Lube base oil comprising X-type diester acid dimer and method for preparing the same

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9688936-B2
Application number	US-201514877181-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Oct 7, 2015
Priority date	Oct 7, 2014
Publication date	Jun 27, 2017
Grant date	Jun 27, 2017

Abstract

The present invention relates to a preparation method of a lube base oil including a conversion of biomass fat to a fatty acid; a separation of a C18 unsaturated fatty acid from the fatty acid; a maximization of an oleic acid content through partial hydrotreating of the C18 unsaturated fatty acid; a synthesis of a dimer or higher-order oligomer through an oligomerization of the oleic acid; and an esterification of the oligomer, and relates to a lube base oil prepared therefrom. The lube base oil of the present invention contains an x-type diester dimer and has an excellent low-temperature stability and a high biodegradability resulting from its chemical structure, thus being ecofriendly.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A preparation method of a lube base oil, the method comprising:
converting biomass fat to a fatty acid;
separating a C18 unsaturated fatty acid from the fatty acid;
maximizing an oleic acid content through partial hydrotreating of the C18 unsaturated fatty acid;
synthesizing an oligomer which is a dimer or a higher-order oligomer through an oligomerization of the oleic acid; and
esterifying the oligomer,
wherein the lube base oil includes an x-type diester dimer represented by the following Chemical Formula 1:

where in the Chemical Formula 1, R represents an alkyl group, a ketone group, an aldehyde group or an ester group having 1 to 12 carbons.

2. The preparation method of claim 1 , wherein the oligomer contains an x-type dicarboxylic acid dimer represented by the following Chemical Formula 2 at about 10 to about 100 wt %

3. The preparation method of claim 2 , wherein the x-type dicarboxylic acid dimer represented by the above Chemical Formula 2 has a yield of 30% or more.

4. The preparation method of claim 1 further comprising:
selectively separating an x-type dicarboxylic acid dimer from the synthesized oligomer by a fractional distillation method after synthesizing the oligomer.

5. The preparation method of claim 1 , wherein the C18 unsaturated fatty acid includes oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid.

6. The preparation method of claim 1 , wherein the partial hydrotreating is carried out in a presence of a supported catalyst, in which a water-resistant carrier is supported by NiMo, CoMo or Mo metals, under a condition of a reaction temperature of about 160 to about 180° C. and a reaction pressure of about 20 to about 40 bars.

7. The preparation method of claim 6 , wherein the water-resistant carrier is ZrO 2 or TiO 2 .

8. The preparation method of claim 1 , wherein the oleic acid content in the C18 unsaturated fatty acid is about 90% or more as a result of the partial hydrotreating.

9. The preparation method of claim 1 , wherein the oligomerization is carried out at a reaction temperature of about 180 to about 250° C. in a presence of a cationic polymerization catalyst and the cationic polymerization catalyst is a catalyst based on a zeolite, a montmorillonite or kaolin.

10. The preparation method of claim 1 , wherein the esterifying is the synthesized oligomer reacting with an alcohol-based compound so that a fatty acid of the synthesized oligomer reacts with a hydroxyl group of the alcohol-based compound in an esterification reaction.

11. The preparation method of claim 10 , wherein the esterification reaction is carried out in a presence of an acid catalyst or base catalyst at a reaction temperature of about 30 to about 120° C., the acid catalyst is sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ), perchloric acid (HClO 4 ), nitric acid (HNO 3 ) or hydrochloric acid (HCl), having a purity of about 95% or more, and the base catalyst is potassium hydroxide (KOH), sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or sodium methoxide (CH 3 ONa), having a purity of about 95% or more.

12. The preparation method of claim 11 , wherein the oligomer and the acid catalyst are mixed in a weight ratio of about 1:about 0.01 to about 1:about 20 for the esterification reaction.

13. A lube base oil comprising an x-type diester dimer which is represented by the following Chemical Formula 1:

where in the Chemical Formula 1, R represents an alkyl group, a ketone group, an aldehyde group or an ester group having 1 to 12 carbons.

14. The lube base oil of claim 13 having a pour point of about −50 to about −35° C. and a viscosity index of about 115 to about 135.

Assignees

• Sk Innovation Co Ltd
• Sk Lubricants Co Ltd

Inventors

• Jeon Hee Jung
• Kim Yong Woo

Classifications

• C10N2030/64

  Environmental friendly compositions · CPC title

• C10N2020/02

  Viscosity; Viscosity index · CPC title

• C10N2020/067

  Unsaturated Compounds · CPC title

• C10M2207/2825

  used as base material · CPC title

• C10M177/00

  Special methods of preparation of lubricating compositions; Chemical modification by after-treatment of components or of the whole of a lubricating composition, not covered by other classes · CPC title