Waveguides comprising light scattering surfaces and display devices comprising the same

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9690033-B2
Application number	US-201615085235-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Mar 30, 2016
Priority date	Mar 31, 2015
Publication date	Jun 27, 2017
Grant date	Jun 27, 2017

Abstract

Disclosed herein are waveguides comprising at least one scattering surface, a periodicity ranging from about 0.5 μm to about 2 μm, and an RMS roughness ranging from about 20 nm to about 60 nm. Single-layer waveguides having a thickness ranging from about 1 μm to about 100 μm are disclosed herein as well as multi-layer waveguides comprising at least one high index layer and optionally at least one low index layer. Lighting and display devices and OLEDs comprising such waveguides are further disclosed herein as well as methods for making the waveguides.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A waveguide comprising:
(a) first and second opposing scattering surfaces;
(b) a thickness ranging from about 1 μm to about 100 μm;
(b) a periodicity ranging from about 0.5 μm to about 2 μm; and
(c) an RMS roughness ranging from about 20 nm to about 60 nm.

2. The waveguide of claim 1 , wherein the waveguide comprises a material having a refractive index of at least about 2.

3. The waveguide of claim 1 , wherein the waveguide is a sheet of zirconia.

4. The waveguide of claim 1 , wherein the waveguide comprises a grain size ranging from about 200 nm to about 500 nm.

5. The waveguide of claim 1 , wherein the waveguide comprises a density greater than about 3 g/cm 3 .

6. The waveguide of claim 1 , further comprising a planarizer layer disposed on one or both of the first and second scattering surfaces.

7. The waveguide of claim 6 , wherein the planarizer layer has a thickness of less than about 500 nm and an RMS roughness of less than about 30 nm.

8. An organic light-emitting diode comprising the waveguide of claim 1 .

9. A method for making a waveguide, comprising:
forming a green body from batch materials comprising at least one component having a refractive index of at least about 1.8, and optionally at least one additive chosen from dispersants, binders, and solvents; and
sintering the green body at a temperature greater than about 1000° C. to form a waveguide having two scattering surfaces,
wherein the waveguide comprises:
(a) a thickness ranging from about 1 μm to about 100 μm;
(b) a periodicity ranging from about 0.5 μm to about 2 μm; and
(c) an RMS roughness ranging from about 20 nm to about 60 nm.

10. The method of claim 9 , wherein forming the green body comprises tape casting, slot coating, spin coating, or dip coating the batch materials.

11. The method of claim 9 , wherein the at least one component comprises zirconia nanoparticles.

12. The method of claim 9 , further comprising applying a planarizer layer to one or both of the scattering surfaces.

13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the planarizer layer is applied by spin coating, dip coating, or vacuum deposition methods.

14. The method of claim 9 , further comprising heating the green body to a second temperature ranging from about 250° C. to about 700° C. prior to sintering.

15. A waveguide having at least one scattering surface, the waveguide comprising:
a substrate; and
at least one first layer comprising a first material having a refractive index of at least about 1.8 and having a thickness ranging from about 300 nm to about 10 μm; and
optionally at least one second layer comprising a second material having a refractive index of less than about 1.8 and having a thickness of less than about 100 nm,
wherein the waveguide comprises a periodicity ranging from about 0.5 μm to about 2 μm; and
wherein the at least one scattering surface comprises an RMS roughness ranging from about 20 nm to about 60 nm.

16. The waveguide of claim 15 , wherein the first layer comprises zirconia.

17. The waveguide of claim 15 , wherein the first layer comprises a density greater than about 3 g/cm 3 .

18. The waveguide of claim 15 , wherein the first and second layers are arranged in alternating fashion.

19. The waveguide of claim 15 , further comprising a planarizer layer having a thickness of less than about 500 nm and an RMS roughness of less than about 20 nm.

20. An organic light-emitting diode comprising the waveguide of claim 15 .

21. A method for making a waveguide, comprising:
coating a substrate with a first mixture comprising a first component having a refractive index of at least about 1.8;
optionally coating the substrate with a second mixture comprising a second component having a refractive index of less than about 1.8; and
heat treating the coated substrate at a temperature greater than about 250° C. to form a waveguide having at least one scattering surface.

22. The method of claim 21 , wherein the first component comprises zirconia nanoparticles.

23. The method of claim 21 , wherein coating the substrate with the first or second mixture comprises slot coating, spin coating, or dip coating.

24. The method of claim 21 , further comprising applying a planarizer layer to the waveguide, wherein the planarizer layer has a thickness of less than about 500 nm and an RMS roughness of less than about 20 nm.

25. The method of claim 21 , wherein the first and second mixtures are coated onto the substrate in alternating fashion.

26. The method of claim 21 , wherein the coating comprising the first material has a thickness ranging from about 300 nm to about 10 μm and the coating comprising the second material has a thickness of less than about 100 nm.

27. A waveguide comprising:
n first layers comprising a first material having a first refractive index;
2n-1 scattering surfaces comprising an RMS roughness ranging from about 20 nm to about 60 nm;
n-1 second layers comprising a second material having a second refractive index lower than the first refractive index; and
a planarizer layer having an RMS roughness of less than about 20 nm,
wherein n is greater than or equal to 1.

28. An organic light-emitting diode comprising the multi-layer waveguide of claim 27 and an organic light-emitting layer in contact with the planarizer layer of the multi-layer waveguide.

Assignees

• Corning Inc

Inventors

• Baker David Eugene
• Maurey Pamela Arlene
• Nolan Daniel Aloysius
• Quesada Mark Alejandro
• Senaratne Wageesha

Classifications

• H10K50/854

  comprising scattering means · CPC title

• H10K59/877

  comprising scattering means · CPC title

• G02B6/0043 Primary

  provided on the surface of the light guide · CPC title

• H01L51/5262

  Electricity · mapped topic

• H01L51/5268

  Electricity · mapped topic