Catalyst materials and methods for reforming hydrocarbon fuels

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9620787-B2
Application number	US-87929810-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Sep 10, 2010
Priority date	Sep 11, 2009
Publication date	Apr 11, 2017
Grant date	Apr 11, 2017

Abstract

In one embodiment, a composition for use in reforming is provided comprising a catalyst material comprising molybdenum dioxide and/or MO 2 (where M=Mo, W, Ru, Re, Os, Ir) nanoparticles having an average particle size from about 2 nm to about 1,000 nm; and a substrate, wherein both the molybdenum dioxide and/or MO 2 (where M=Mo, W, Ru, Re, Os, Ir) nanoparticles are substantially immobilized on the substrate. In another embodiment an anode for use in a fuel cell is provided comprising the forgoing composition. And in another embodiment a fuel cell is provided comprising the forgoing anode.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A fuel cell comprising:
a cathode;
an anode comprising molybdenum dioxide (MoO 2 ) nanoparticles, wherein the molybdenum dioxide (MoO 2 ) nanoparticles are the only anode-active and catalytically-active component present in the anode; and
an electrolyte disposed between said cathode and said anode.

2. The fuel cell of claim 1 , wherein the molybdenum dioxide nanoparticles are substantially immobilized on a matrix material.

3. The fuel cell of claim 2 , wherein the matrix material is a ceramic.

4. The fuel cell of claim 2 , wherein the matrix material includes at least one of yttrium stabilized zirconia and samarium domed ceria.

5. The fuel cell of claim 1 , wherein said molybdenum dioxide (MoO 2 ) nanoparticles have an average particle size in the range of about 1 to about 200 nanometers.

6. The fuel cell of claim 2 , wherein said molybdenum dioxide (MoO 2 ) nanoparticles have an average particle size in the range of about 1 to about 200 nanometers.

7. The fuel cell of claim 1 , wherein said molybdenum dioxide (MoO 2 ) nanoparticles have an average particle size in the range of about 200 to about 1000 nanometers.

8. The fuel cell of claim 2 , wherein said molybdenum dioxide (MoO 2 ) nanoparticles have an average particle size in the range of about 200 to about 1000 nanometers.

9. The fuel cell of claim 1 , wherein said molybdenum dioxide (MoO 2 ) nanoparticles have a surface area of at least about 10 square meters per gram.

10. The fuel cell of claim 1 , wherein said electrolyte is formed from a solid oxide.

11. The fuel cell of claim 1 , wherein the molybdenum dioxide (MoO 2 ) nanoparticles are doped with another metal.

12. The fuel cell of claim 1 , wherein the fuel cell is a solid oxide fuel cell.

13. A solid oxide fuel cell comprising:
a cathode formed from a first ceramic material;
an anode comprising molybdenum dioxide (MoO 2 ) nanoparticles, wherein the molybdenum dioxide (MoO 2 ) nanoparticles are a catalyst and have an average particle size of less than about 1000 nanometers; and
an electrolyte between said cathode and said anode, said electrolyte being formed from a second ceramic material, and
wherein the molybdenum dioxide (MoO 2 ) nanoparticles are deposited on the electrolyte.

14. A fuel cell comprising:
a cathode;
an anode comprising molybdenum dioxide (MoO 2 ) nanoparticles, wherein the molybdenum dioxide (MoO 2 ) nanoparticles are the only anode-active and catalytically-active component present in the anode;
an electrolyte disposed between said cathode and said anode; and
wherein the molybdenum dioxide (MoO 2 ) nanoparticles are doped with at least one dopant selected from the group of SiO 2 , TiO 2 , SnO 2 , CeO 2 , Co, Ni, Cu, Rh, Pd, Ag, Ir and Pd.

15. The fuel cell of claim 2 , wherein the matrix material comprises a zeolite.

16. The fuel cell of claim 13 , wherein the electrolyte comprises yttrium stabilized zirconia or samarium domed ceria.

17. The fuel cell of claim 13 , wherein said molybdenum dioxide (MoO 2 ) nanoparticles have an average particle size in the range of about 1 to about 200 nanometers.

18. The fuel cell of claim 13 , wherein said molybdenum dioxide (MoO 2 ) nanoparticles have an average particle size in the range of about 200 to about 1000 nanometers.

19. The fuel cell of claim 13 , wherein said molybdenum dioxide (MoO 2 ) nanoparticles have a surface area of at least about 10 square meters per gram.

20. The fuel cell of claim 13 , wherein the molybdenum dioxide (MoO 2 ) nanoparticles are doped with another metal.

21. A fuel cell comprising:
a cathode;
an anode consisting of molybdenum dioxide (MoO 2 ) nanoparticles; and
an electrolyte disposed between said cathode and said anode.

22. The fuel cell of claim 21 , wherein the electrolyte comprises yttrium stabilized zirconia or samarium domed ceria.

23. The fuel cell of claim 21 , wherein said molybdenum dioxide (MoO 2 ) nanoparticles have an average particle size in the range of about 1 to about 200 nanometers.

24. The fuel cell of claim 21 , wherein said molybdenum dioxide (MoO 2 ) nanoparticles have an average particle size in the range of about 200 to about 1000 nanometers.

25. The fuel cell of claim 21 , wherein said molybdenum dioxide (MoO 2 ) nanoparticles have a surface area of at least about 10 square meters per gram.

Assignees

• Ha Su
• Norton M Grant
• Univ Washington State

Inventors

• Ha Su
• Norton M Grant

Classifications

• Y02E60/50

  Fuel cells · CPC title

• B01J23/28

  Molybdenum · CPC title

• B01J23/16

  of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium · CPC title

• H01M8/0618

  Reforming processes, e.g. autothermal, partial oxidation or steam reforming · CPC title

• H01M2008/1293

  Fuel cells with solid oxide electrolytes · CPC title