Electrolytes for magnesium electrochemical cells

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9698448-B2
Application number	US-201514690961-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Apr 20, 2015
Priority date	Apr 20, 2015
Publication date	Jul 4, 2017
Grant date	Jul 4, 2017

Abstract

An electrochemical cell includes a high voltage cathode configured to operate at 1.5 volts or greater; an anode including Mg 0 ; and an electrolyte including an ether solvent and a magnesium salt; wherein: a concentration of the magnesium salt in the ether is 1 M or greater.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. An electrochemical cell comprising:
a high voltage cathode configured to operate at 1.5 volts or greater;
an anode comprising Mg 0 ; and
an electrolyte comprising an ether solvent and a magnesium salt;
wherein:
a concentration of the magnesium salt in the ether is 1 M or greater; and
the magnesium salt comprises Mg(CF 3 SO 3 ) 2 ; Mg(CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 ; Mg(C(CF 3 SO 2 ) 3 ) 2 ; Mg(B(C 6 F 5 ) 4 ) 2 ; Mg(B(C 6 H 5 ) 4 ) 2 ; Mg(N(SO 2 CF 2 CF 3 ) 2 ) 2 ; Mg(BF 3 C 2 F 5 ) 2 ; or Mg(PF 3 (CF 2 CF 3 ) 3 ) 2 .

2. The electrochemical cell of claim 1 , wherein the concentration of the magnesium salt in the ether is from 1 M to 4 M.

3. The electrochemical cell of claim 1 , wherein the concentration of the magnesium salt in the ether is from 1 M to 2 M.

4. The electrochemical cell of claim 1 , wherein the concentration of the magnesium salt in the ether is about 1.5 M.

5. The electrochemical cell of claim 1 , wherein the cathode is configured to operate at 2 volts or greater.

6. The electrochemical cell of claim 1 , wherein the cathode is configured to operate at 3 volts or greater.

7. The electrochemical cell of claim 1 , wherein the cathode comprises a metal oxide.

8. The electrochemical cell of claim 1 , wherein the cathode comprises MnO 2 , V 2 O 5 , or V 6 O 13 .

9. The electrochemical cell of claim 1 , wherein the ether solvent comprises tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyl tetrahydrofuran, dimethoxyethane, glyme, monoglyme, dimethyl glycol, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethyl ether, ethyl glyme, diglyme, proglyme, ethyl diglyme, triglyme, butyl diglyme, tetraglyme, polyglyme, or higlyme.

10. The electrochemical cell of claim 1 , wherein the ether solvent comprises diglyme, proglyme, ethyl diglyme, triglyme, butyl diglyme, tetraglyme, polyglyme, or higlyme.

11. An electrochemical cell comprising:
a high voltage cathode configured to operate at 1.5 volts or greater, the high voltage cathode comprising MnO 2 , V 2 O 5 , or V 6 O 13 ;
an anode comprising Mg 0 ; and
an electrolyte comprising an ether solvent and a magnesium salt;
wherein:
the electrochemical cell is void of a Grignard electrolyte;
a concentration of the magnesium salt in the ether is 1 M or greater; and
the magnesium salt comprises Mg[B(C 2 O 4 ) 2 ] 2 ; Mg[BF 2 (C 2 O 4 )] 2 ; Mg(ClO 4 ) 2 , Mg(BF 4 ) 2 ; Mg(PF 6 ) 2 ; Mg(AsF 6 ) 2 ; Mg(SbF 6 ) 2 ; MgBr 2 ; Mg(CF 3 SO 3 ) 2 ; Mg(CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 ; Mg(C(CF 3 SO 2 ) 3 ) 2 ; Mg(B(C 6 F 5 ) 4 ) 2 ; Mg(B(C 6 H 5 ) 4 ) 2 ; Mg(N(SO 2 CF 2 CF 3 ) 2 ) 2 ; Mg(N(SO 2 C 2 F 5 ) 2 ) 2 ; Mg(BF 3 C 2 F 5 ) 2 ; or Mg(PF 3 (CF 2 CF 3 ) 3 ) 2 .

12. The electrochemical cell of claim 11 , wherein the concentration of the magnesium salt in the ether is from 1 M to 4 M.

13. The electrochemical cell of claim 11 , wherein the magnesium salt comprises Mg(CF 3 SO 3 ) 2 ; Mg(CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 ;—Mg(C(CF 3 SO 2 ) 3 ) 2 ; Mg(B(C 6 F 5 ) 4 ) 2 ; Mg(B(C 6 H 5 ) 4 ) 2 ; Mg(N(SO 2 CF 2 CF 3 ) 2 ) 2 ; Mg(BF 3 C 2 F 5 ) 2 ; or Mg(PF 3 (CF 2 CF 3 ) 3 ) 2 .

14. The electrochemical cell of claim 1 , wherein the ether solvent consists of diglyme.

15. The electrochemical cell of claim 1 , wherein the electrochemical cell is void of a Grignard reagent.

Assignees

• Uchicago Argonne Llc

Inventors

• Burrell Anthony K
• Sa Niya
• Proffit Danielle Lee
• Lipson Albert
• Liao Chen
• Vaughey John T
• Ingram Brian J

Classifications

• H01M10/0569 Primary

  characterised by the solvents · CPC title

• H01M4/485

  of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy (H01M4/505, H01M4/525 take precedence) · CPC title

• H01M10/054

  Accumulators with insertion or intercalation of metals other than lithium, e.g. with magnesium or aluminium · CPC title

• H01M10/0568

  characterised by the solutes · CPC title

• Y02E60/10

  Energy storage using batteries · CPC title