Composition made of polymers and electrically conductive carbon

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9620257-B2
Application number	US-201113883207-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Nov 2, 2011
Priority date	Nov 5, 2010
Publication date	Apr 11, 2017
Grant date	Apr 11, 2017

Abstract

Polymer compositions which are antistatic or have been made conductive and the production thereof.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. A polymer composition comprising the following components:
(a) at least 40 parts by weight of a polymer selected from the group of polymers consisting of:
(a1) thermoplastics; and
(a2) thermosets;
where the polymer is used alone, in a mixture of polymers, or as a copolymer;
with the proviso that the polymer (a) is not a polyamide whose monomer units have an arithmetic average of 7.5 carbon atoms or more;

(b) from 0.1 to 15 parts by weight of a salt having a nonmetallic cation that is a quaternary nitrogen or phosphorus compound;
(c) from 0.5 to 25 parts by weight of a dispersant based on esters or amides; and
(d) an electrically conductive carbon selected from the group consisting of carbon black, graphite powders, carbon fibres, carbon nanotubes, and graphene, in an amount which in the polymer composition gives a specific surface resistance in accordance with IEC 60167 of from 10 −1 to 10 10 Ω;
wherein a specific volume resistance, in accordance with ICE 60093, of the polymer composition is from 10 −3 to 10 7 Ωm; and
wherein the dispersant of component (c) is selected from among the group consisting of:
(c1) polyacrylic esters, which are prepared by esterification of:
an alkyl polyacrylate which is obtained by polymerization and whose alkyl radicals have from 1 to 3 carbon atoms; with
a component selected from the group consisting of:
(c1-1) saturated aliphatic alcohols having from 4 to 50 carbon atoms; and
(c1-2) unsaturated aliphatic alcohols having from 4 to 50 carbon atoms;

where components (c1-1) and (c1-2) are used in such amounts that from 30 to 100% of the ester groups are transesterified; and

(c2) polyester-polyamine condensation products, which are obtained by partial or complete reaction of:
(c2-1) one or more amino-functional polymers containing at least four amino groups; with
(c2-2) one or more polyesters of the general formula (I) or (Ia):
T-C(O)—[O-A-C(O)] x —OH  (I);

T-O—[C(O)-A-O—] y —Z  (Ia); and

(c2-3) one or more polyethers of the general formula (II) or (IIa):
T-C(O)—B—Z  (II);

T-O—B—Z  (IIa);

where:
 T is a hydrogen radical and/or an optionally substituted, linear or branched aryl, arylalkyl, alkyl, or alkenyl radical having from 1 to 24 carbon atoms;
 A is at least one divalent radical selected from the group consisting of linear, branched, cyclic, and aromatic hydrocarbons;
 Z is at least one radical selected from the group consisting of sulphonic acids, sulphuric acids, phosphonic acids, phosphoric acids, carboxylic acids, isocyanates, epoxides, in particular phosphoric acid, and (meth)acrylic acid;
 B is a radical of the general formula (III):
—(C l H 2l O) a —(C m H 2m O) b —(C n H 2n O) c —(SO) d   (III);

 where:
 SO=—CH 2 —CH(Ph)-O— where Ph=phenyl radical;
 b, and c are each, independently of one another, from 0 to 100;
 with the proviso that the sum a+b+c is ≧0;
 d is ≧0;
 l, m, and n are each, independently of one another, ≧2; and
 x and y are each, independently of one another, ≧2.

2. The polymer composition according to claim 1 , further comprising:
(e) from greater than 0 to 5 parts by weight of a metal salt;
wherein component (b) is present in an amount of from 0.1 to 10 parts by weight;
wherein component (c) is present in an amount of from 1 to 10 parts by weight; and
wherein carbon nanotubes, as component (d), are present in an amount of from 1 to 10 parts by weight.

3. The polymer composition according to claim 1 ;
wherein the nonmetallic cation of the component (b) consists of at least one quaternary nitrogen cation of the general formulae:
R 1 R 2 R 3 R 4 N +   (1);

R 1 R 2 N + ═CR 3 R 4   (2);

R 1 R 2 R 3 R 4 P +   (3); or

R 1 R 2 P + ═CR 3 R 4   (4);

where:
R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 are identical or different, and are each:
hydrogen;
a linear or branched or double bond-containing aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 30 carbon atoms;
a saturated or unsaturated, optionally double bond-containing cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from 5 to 40 carbon atoms;
an aromatic hydrocarbon radical having from 6 to 40 carbon atoms;
an alkylaryl radical having from 7 to 40 carbon atoms;
a linear or branched, optionally unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon radical which has from 2 to 30 carbon atoms and is interrupted by a radical containing one or more heteroatoms;
—NH—;
—NR′—;
a linear or branched or double bond-containing aliphatic hydrocarbon radical which has from 2 to 30 carbon atoms and is interrupted by one or more functions selected from the group consisting of —O—C(O)—, —(O)C—O—, —NH—C(O)—, —(O)C—NH, —(CH 3 )N—C(O)—, —(O)C—N(CH 3 )—, —S(O 2 )—O—, —O—S(O 2 )—, —S(O 2 )—NH—, —NH—S(O 2 )—, —S(O 2 )—N(CH 3 )—, and —N(CH 3 )—S(O 2 )—;
a linear or branched or double bond-containing aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radical which has from 1 to 30 carbon atoms and is terminally functionalized by —OH, —OR′, —NH 2 , —N(H)R′, or —N(R′) 2 ; or
a polyether —(R 5 —O) n —R 6 having a block or random structure;
where:
 R′ is a saturated or unsaturated C 1 -C 30 -alkyl radical;
 R 5 is a linear or branched hydrocarbon radical containing from 2 to 4 carbon atoms;
 n is from 1 to 100; and
 R 6 is hydrogen, a linear or branched or double bond-containing aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a double bond-containing cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from 5 to 40 carbon atoms, an aromatic hydrocarbon radical having from 6 to 40 carbon atoms, an alkylaryl radical having from 7 to 40 carbon atoms, or a radical —C(O)—R 7 , where:
 R 7 is a linear or branched or double-bond-containing aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, or a double-bond-containing cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from 5 to 40 carbon atoms, or an aromatic hydrocarbon radical having from 6 to 40 carbon atoms, or an alkylaryl radical having from 7 to 40 carbon atoms;

wherein an anion of the component (b) is selected from the group consisting of halides, carboxylates, phosphates, thiocyanates, isothiocyanates, dicyanamide, sulphates, hydrogensulphate, alkylsulphates and arylsulphates, polyether sulphates and polyether sulphonates, perfluoroalkylsulphates, sulphonate, alkylsulphonates and arylsulphonates, perfluorinated alkylsulphonates and arylsulphonates, sulphonates, tetrafluoroborates, hexafluorophosphates, bis(perfluoroalkylsulphonyl)amides or bis(perfluoroalkylsulphonyl)imides, bis(trifluoromethylsulphonyl)imide, alkyltosylates and aryltosylates, perfluoroalkyltosylates, nitrates, alkylcarboxylates and arylcarboxylates, perfluoroalkylcarboxylates, perchlorate, tetrachloroaluminate, saccharinate, dicyanamide, thiocyanate, isothiocyanate, tetraphenylborate, tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, tetrafluoroborate, hexafluorophosphate, polyether phosphates, and phosphate;
wherein the charges balance within the anion-cation combination of the component (b) salt; and
wherein the polymer composition optionally includes mixtures of different component (b) salts.

4. The polymer composition according to claim 1 ;
wherein the nonmetallic cation of the component (b) salt is selected from the group consisting of substituted ammonium, phosphonium, pyridinium, imidazolinium, and imidazolium cations;
wherein the charges within the anion-cation combination of the component (b) salt balance; and
wherein the polymer composition optionally includes mixtures of different component (b) salts.

5. The polymer composition according to claim 1 ;
wherein the dispersant of component (c) is selected from among (c1) polyacrylic esters whose alkyl radicals have from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, where at least 25% of the ester groups are short-chain groups having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl part,

Assignees

• Lehmann Kathrin
• Stadtmueller Stefan
• Schwab Peter
• Evonik Degussa Gmbh

Inventors

• Lehmann Kathrin
• Stadtmueller Stefan
• Schwab Peter

Classifications

• C08K5/17

  Amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds · CPC title

• H01B1/04 Primary

  mainly consisting of carbon-silicon compounds, carbon or silicon · CPC title

• C08K7/24

  inorganic · CPC title

• C08K3/041

  Carbon nanotubes · CPC title

• C08K3/04

  Carbon · CPC title