Alkali and alkaline-earth ion batteries with non-metal anode and hexacyanometallate cathode

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9608268-B2
Application number	US-201514699962-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Apr 29, 2015
Priority date	Mar 28, 2012
Publication date	Mar 28, 2017
Grant date	Mar 28, 2017

Abstract

A battery structure is provided for making alkali ion and alkaline-earth ion batteries. The battery has a hexacyanometallate cathode, a non-metal anode, and non-aqueous electrolyte. A method is provided for forming the hexacyanometallate battery cathode and non-metal battery anode prior to the battery assembly. The cathode includes hexacyanometallate particles overlying a current collector. The hexacyanometallate particles have the chemical formula A′ n′ A m M1 x M2 y (CN) 6 , and have a Prussian Blue hexacyanometallate crystal structure.

First claim

We claim:

1. A battery with a hexacyanometallate cathode and non-metal anode, the battery comprising:
a cathode with hexacyanometallate particles overlying a current collector, the hexacyanometallate particles having a chemical formula A m M1 x M2 y (CN) 6 , and having a Prussian Blue hexacyanometallate crystal structure,
where A cations are selected from a group consisting of alkali cations;
where M1 is a metal selected from a group consisting of 2+ and 3+ valance positions;
where M2 is a metal selected from a group consisting of 2+ and 3+ valance positions;
where m is in a range of greater than 1 to 2;
where x is in a range of 0.5 to 1.5;
where y is in a range of 0.5 to 1.5;

a non-aqueous electrolyte capable of conducting A cations;
a non-metal anode capable of inserting and de-inserting A ions; and,
an ion-permeable membrane separating the anode from the cathode.

2. The battery of claim 1 wherein A cations are selected from a first group consisting of Na + and K + .

3. The battery of claim 1 wherein the M1 metal is selected fiom a group consisting of Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ca, and Mg; and,
wherein the M2 metal is selected from a group consisting of Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ca, and Mg.

4. The battery of claim 1 wherein the M1 metal is selected from a group consisting of the same metal as the M2 metal and a different metal than the M2 metal.

5. The battery of claim 1 wherein the anode material is selected from a group consisting of carbonaceous materials, oxides, sulfides, nitrides, silicon, composite material including metal nanoparticles with carbonaceous materials, and silicon nanostructures with carbonaceous materials.

6. The battery of claim 1 wherein the electrolyte is selected from a group consisting of organic, gel, polymer, and solid electrolytes.

7. The battery of claim 1 wherein the A cations are Na + cations;
wherein the ion permeable membrane is a Na + -ion permeable membrane; and,
wherein the electrolyte is a Na + soluble non-aqueous electrolyte.

8. The battery of claim 1 wherein the A cations are K + cations;
wherein the ion permeable membrane is a K + -ion permeable membrane; and,
wherein the electrolyte is a K + soluble non-aqueous electrolyte.

9. A battery with a hexacyanometallate cathode and non-metal anode, the battery comprising:
a cathode with hexacyanometallate particles overlying a current collector, the hexacyanometallate particles having a chemical formula A m M1 x M2 y (CN) 6 , and having a Prussian Blue hexacyanometallate crystal structure,
where A cations are selected from a group consisting of alkaline-earth cations;
where M1 is a metal selected from a group consisting of 2+ and 3+ valance positions;
where M2 is a metal selected from a group consisting of 2+ and 3+ valance positions;
where m is in a range of greater than 0.5 to 1;
where x is in a range of 0.5 to 1.5;
where y is in a range of 0.5 to 1.5;

a non-aqueous electrolyte capable of conducting A cations;
a non-metal anode capable of inserting and de-inserting A ions; and,
an ion-permeable membrane separating the anode from the cathode.

10. The battery of claim 9 wherein A cations are selected from a first group consisting of Mg 2+ and Ca 2+ .

11. The battery of claim 9 wherein the M1 metal is selected from a group consisting of Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ca, and Mg; and,
wherein the M2 metal is selected from a group consisting of Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ca, and Mg.

12. The battery of claim 9 wherein the M1 metal is selected from a group consisting of the same metal as the M2 metal and a different metal than the M2 metal.

13. The battery of claim 9 wherein the anode material is selected from a group consisting of carbonaceous materials, oxides, sulfides, nitrides, silicon, composite material including metal nanoparticles with carbonaceous materials, and silicon nanostructures with carbonaceous materials.

14. The battery of claim 9 wherein the electrolyte is selected from a group consisting of organic, gel, polymer, and solid electrolytes.

15. The battery of claim 9 wherein the A cations are Mg 2+ cations;
wherein the ion permeable membrane is a Mg 2+ -ion permeable membrane; and,
wherein the electrolyte is a Mg 2+ soluble non-aqueous electrolyte.

16. The battery of claim 9 wherein the A cations are Ca 2+ cations;
wherein the ion permeable membrane is a Ca 2+ -ion permeable membrane; and,
wherein the electrolyte is a Ca 2+ soluble non-aqueous electrolyte.

Assignees

• Sharp Laboratories America Inc

Inventors

• Lu Yuhao
• Lee Jong-Jan
• Nishijima Motoaki
• Kakimoto Seizoh

Classifications

• Y02E60/122

  Cross-Sectional Technologies · mapped topic

• H01M4/0404

  by coating on electrode collectors · CPC title

• H01M4/0445

  Forming after manufacture of the electrode, e.g. first charge, cycling · CPC title

• H01M4/0459

  Electrochemical doping, intercalation, occlusion or alloying · CPC title

• H01M4/139

  Processes of manufacture · CPC title