the portion of exhaust gas.

8. The system of claim 7 , wherein the product conditioner comprises a plurality of catalyst beds.

9. The system of claim 8 , wherein the plurality of catalyst beds comprises a first catalyst bed disposed upstream of a second catalyst bed, wherein the system comprises an oxidant injection system configured to inject a catalyst bed oxidant downstream of the first catalyst bed, and wherein the first catalyst bed comprises a NOx catalyst configured to reduce a concentration of NOx in the portion of exhaust gas.

10. The system of claim 1 , comprising a gas composition sensor disposed downstream of the catalyst bed, wherein the gas composition sensor is configured to sense a gas concentration of at least one of oxygen, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, nitrogen oxides, or unburned hydrocarbons, or any combination thereof, and wherein the oxidant injection system is configured to adjust a catalyst bed oxidant flow rate of the catalyst bed oxidant, or a catalyst bed fuel flow rate of the oxidation fuel, or any combination thereof, based at least in part on the gas concentration.

11. The system of claim 1 , comprising an oxidant compressor configured to provide the oxidant to the gas turbine engine and the catalyst bed oxidant upstream of the catalyst bed.

12. The system of claim 1 , comprising an oxidant-to-fuel sensor configured to sense an oxidant-to-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas, wherein the oxidant-to-fuel ratio system is configured to adjust at least one of the oxidant flow rate of the oxidant, or the fuel flow rate of the fuel, or any combination thereof, based at least in part on the oxidant-to-fuel ratio.

13. The system of claim 1 , wherein the gas turbine engine is a stoichiometric exhaust gas recirculation (SEGR) gas turbine engine.

14. The system of claim 13 , comprising an exhaust gas extraction system coupled to the gas turbine engine, and a hydrocarbon production system coupled to the exhaust gas extraction system.

15. A method, comprising:
combusting an oxidant and a fuel in a gas turbine engine to generate an exhaust gas;
treating a portion of the exhaust gas from the gas turbine engine in a catalyst bed to generate a treated exhaust gas;
monitoring a first differential temperature between a first temperature of the portion of the exhaust gas upstream of the catalyst bed and a second temperature of the treated exhaust gas downstream of the catalyst bed using a first differential temperature monitor;
adjusting a parameter to maintain an efficacy of the catalyst bed based at least in part on the first differential temperature in order to maintain a target equivalence ratio using an oxidant-to-fuel ratio system;
injecting a catalyst bed oxidant upstream of the catalyst bed using an oxidant injection system, or injecting an oxidation fuel upstream of the catalyst bed using an oxidation fuel injection system, or any combination thereof;
monitoring a localized differential temperature between an inlet temperature of the exhaust gas and a localized outlet temperature of the treated exhaust gas downstream of an injection point of the catalyst bed oxidant, the oxidation fuel, or any combination thereof, using a localized differential temperature monitor; and
adjusting at least one of an oxidant flow rate of the oxidant, or a fuel flow rate of the fuel, or any combination thereof, based at least in part on a comparison of the localized differential temperature with the first differential temperature.

16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the parameter comprises at least one of the oxidant flow rate of the oxidant, the fuel flow rate of the fuel, an exhaust gas flow rate of the portion of exhaust gas, a recycle flow rate of exhaust gas recycled to the gas turbine engine, a temperature of the catalyst bed, a pressure of the catalyst bed, or a diluent flow rate of diluent to the catalyst bed, or any combination thereof.

17. The method of claim 16 , comprising at least one of adjusting the oxidant flow rate using an oxidant compressor, adjusting the oxidant flow rate by adjusting a speed of the oxidant compressor, adjusting the oxidant flow rate using an inlet guide vane of the oxidant compressor, adjusting the oxidant flow rate using an inlet control valve of the oxidant compressor, adjusting the oxidant flow rate using an outlet control valve of the oxidant compressor, adjusting a recycle of oxidant from the oxidant compressor, or adjusting a blow-off of oxidant from the oxidant compressor, or any combination thereof.

18. A system, comprising: a controller, comprising:
one or more tangible, non-transitory, machine-readable media collectively storing one or more sets of instructions; and
one or more processing devices configured to execute the one or more sets of instructions to:
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Assignees

• Gen Electric
• Exxonmobil Upstream Res Co

Inventors

• Huntington Richard A
• Dhanuka Sulabh K

Classifications

• F02C9/28

  Regulating systems responsive to plant or ambient parameters, e.g. temperature, pressure, rotor speed (F02C9/30 - F02C9/38, F02C9/44 take precedence) · CPC title

• F05D2220/32

  in gas turbines · CPC title

• F02C6/18

  using the waste heat of gas-turbine plants outside the plants themselves, e.g. gas-turbine power heat plants (using waste heat as source of energy for refrigeration plants F25B27/02; using the waste heat of a gasturbine for steam generation or in a steam cycle see F01K23/10) · CPC title

• F05D2270/08

  to produce clean exhaust gases · CPC title

• F01D25/30 Primary

  Exhaust heads, chambers, or the like · CPC title