Electrolyte generation within a fuel cell

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9748592-B2
Application number	US-201214374705-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Jan 26, 2012
Priority date	Jan 26, 2012
Publication date	Aug 29, 2017
Grant date	Aug 29, 2017

Abstract

An exemplary method of providing an electrolyte for a fuel cell comprises including a electrolyte precursor within a fuel cell. An electrolyte is generated within the fuel cell from the precursor. An exemplary fuel cell system includes a cell stack assembly. A manifold is associated with the cell stack assembly. An electrolyte precursor is within at least one of the cell stack assembly or manifold for generating an electrolyte within a fuel cell.

First claim

We claim:

1. A phosphoric acid fuel cell system, comprising:
a cell stack assembly;
at least one porous component having a plurality of pores; and
a plurality of granules of an electrolyte precursor within at least some of the pores of the porous component for generating an electrolyte within the fuel cell.

2. The fuel cell system of claim 1 , wherein the generated electrolyte comprises phosphoric acid.

3. The fuel cell system of claim 2 , wherein the electrolyte precursor comprises phosphorous pentoxide.

4. The fuel cell system of claim 1 , comprising a manifold associated with the cell stack assembly and wherein at least some electrolyte precursor is in the manifold.

5. The fuel cell system of claim 1 , wherein the cell stack assembly comprises a catalyst layer and an electrode layer, at least one of the catalyst layer or the electrode layer is the porous component and wherein the electrolyte precursor is in the at least one of the catalyst layer or the electrode layer.

6. The fuel cell system of claim 1 , wherein the cell stack assembly has a center of the stack and the electrolyte precursor is near the center of the stack.

7. The fuel cell system of claim 1 , wherein
the cell stack assembly includes a plurality of cells and at least one cooler plate;
first ones of the cells are spaced further from the cooler plate than second ones of the cells;
the first ones of the cells include a first amount of the electrolyte precursor; and
the second ones of the cells include a second, lower amount of the electrolyte precursor.

8. The fuel cell system of claim 1 , wherein the fuel cell comprises an acid condensation zone and the electrolyte precursor is in the acid condensation zone.

9. The fuel cell system of claim 1 , wherein the fuel cell comprises
a first zone prone to a first rate of acid evaporation;
a second, different zone prone to a second, lower rate of acid evaporation; and
wherein the electrolyte precursor is in the first zone.

10. The fuel cell system of claim 1 , wherein the fuel cell comprises an air flow conduit and the electrolyte precursor in the air flow conduit.

11. The fuel cell system of claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte precursor is situated in the fuel cell system where heat activates the electrolyte precursor for generating the electrolyte.

12. The fuel cell system of claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte precursor is situated in the fuel cell system where at least one of water or humidity activates the electrolyte precursor for generating the electrolyte.

13. The fuel cell system of claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte precursor is situated in the fuel cell system where a chemical activates the electrolyte precursor for generating the electrolyte.

14. The fuel cell system of claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte is different than the electrolyte precursor.

15. The fuel cell system of claim 1 , wherein
the cell stack assembly includes a plurality of electrolyte retaining matrices; and
the generated electrolyte in at least some of the electrolyte retaining matrices is used to facilitate an electrochemical reaction used for generating electricity.

16. The fuel cell system of claim 1 , wherein the generated electrolyte is a liquid electrolyte.

17. A phosphoric acid fuel cell, comprising:
a cathode;
an anode;
an electrolyte retaining matrix between the cathode and the anode;
at least one of the cathode, anode or electrolyte retaining matrix having a plurality of pores; and
a plurality of granules of an electrolyte precursor within at least some of the pores for generating a liquid electrolyte for use within the electrolyte retaining matrix for generating electricity.

18. The fuel cell of claim 17 , wherein the generated electrolyte comprises phosphoric acid.

19. The fuel cell of claim 18 , wherein the electrolyte precursor comprises phosphorous pentoxide.

20. The fuel cell of claim 17 , comprising an acid condensation zone and wherein the electrolyte precursor is in the acid condensation zone.

21. The fuel cell of claim 17 , comprising
a first zone prone to a first rate of acid evaporation;
a second, different zone prone to a second, lower rate of acid evaporation; and
wherein the electrolyte precursor is in the first zone.

22. The fuel cell of claim 17 , comprising an air flow conduit with at least some of the electrolyte precursor in the air flow conduit.

23. The fuel cell of claim 17 , wherein heat activates the electrolyte precursor for generating the electrolyte.

24. The fuel cell of claim 17 , wherein at least one of water or humidity activates the electrolyte precursor for generating the electrolyte.

25. The fuel cell of claim 17 , wherein a chemical activates the electrolyte precursor for generating the electrolyte.

Assignees

• Ramaswamy Sitaram
• Gorman Michael E
• Doosan Fuel Cell America Inc

Inventors

• Ramaswamy Sitaram
• Gorman Michael E

Classifications

• H01M2300/0008

  Phosphoric acid-based · CPC title

• H01M8/04007

  related to heat exchange · CPC title

• H01M8/086 Primary

  Phosphoric acid fuel cells [PAFC] · CPC title

• H01M8/04201

  Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes · CPC title

• Y02E60/50

  Fuel cells · CPC title