Negative electrode active material for non-lithium secondary battery, method of preparing the same, negative electrode for non-lithium secondary battery including the same, and non-lithium secondary battery including the negative electrode

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9640799-B2
Application number	US-201414537965-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Nov 11, 2014
Priority date	May 13, 2014
Publication date	May 2, 2017
Grant date	May 2, 2017

Abstract

A negative electrode active material for a non-lithium secondary battery, the negative electrode active material including a complex including a hard carbon having a specific surface area of about 50 square meters per gram or less and a ratio of a D-band peak intensity to a G-band peak intensity of 1 or less when analyzed by Raman spectroscopy; and a component including at least one selected from a Group 1 element, an oxide of a Group 1 element, a Group 2 element, an oxide of a Group 2 element, an element of Groups 13 to 16, an oxide of an element of Groups 13 to 16, and an oxide of an element of Groups 3 to 12.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A negative electrode active material for a non-lithium secondary battery, the negative electrode active material comprising a complex comprising:
a hard carbon having a specific surface area of about 50 square meters per gram or less and a ratio of a D-band peak intensity to a G-band peak intensity of about 1 or less when analyzed by Raman spectroscopy; and
a component comprising at least one selected from a Group 1 element, an oxide of a Group 1 element, a Group 2 element, an oxide of a Group 2 element, an element of Groups 13 to 16, an oxide of an element of Groups 13 to 16, and an oxide of an element of Groups 3 to 12;
wherein an average particle diameter of the hard carbon is in a range of about 1 nanometer to about 10 nanometers.

2. The negative electrode active material of claim 1 , wherein the component comprises at least one selected from an alkali metal, an oxide of an alkali metal, an alkaline-earth metal, an oxide of an alkaline-earth metal, a post-transition metal, an oxide of a post-transition metal, a metalloid, an oxide of a metalloid, and a transition metal oxide.

3. The negative electrode active material of claim 1 , wherein the component is at least one selected from antimony (Sb), an antimony (Sb) alloy, tin (Sn), a tin (Sn) alloy, lead (Pb), magnesium (Mg), a magnesium (Mg) alloy, calcium (Ca), germanium (Ge), rubidium (Rb), a tin oxide of the formula SnO x wherein 0≦x≦2, an antimony oxide, a magnesium oxide, a germanium oxide, a titanium oxide, a vanadium oxide, a silicon oxide, and a molybdenum oxide.

4. The negative electrode active material of claim 1 , wherein an amount of the hard carbon is in a range of about 0.3 part to about 97 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the total weight of the complex.

5. The negative electrode active material of claim 1 , wherein the specific surface area of the hard carbon is in a range of about 10 square meters per gram to about 50 square meters per gram.

6. The negative electrode active material of claim 1 , wherein the specific surface area of the hard carbon is in a range of about 10 square meters per gram to about 30 square meters per gram.

7. The negative electrode active material of claim 1 , wherein the component of the complex comprises a layer of the hard carbon on a surface of the component.

8. The negative electrode active material of claim 1 , wherein the complex is in the form of secondary particles, which are agglomerates of primary particles, and wherein an average particle diameter of the secondary particles is in a range of about 1 micrometer to about 5 micrometers.

9. The negative electrode active material of claim 1 , wherein the component is at least one selected from antimony (Sb), a titanium oxide, a tin oxide of the formula SnO x wherein 0≦x≦2, a tin-iron alloy, phosphorus, a tin-antimony alloy, and a silicon oxide.

10. The negative electrode active material of claim 1 , wherein the component is magnesium or a magnesium alloy.

11. The negative electrode active material of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of the D-band peak intensity to the G-band peak intensity is in a range of about 0.9 to about 1.

12. The negative electrode active material of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of the D-band peak intensity to the G-band peak intensity is in a range of about 0.95 to about 0.99.

13. A method of preparing a negative electrode active material for a non-lithium secondary battery, the method comprising:
mixing a hard carbon having a specific surface area of about 50 square meters per gram or less and a ratio of a D-band peak intensity to a G-band peak intensity of about 1 or less when analyzed by Raman spectroscopy, with a component comprising at least one selected from a Group 1 element, an oxide of a Group 1 element, a Group 2 element, an oxide of a Group 2 element, an element of Groups 13 to 16, and an oxide of an element of Groups 13 to 16, and an oxide of an element of Groups 3 to 12 at about 1000 revolutions per minute or less to form a complex to prepare the negative electrode active material, wherein an average particle diameter of the hard carbon is in a range of about 1 nanometer to about 10 nanometers.

14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the mixing is performed by mechanical milling in an inert gas atmosphere.

15. The method of claim 13 , wherein the mixing is performed for about 2 hours or less.

16. A negative electrode for a non-lithium secondary battery, the negative electrode comprising a negative electrode active material layer comprising the negative electrode active material of claim 1 .

17. A non-lithium secondary battery comprising the negative electrode of claim 16 .

18. A sodium secondary battery comprising the negative electrode of claim 16 .

19. A magnesium secondary battery comprising the negative electrode of claim 16 .

20. The negative electrode active material of claim 1 , wherein the hard carbon has a ratio of a D-band peak intensity to a G-band peak intensity of about 0.9 to about 1.

Assignees

• Samsung Electronics Co Ltd

Inventors

• Lee Jaemyung
• Ku Junhwan
• Lee Seoksoo
• Chang Wonseok
• Jung Daeryong

Classifications

• H01M4/48

  of inorganic oxides or hydroxides · CPC title

• H01M10/054

  Accumulators with insertion or intercalation of metals other than lithium, e.g. with magnesium or aluminium · CPC title

• H01M4/587

  for inserting or intercalating light metals · CPC title

• H01M4/583

  Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx · CPC title

• H01M4/62

  Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers · CPC title