Stabilized blends containing friction modifiers

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9631160-B2
Application number	US-201214114761-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	May 22, 2012
Priority date	May 26, 2011
Publication date	Apr 25, 2017
Grant date	Apr 25, 2017

Abstract

The present invention relates to functional fluid compositions containing friction modifiers, and specifically stable compositions containing friction modifiers with limited solubility in and/or limited compatibility with the functional fluids with which they are used. In particular the present invention deals with functional fluids used in internal combustion engines, such as engine oils, and friction modifiers that contain one or more amide functional groups, where the friction modifier is present in the functional fluid composition at levels that would otherwise cause the composition to be unstable and/or hazy.

First claim

We claim:

1. A composition comprising:
(a) a medium comprising a solvent, a functional fluid, an additive concentrate or combinations thereof; and
(b) greater than 0.2 percent to about 10 percent by weight of a friction modifier component comprising oleamide or stearylamide; and
(c) about 0.5 to about 20 percent by weight of a stabilizing component that is soluble in (a) and that interacts with (b) such that (b)'s solubility in (a) is improved, said stabilizing component comprising:
(i) a quaternary ammonium salt comprising the reaction product of (a) an 800-1600 Mn polyisobutylene-substituted succinic anhydride with a polvalkylene polyamine, quaternized using (b) a hydrocarbyl epoxide in combination with an acid or mixtures thereof, or
(iii) a poly(hydroxycarboxylic acid) amide salt derivative represented by the formula [Y—CO[O-A-CO] n —Z r —R + ] m pX q− wherein Y is hydrogen, a hydrocarbyl group or a substituted hydrocarbyl group, A is a divalent hydrocarbyl group, n is from 1 to 100, m is from 1 to 4, q is from 1 to 4 and p is an integer such that pq=m, Z is a divalent bridging group which is attached to the carbonyl group through a nitrogen atom, r is 0 or 1, R + is an ammonium group and X q− is an anion, wherein the poly(hydroxycarboxyl acid) is a condensation product of 12-hydroxystearic acid, ricinoleic acid, 12-hydroxy dodecanoic acid, 5-hydroxy dodecanoic acid, 5-hydroxy decanoic acid, 4-hydroxy decanoic acid, 10-hydroxy undecanoic acid, or combinations thereof; or
(vi) a low molecular weight acylated nitrogen compound derived from an alkyl succinic anhydride and an alkanolamine comprising N,N-dimethvlaminopropanol, N,N-diethvlaminopropanol, N,N-dimethyl ethanolamine, or N,N-diethvlaminobutanol, wherein the alkyl group contains from about 4 to about 18 carbon atoms;

wherein components (b) and (c), or (b) alone, are present in component (a) in the form of dispersed particles having an average diameter of less than 10 microns; and
wherein the stabilizing component comprises a compound having at least one hydrogen-donating group, a least one hydrogen-accepting group, and at least one hydrocarbyl group, where the hydrogen-donating group and the hydrogen-accepting group are not separated by more than 8 bonds, wherein said bonds include covalent and ionic bonds.

2. The composition of claim 1 wherein the hydrocarbyl-substituted compound having a tertiary amino group used to prepare the quaternary salt comprises:
(1) the condensation product of a hydrocarbyl-substituted acylating agent and a compound having an oxygen or nitrogen atom capable of condensing with said acylating agent and said condensation product further having a tertiary amino group;
(2) a polyalkene-substituted amine having at least one tertiary amino group;
(3) a Mannich reaction product having a tertiary amino group, said Mannich reaction product being prepared from the reaction of a hydrocarbyl-substituted phenol, an aldehyde, and an amine;
(4) a polyester containing a tertiary amino group;
or any combination thereof.

3. The composition of claim 1 wherein the turbidity of the overall composition is improved, as defined by a lower JTU and/or NTU value compared to the same composition that does not contain (c), the stabilizing component.

4. The composition of claim 1 wherein (b), the friction modifier component, comprises a compound represented by the formula:

wherein: X 4 is an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom; and each R 2 and R 3 is independently a hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl group.

5. The composition of claim 1 wherein the friction modifier further comprises a compound derived from a hydroxy-carboxylic acid.

6. The composition of claim 1 wherein the friction modifier further comprises oleyl tartrimide, stearyl tartrimide, 2-ethylhexyl tartrate, or combinations thereof.

7. The composition of claim 1 wherein the amount of component (b) in the overall composition is at least 0.5 percent by weight.

8. A process of preparing a clear and stable composition comprising:
(a) a medium comprising a solvent, a functional fluid, an additive concentrate, or combinations thereof; and
(b) greater than 0.2 percent to about 10 percent by weight of a friction modifier component comprising oleamide or stearvlamide; and
(c) about 0.5 to about 20 percent by weight of a stabilizing component that is soluble in (a) and that interacts with (b) such that (b)'s solubility in (a) is improved;
said method comprising the steps of:
I. adding components (b) and (c) to component (a);
II. mixing the components so that components (b) are present in component (a) in the form of dispersed particles having an average diameter of less than 10 microns; and
wherein the stabilizing component comprises a compound having at least one hydrogendonating group, a least one hydrogen-accepting group, and at least one hydrocarbyl group, where the hydrogen-donating group and the hydrogen-accepting group are not separated by more than 8 bonds, wherein said bonds include covalent and ionic bonds, said stabilizing component comprising:
(i) a quaternary ammonium salt comprising the reaction product of (a) an 800-1600 Mn polyisobutylene-substituted succinic anhydride with a polyalkylene polyamine, quaternized using (b) a hydrocarbyl epoxide in combination with an acid or mixtures thereof, or
(iii) a poly(hydroxycarboxylic acid) amide salt derivative represented by the formula [Y—CO[O-A-CO] n —Z r —R + ] m pX q− wherein Y is hydrogen, a hydrocarbyl group or a substituted hydrocarbyl group, A is a divalent hydrocarbyl group, n is from 1 to 100, m is from 1 to 4, q is from 1 to 4 and p is an integer such that pq=m, Z is a divalent bridging group which is attached to the carbonyl group through a nitrogen atom, r is 0 or 1, R + is an ammonium group and X q− is an anion, wherein the poly(hydroxycarboxyl acid) is a condensation product of 12-hydroxystearic acid, ricinoleic acid, 12-hydroxydodecanoic acid, 5-hydroxydodecanoic acid, 5-hydroxydecanoic acid, 4-hydroxydecanoic acid, 10-hydroxyundecanoic acid, or combinations thereof; or
(vi) a low molecular weight acylated nitrogen compound derived from an alkyl succinic anhydride and an alkanolamine comprising N,N-dimethylaminopropanol, N,N-diethvlaminopropanol, N,N-dimethyl ethanolamine, or N,N-di ethvlaminobutanol, wherein the alkyl group contains from about 4 to about 18 carbon atoms.

9. The process of claim 8 wherein the clarity of the resulting mixture is improved, as defined by a lower JTU and/or NTU value compared to the same composition that does not contain (c), the stabilizing component.

10. The process of claim 8 wherein (b), the friction modifier component, comprises a compound represented by the formula:

wherein: X 4 is an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom; and each R 2 and R 3 is independently a hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl group.

11. The composition of claim 1 wherein (b), the friction modifier, comprises C 8 -C 24 aliphatic monocarboxylic amide.

12. The composition of claim 1 wherein (b), the friction modifier, comprises oleyl amide or stearyl amide or combinations thereof.

13. The composition of claim 1 wherein (c), the stabilizing component, comprises a quaternary ammonium salt derived from a polyisobutylene-derived succinic anhydride and a polyalkenene polyamine, quaternized using an alkylene epoxide in combination with an acid.

14. The composition of claim 1 wherein (b) the friction modifier, is present in an am

Assignees

• Burrington James D
• Mosier Patrick E
• Arters David C
• Bartley Stuart L
• Lubrizol Corp

Inventors

• Burrington James D
• Mosier Patrick E
• Arters David C
• Bartley Stuart L

Classifications

• C10M2207/128

  containing hydroxy groups; Ethers thereof · CPC title

• C10N2030/02

  Pour-point; Viscosity index · CPC title

• C10M2203/1006

  used as base material · CPC title

• C10M2215/08

  Amides [having hydrocarbon substituents containing less than thirty carbon atoms] · CPC title

• C10M2215/04

  having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms · CPC title