Hydromagnetic desalination cell, brine desalination system, and method of desalinating brine water using the desalination cell

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9701551-B2
Application number	US-201514969828-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Dec 15, 2015
Priority date	Dec 15, 2015
Publication date	Jul 11, 2017
Grant date	Jul 11, 2017

Abstract

A hydromagnetic desalination cell including at least one hollow rectangular flow conduit, a first rectangular magnet and a second rectangular magnet each having a north pole face and a south pole face opposite of each other, wherein the first and second rectangular magnets are disposed along a longitudinal axis and on opposite sides of the rectangular flow conduit, a first opening and a second opening on opposite walls of the rectangular flow conduit extending between the first and second rectangular magnets, and a first and second chamber fluidly connected to the first and second openings. A hydromagnetic desalination system and methods of desalinating brine water with the hydromagnetic desalination system are also disclosed.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. A hydromagnetic desalination cell, comprising:
at least one hollow rectangular flow conduit with a conduit inlet on a first end and a conduit outlet on a second end;
a first rectangular magnet and a second rectangular magnet each having a north pole face and a south pole face opposite of each other, wherein the first and second rectangular magnets are disposed along a longitudinal axis and on opposite sides of the rectangular flow conduit such that the north pole face of the first rectangular magnet contacts the rectangular flow conduit and the south pole face of the second rectangular magnet contacts the rectangular flow conduit;
a first opening and a second opening on opposite walls of the rectangular flow conduit extending between the first and second rectangular magnets;
a first chamber fluidly connected to the first opening of the rectangular flow conduit;
a second chamber fluidly connected to the second opening of the rectangular flow conduit;
a positive electrode connected to the first chamber; and
a negative electrode connected to the second chamber;
wherein the first and second rectangular magnets generate a magnetic field that causes cations to flow from the first opening of the rectangular flow conduit to the first chamber, and anions to flow from the second opening of the rectangular flow conduit to the second chamber.

2. The hydromagnetic desalination cell of claim 1 , wherein a distance between the north pole face of the first rectangular magnet and the south pole face of the second rectangular magnet ranges from 0.01-0.035 m.

3. The hydromagnetic desalination cell of claim 1 , wherein the first and second rectangular magnets are neodymium iron boride or samarium cobalt magnets.

4. The hydromagnetic desalination cell of claim 1 , wherein the hollow rectangular flow conduit has a rectangular cross section with a width dimension that is larger than a height dimension.

5. The hydromagnetic desalination cell of claim 1 , wherein the hollow rectangular flow conduit comprises a non-magnetic, non-conducting material.

6. The hydromagnetic desalination cell of claim 5 , wherein the non-magnetic, non-conducting material is polyvinyl chloride.

7. The hydromagnetic desalination cell of claim 1 , which comprises a plurality of stacked hollow rectangular flow conduits, wherein each hollow rectangular flow conduit is fluidly connected to the first chamber through the first opening and the second chamber through the second opening.

8. The hydromagnetic desalination cell of claim 7 , wherein the thickness of the first and second rectangular magnets are the same, and a distance between each stacked hollow rectangular flow conduit is equal to the thickness of the first and second rectangular magnet.

9. The hydromagnetic desalination cell of claim 8 , wherein the thickness of the first and second rectangular magnet ranges from 1-6 cm.

10. The hydromagnetic desalination cell of claim 1 , further comprising:
a third chamber with a brine discharge outlet, wherein the third chamber is located downstream of and is fluidly connected in parallel to the first chamber through a first chamber outlet line and the second chamber through a second chamber outlet line; and
wherein the cations from the first chamber and the anions from the second chamber combine in the third chamber and are expelled from the brine discharge outlet of the third chamber.

11. A hydromagnetic desalination system comprising:
the hydromagnetic desalination cell of claim 1 ;
an inlet tank comprising a first brine water comprising sodium cations, chloride anions, and water that is upstream of and fluidly connected to the conduit inlet through an inlet line, wherein the first brine water is flowed through the hydromagnetic desalination cell to separate the sodium cations into the first chamber through the first opening and the chloride anions into the second chamber through the second opening to produce desalinated water;
a desalinated water line;
a desalinated water reflex line that fluidly connects the conduit outlet to the inlet tank for recycling the desalinated water, wherein the desalinated water line and the desalinated water reflux line are fluidly connected in parallel to and downstream of the conduit outlet;
a hydrogen outlet line fluidly connected to and downstream of the first chamber;
a sodium hydroxide outlet line fluidly connected to and downstream of the first chamber; and
a chlorine outlet line fluidly connected to and downstream of the second chamber;
wherein the desalinated water has a concentration of sodium cations and chloride anions that is less than that of the first brine water; and
wherein the positive electrode is electrically connected to the negative electrode through an external circuit to form hydrogen in the first chamber that flows through the hydrogen outlet line, sodium hydroxide in the first chamber that flows through the sodium hydroxide line, and chlorine in the second chamber that flows through the chlorine outlet line.

12. The hydromagnetic desalination system of claim 11 , further comprising
a first flow valve positioned in the desalinated water line downstream of the conduit outlet, and
a second flow valve positioned in the desalinated water reflux line downstream of the conduit outlet,
wherein the first flow valve and the second flow valve may be adjusted so that the desalinated water is flowed through the desalinated water line and collected, is returned to the inlet tank through the desalinated water reflex line, or both.

13. A method of desalinating the first brine water with the hydromagnetic desalination system of claim 11 , comprising:
flowing the first brine water through the hydromagnetic desalination cell to produce the desalinated water in the desalinated water line and collecting a portion of the desalinated water;
recycling a portion of the desalinated water to the inlet tank through the desalinated water reflex line;
connecting the positive electrode to the negative electrode through the external circuit and delivering electricity to the external circuit; and
electrolyzing the first brine water to form hydrogen and sodium hydroxide in the first chamber, and chlorine in the second chamber, and collecting the hydrogen through the hydrogen outlet line, the sodium hydroxide through the sodium hydroxide outlet line, and the chlorine through the chlorine outlet line.

14. A hydromagnetic desalination system, comprising:
a hydromagnetic desalination cell comprising
at least one hollow rectangular flow conduit with a conduit inlet on a first end and a conduit outlet on a second end,
a first rectangular magnet and a second rectangular magnet each having a north pole face and a south pole face opposite of each other, wherein the first and second rectangular magnets are disposed along a longitudinal axis and on opposite sides of the rectangular flow conduit such that the north pole face of the first rectangular magnet contacts the rectangular flow conduit and the south pole face of the second rectangular magnet contacts the rectangular flow conduit,
a first opening and a second opening on opposite walls of the rectangular flow conduit extending between the first and second rectangular magnets,
a first chamber fluidly connected to the first opening of the rectangular flow conduit, and
a second chamber fluidly connected to the second opening of the rectangular flow conduit,
wherein the first and second rectangular magnets generate a magnetic field that causes cations to flow from the first opening of the rectangular flow conduit to the first chamber, and anions to flow from the

Assignees

• Univ King Fahd Pet & Minerals

Inventors

• Elshafei Moustafa

Classifications

• C25B5/00

  Electrogenerative processes, i.e. processes for producing compounds in which electricity is generated simultaneously · CPC title

• C02F1/484 Primary

  using electromagnets · CPC title

• C25B1/34

  Simultaneous production of alkali metal hydroxides and chlorine, oxyacids or salts of chlorine, e.g. by chlor-alkali electrolysis · CPC title

• C02F1/481 Primary

  using permanent magnets · CPC title

• C25B1/04

  by electrolysis of water · CPC title