Cathode active material, method of manufacturing the same and battery

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9583759-B2
Application number	US-201313875889-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	May 2, 2013
Priority date	May 17, 2005
Publication date	Feb 28, 2017
Grant date	Feb 28, 2017

Abstract

A cathode active material capable of obtaining a high capacity and capable of improving stability or low-temperature characteristics, a method of manufacturing the same, and a battery are provided. A cathode ( 21 ) includes a cathode active material including a lithium complex oxide including Li and at least one kind selected from the group consisting of Co, Ni and Mn, and P and at least one kind selected from the group consisting of Ni, Co, Mn, Fe, Al, Mg and Zn as coating elements on a surface of the lithium complex oxide. Preferably, the contents of the coating elements are higher on the surface of the cathode active material than those in the interior thereof, and decrease from the surface to the interior.

First claim

The application is claimed as follows:

1. A cathode active material comprising:
a lithium complex oxide represented by Chemical Formula 3:
Li z Mn 2-g M3 g O 4-h

wherein M3 represents at least one kind selected from the group consisting of cobalt, nickel, magnesium, aluminum, boron, titanium, vanadium, chromium, iron, copper, zinc, molybdenum, tin, calcium, strontium and tungsten, the values of z, g and h are within ranges of 0.8≦z≦1.2, 0≦g<1.0 and −0.2≦h≦0.2, respectively; and
a surface layer comprising aluminum phosphate formed on a surface of the lithium complex oxide,
wherein the surface layer is within a range from 0.2 mol % to 6.0 mol % both inclusive in total relative to the lithium complex oxide, and
wherein an atomic ratio of phosphorus to aluminum in the surface layer is within a range from 0.35 to 12.7 both inclusive.

2. The cathode active material according to claim 1 , comprising a central section comprising the lithium complex oxide, the surface layer being arranged on at least a part of the central section.

3. The cathode active material according to claim 1 , wherein the lithium complex oxide further comprises at least one selected from Chemical Formula 1:
Li x Co a M1 b O 2-c
wherein M1 represents at least one kind selected from the group consisting of nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), boron (B), titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), chromium (Cr), iron, copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), molybdenum (Mo), tin (Sn), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), tungsten (W), zirconium (Zr) and silicon (Si), the values of x, a, b and c are within ranges of 0.8≦x≦1.2, 0.8≦a≦1, 0≦b≦0.2 and −0.1≦c≦0.2, respectively; and Chemical Formula 2:
Li y Ni d M2 e O 2-f

wherein M2 represents at least one kind selected from the group consisting of cobalt, manganese, magnesium, aluminum, boron, titanium, vanadium, chromium, iron, copper, zinc, molybdenum, tin, calcium, strontium, tungsten, zirconium and silicon, the values of y, d, e and f are within ranges of 0.8≦y≦1.2, 0.3≦d≦0.98, 0.02≦e≦0.7 and −0.1≦f≦0.2, respectively.

4. A battery comprising:
a cathode;
an anode; and
an electrolyte,
wherein the cathode comprises a cathode active material represented by Chemical Formula 3:
Li z Mn 2-g M3 g O 4-h

wherein M3 represents at least one kind selected from the group consisting of cobalt, nickel, magnesium, aluminum, boron, titanium, vanadium, chromium, iron, copper, zinc, molybdenum, tin, calcium, strontium and tungsten, the values of z, g and h are within ranges of 0.8≦z≦1.2, 0≦g<1.0 and −0.2≦h≦0.2, respectively; and
a surface layer comprising aluminum phosphate formed on a surface of the cathode active material,
wherein the surface layer is within a range from 0.2 mol % to 6.0 mol % both inclusive in total relative to the lithium complex oxide, and
wherein an atomic ratio of phosphorus to aluminum in the surface layer is within a range from 0.35 to 12.7 both inclusive.

5. The battery according to claim 4 , wherein the cathode active material comprises a central section comprising the lithium complex oxide, the surface layer being arranged on at least a part of the central section.

6. The battery according to claim 4 , wherein the lithium complex oxide further comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of Chemical Formula 1:
Li x Co a M1 b O 2-c
(where M1 represents at least one kind selected from the group consisting of nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), boron (B), titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), molybdenum (Mo), tin (Sn), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), tungsten (W), zirconium (Zr) and silicon (Si), the values of x, a, b and c are within ranges of 0.8≦x≦1.2, 0.8≦a≦1, 0≦b≦0.2 and −0.1≦c≦0.2, respectively; and Chemical Formula 2:
Li y Ni d M2 e O 2-f

wherein M2 represents at least one kind selected from the group consisting of cobalt, manganese, magnesium, aluminum, boron, titanium, vanadium, chromium, iron, copper, zinc, molybdenum, tin, calcium, strontium, tungsten, zirconium and silicon, the values of y, d, e and f are within ranges of 0.8≦y≦1.2, 0.3≦d≦0.98, 0.02≦e≦0.7 and −0.1≦f≦0.2, respectively.

7. The battery according to claim 4 , wherein
the open circuit voltage in a fully charged state per a pair of the cathode and the anode is within a range from 4.25 V to 4.6 V both inclusive.

8. A method of manufacturing a cathode active material, the method comprising:
providing a lithium complex oxide particle represented by Chemical Formula 3:
Li z Mn 2-g M3 g O 4-h

wherein M3 represents at least one kind selected from the group consisting of cobalt, nickel, magnesium, aluminum, boron, titanium, vanadium, chromium, iron, copper, zinc, molybdenum, tin, calcium, strontium and tungsten, the values of z, g and h are within ranges of 0.8≦z≦1.2, 0≦g<1.0 and −0.2≦h≦0.2, respectively; and
coating a particle surface of the lithium complex oxide with a surface layer comprising aluminum phosphate,
wherein the surface layer is within a range from 0.2 mol % to 6.0 mol % both inclusive in total relative to the lithium complex oxide, and
wherein an atomic ratio of phosphorus to aluminum in the surface layer is within a range from 0.35 to 12.7 both inclusive.

Assignees

• Sony Corp

Inventors

• Li Guohua
• Morita Nozomu
• Ooyama Tomoyo
• Suzuki Kiyohiko
• Satori Kotaro
• Azuma Hideto
• Hosoya Yosuke
• Morita Koji
• Watanabe Haruo

Classifications

• C01P2002/02

  Amorphous compounds · CPC title

• C01G51/50

  of the type (MnO2)n-, e.g. Li(CoxMn1-x)O2 or Li(MyCoxMn1-x-y)O2 · CPC title

• B05D5/12

  to obtain a coating with specific electrical properties · CPC title

• C01P2006/40

  Electric properties · CPC title

• H01M4/525

  of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy · CPC title