Nozzle and device for high-speed generation of uniform nanoparticles

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9700990-B2
Application number	US-201314651964-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Oct 25, 2013
Priority date	Dec 18, 2012
Publication date	Jul 11, 2017
Grant date	Jul 11, 2017

Abstract

A nozzle, a device, and a method for high-speed generation of uniform nanoparticles allow a particle generation gas formed of carbon dioxide to pass through the nozzle, thereby forming uniform nanoparticles at high speed. An orifice that adjusts an opening and closing cross-sectional area of a throat of the nozzle is provided to cause uniform nuclei generation without an additional cooling device, a dilating portion that has a cross-sectional area and a dilation angle increasing toward an outlet side of the nozzle is provided to grow the nuclei through a first dilation portion (having a relatively gradual dilation angle) and thus cause particle generation, and the generated particles are accelerated through a second dilating portion that has a steeper dilation angle than the first dilating portion.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. A nozzle for generating high-speed, uniform nanoparticles by passing a particle generation gas formed of carbon dioxide through the nozzle, the nozzle comprising:
a dilating portion of a shape increasing a cross-sectional area toward an outlet side of the nozzle; and
an orifice provided at, an inlet of the dilating portion to expand the particle generation gas,
wherein the dilating portion sequentially includes a first dilating portion and a second dilating portion, and an average dilation angle of the second dilating portion is wider than a dilation angle of the first dilating portion,
wherein a connection portion for connecting the second dilating portion to the first dilating portion is formed to have a same dilation angle as the dilation angle of an outlet side of the first dilating portion, and
wherein the connection portion is formed to gradually increase the dilation angle toward a center of the second dilating portion and decrease the dilation angle from the center toward the outlet side.

2. The nozzle according to claim 1 , wherein the first dilating portion has a dilation angle of 0° to 30°, and the second dilating portion has an average dilation angle increased by 10° to 45° compared with the dilation angle of the first dilating portion.

3. The nozzle according to claim 2 , further comprising a third dilating portion connected to an outlet of the second dilating portion, wherein the third dilating portion has a dilation angle increased by 10° to 45° compared with the average dilation angle of the second dilating portion and lower than 90° in maximum.

4. The nozzle according to claim 1 , further comprising a heat insulation unit wrapping an outer surface of the nozzle.

5. A device for generating high-speed uniform nanoparticles by passing a particle generation gas formed of carbon dioxide through a nozzle,
wherein the nozzle comprises a dilating portion having a cross-sectional area and a dilation angle increasing toward an outlet side of the nozzle,
wherein the dilating portion sequentially includes a first dilating portion and a second dilating portion respectively having a dilation angle different from each other, and an average dilation angle of the second dilating portion is wider than a dilation angle of the first dilating portion,
wherein the particle generation gas is supplied after being mixed with a carrier gas, and the device further comprises a mixing chamber for adjusting a mixing ratio between the particle generation gas and the carrier gas,
wherein the carrier gas is formed of nitrogen, helium or air, and the mixing ratio is adjusted to make a volume ratio or mass ratio of the carrier gas between 10% and 99%,
wherein the device further comprises a pressure controller for adjusting pressure of supplying a mixture gas formed by mixing the particle generation gas and the carrier gas, wherein the particle generation gas is supplied to the nozzle at a pressure of 5 bar to 120 bar,
wherein a connection portion for connecting the second dilating portion to the first dilating portion is formed to have a same dilation angle as the dilation angle of an outlet side of the first dilating portion, and
wherein the connection portion is formed to gradually increase the dilation angle toward a center of the second dilating portion and decrease the dilation angle from the center toward the outlet side.

6. The device according to claim 5 , further comprising an orifice positioned at a nozzle throat of the nozzle to adjust an opening and closing cross-sectional area of the nozzle throat.

7. The device according to claim 5 , wherein the first dilating portion has a dilation angle of 0° to 30°, and the second dilating portion has an average dilation angle increased by 10° to 45° compared with the dilation angle of the first dilating portion.

8. The device according to claim 7 , further comprising a third dilating portion connected to an outlet of the second dilating portion, wherein the third dilating portion has a dilation angle increased by 10° to 45° compared with the average dilation angle of the second dilating portion and lower than 90° in maximum.

9. A device for generating high-speed uniform nano articles by passing a particle generation gas formed of carbon dioxide through a nozzle,
wherein the nozzle comprises a dilating portion having a cross-sectional area and a dilation angle, increasing toward an outlet side of the nozzle,
wherein the dilating portion sequentially includes a first dilating portion and a second dilating portion respectively having a dilation angle different from each other, and an average dilation angle of the second dilating portion is wider than a dilation angle of the first dilating portion,
wherein the device further comprises a pressure controller for adjusting pressure of supplying the particle generation gas, wherein the particle generation gas is supplied to the nozzle at a pressure of 5 bar to 60 bar,
wherein a connection portion for connecting the second dilating portion to the first dilating portion is formed to have a same dilation angle as the dilation angle of an outlet side of the first dilating portion, and
wherein the connection portion is formed to gradually increase the dilation angle toward a center of the second dilating portion and decrease the dilation angle from the center toward the outlet side.

Assignees

• Postech Academy-Industry Found

Inventors

• Lee Jin Won
• Kim In Ho

Classifications

• B24C1/003 Primary

  using material which dissolves or changes phase after the treatment, e.g. ice, CO2 · CPC title

• B24C5/04

  Nozzles therefor (nozzles in general B05B) · CPC title

• H10P52/00 Primary

  Grinding, lapping or polishing of wafers, substrates or parts of devices · CPC title

• B05B1/10

  in the form of a fine jet, e.g. for use in wind-screen washers · CPC title