Robotic arthroplasty system

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9629687-B2
Application number	US-201615235221-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Aug 12, 2016
Priority date	Mar 20, 2002
Publication date	Apr 25, 2017
Grant date	Apr 25, 2017

Abstract

A robotic system for performing an arthroplasty procedure of a patient is provided. The robotic system includes a robotic mechanism including an adaptive arm, an oscillating saw coupled to the robotic mechanism and configured to resect a portion of a bone of the patient. The robotic mechanism is configured to control movement of the saw during the resection. The system also includes a computer coupled to the robotic mechanism which is configured to control the robotic mechanism. The robotic mechanism is configured to position a prosthetic implant relative to the bone. The system also includes an electric motor coupled to the robotic mechanism and the computer. The electric motor is configured to facilitate movement of the robotic mechanism. The system also includes a position sensor configured to provide movement information of the prosthetic implant relative to the bone. The system also includes an adaptive arm interface coupled to the adaptive arm and the computer wherein the adaptive arm interface is configured to operate the computer.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. A robotic system for use in performing an arthroplasty procedure of a patient, the robotic system comprising:
a robotic mechanism including an adaptive arm, wherein the robotic mechanism is configured to perform the arthroplasty procedure without being coupled to an operating table;
an oscillating saw coupled to the robotic mechanism and configured to resect a portion of the tibia and the femur of the patient through a limited incision in the leg of the patient, the robotic mechanism configured to control movement of the saw during the resection;
a computer coupled to the robotic mechanism and configured to control the robotic mechanism, the robotic mechanism configured to position a prosthetic implant relative to at least one of the tibia and femur;
at least one navigation member positionable through skin of the patient into engagement with tissue in the patient;
an optical system coupled to the computer, the optical system configured to determine a location of at least one bone relative to other tissue in the patient, wherein the optical system is configured to provide location information of the at least one bone to the computer for used by the robotic mechanism;
an electric motor coupled to the robotic mechanism and the computer, the electric motor configured to facilitate movement of the robotic mechanism;
a position sensor configured to provide movement information of the prosthetic implant relative to at least one of the tibia and femur; and
an adaptive arm interface coupled to the adaptive arm and the computer, the adaptive arm interface configured to operate the computer.

2. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a force transmitting member coupled to the motor, the force transmitting member configured to enable implantation of the prosthetic implant into at least one of the tibia and femur.

3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the robotic system is configured to determine stability of a joint in which the arthroplasty procedure is performed.

4. The system of claim 1 , further comprising at least one marker positionable on the body of the patient, the at least one marker configured to be detected by the robotic system to provide location information.

5. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a display configured to provide imaging of the bone.

6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the prosthetic implant includes at least one of an implant bearing surface and an arcuate shape.

7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the prosthetic implant includes an ingrowth surface.

8. A robotic system for use in performing an arthroplasty procedure of a patient, the robotic system comprising:
a robotic mechanism, wherein the robotic mechanism is configured to perform the arthroplasty procedure without being coupled to an operating table;
a cutting tool coupled to the robotic mechanism and configured to resect a portion of a bone of the patient through a limited incision in the skin of the patient, the robotic mechanism configured to control movement of the cutting tool during the resection;
a computer coupled to the robotic mechanism and configured to control the robotic mechanism, the robotic mechanism configured to position a prosthetic implant relative to the bone;
at least one navigation member positionable through skin of the patient into engagement with tissue in the patient;
an optical system coupled to the computer, the optical system configured to determine the location of at least one bone relative to other tissue in the patient, wherein the optical system is configured to provide location information of the at least one bone to the computer for used by the robotic mechanism;
a position sensor configured to provide movement information of the robotic mechanism relative to the bone; and
an interface coupled to the computer, the interface configured to operate the computer.

9. The system of claim 8 , wherein the bone is at least one of a femur and tibia.

10. The system of claim 8 , further comprising a motor configured to facilitate movement of the robotic mechanism.

11. The system of claim 8 , further comprising a force transmitting member coupled to the motor, the force transmitting member configured to enable implantation of the prosthetic implant into the bone.

12. The system of claim 8 , wherein the robotic system is configured to determine stability of a joint in which the arthroplasty procedure is performed.

13. The system of claim 8 , further comprising at least one marker positionable on the body of the patient, the at least one marker configured to be detected by the robotic system to provide location information.

14. The system of claim 8 , further comprising a display configured to provide imaging of the bone.

15. The system of claim 8 , wherein the prosthetic implant includes at least one of an implant bearing surface and an arcuate shape.

16. The system of claim 8 , wherein the prosthetic implant includes an ingrowth surface.

17. A robotic system for positioning a prosthetic implant into a bone of a patient during an arthroplasty procedure, the system comprising:
a robotic mechanism including an adaptive arm, the robotic mechanism configured to position a prosthetic implant relative to the bone through a limited incision in the skin of the patient;
a computer configured to control the robotic mechanism;
at least one navigation member positionable through skin of the patient into engagement with tissue in the patient;
an optical system coupled to the computer, the optical system configured to determine the location of at least one bone relative to other tissue in the patient, wherein the optical system is configured to provide location information of the at least one bone to the computer for used by the robotic mechanism;
a position sensor configured to provide movement information of the prosthetic implant relative to the bone; and
an adaptive arm interface coupled to the adaptive arm and the computer, the adaptive arm interface configured to operate the computer.

18. The system of claim 17 , wherein the arthroplasty procedure is performed on a leg of the patient.

19. The system of claim 17 , wherein the prosthetic implant includes an implant bearing surface.

20. The system of claim 17 , wherein the prosthetic implant includes a portion having an arcuate shape.

21. The system of claim 17 , wherein the prosthetic implant includes an ingrowth surface.

22. The system of claim 17 , further comprising a display configured to provide imaging of the bone.

23. The system of claim 17 , further comprising at least one marker positionable on the body of the patient, the at least one marker configured to be detected by the robotic system to provide location information.

24. The system of claim 17 , further comprising an electric motor coupled to the robotic mechanism and configured to move the robotic mechanism.

25. The system of claim 17 , further comprising a force measurement assembly coupled to the computer, the force measurement assembly configured to measure a resistance force.

26. A method comprising performing an arthroplasty procedure on a patient using a robotic system, the method comprising:
providing a robotic mechanism including an adaptive arm and an electric motor coupled to the robotic mechanism, wherein the electric motor is configured to facilitate movement of the robotic mechanism;
coupling an oscillating saw to the robotic me

Assignees

• P Tech Llc

Inventors

• Bonutti Peter M

Classifications

• A61B6/032

  Transmission computed tomography [CT] · CPC title

• A61B17/154

  for preparing bone for knee prosthesis · CPC title

• A61B90/39

  Markers, e.g. radio-opaque or breast lesions markers · CPC title

• A61B2090/034

  abutting on parts of the device itself · CPC title

• A61B2017/0256

  for the spine · CPC title