Method and system to detect and characterize electromagnetic pulses for the protection of critical infrastructure components

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9562938-B2
Application number	US-201414274188-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	May 9, 2014
Priority date	May 9, 2014
Publication date	Feb 7, 2017
Grant date	Feb 7, 2017

Abstract

A system and method are proposed to protect critical infrastructure assets from an electromagnetic pulse event. Detonation of a nuclear warhead or geomagnetic storms created by solar corona ejecta or an attack by directed energy weapons can create an electromagnetic pulse event. Several embodiments are disclosed that use radio frequency (RF) sensors, electrostatic discharge sensors and geomagnetic sensors that feed sensor signals to an event characterization and detection unit that analyzes and predicts early occurrence of an electromagnetic pulse event. Critical sensor signals are recorded for future use and are used to refine autonomic algorithms used to predict future electromagnetic pulse events from the sensor data.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. An early detection system to detect an electromagnetic pulse event comprising:
one or more radio frequency (RF) sensor units;
one or more electrostatic sensor units;
one or more geomagnetic sensor units;
one or more direct current sensor units; and
an event detection subsystem configured to:
receive and analyze sensor data from the one or more RF sensor units, the one or more electrostatic sensor units, the one or more direct current sensor units and the one or more geomagnetic sensor units; and
detect an occurrence of the electromagnetic pulse event based on the sensor data received from the one or more RF sensor units, the one or more electrostatic sensor units, the one or more direct current sensor units and the one or more geomagnetic sensor units.

2. The early detection system of claim 1 , further comprising:
a data repository and recording subsystem;
wherein the sensor data from the one or more RF sensor units, the one or more electrostatic sensor units, the one or more direct current sensor units, the one or more geomagnetic sensor units, and other data computed by the event detection subsystem that are associated with past electromagnetic pulse events are recorded and used to predict future electromagnetic pulse events.

3. The early detection system of claim 1 , wherein:
the event detection subsystem is configured to use one or more autonomic algorithms; and
at least one of the one or more autonomic algorithms is configured to use signal characteristics from past electromagnetic pulse events to predict future electromagnetic pulse events.

4. The early detection system of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the one or more RF sensor units is configured to detect electromagnetic energy having frequencies of 100 KHz through 1 GHz.

5. The early detection system of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the one or more electrostatic sensor units is configured to detect electrostatic field potentials from 10 V/m 2 to 50,000 V/m 2 .

6. The early detection system of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the one or more geomagnetic sensor units has magnetometers with a sensitivity of 1 μT or better.

7. The early detection system of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the one or more direct current sensor units is configured to detect induced currents exceeding 1,000 Amps or electric potentials exceeding 5,000 Volts due to changing magnetic fields.

8. The early detection system of claim 1 , wherein the event detection subsystem is configured to measure a time duration of radio frequency, electrical, electrostatic and magnetic pulses that vary from nano-seconds to hundreds of seconds.

9. The early detection system of claim 1 , wherein the event detection subsystem is configured to use sensor data from a combination of simulated and actual electromagnetic pulse events and monotonic and polytonic predicate calculus to predict a future occurrence of the electromagnetic pulse event.

10. The early detection system of claim 1 , wherein the event detection subsystem is configured to detect one or more of: electromagnetic pulses generated by a detonation of a nuclear weapon, electromagnetic pulses generated by geomagnetic storms, or electromagnetic pulses generated by effects of directed energy weapons.

11. A critical infrastructure protection system comprising:
an electromagnetic pulse sensor subsystem comprising one or more radio frequency (RF) sensor units, one or more one or more electrostatic sensor units, one or more direct current sensor units and one or more geomagnetic sensor units;
an asset protection subsystem; and
an event detection subsystem configured to:
receive and analyze sensor data from the one or more RF sensor units, the one or more electrostatic sensor units, the one or more direct current sensor units and the one or more geomagnetic sensor units;
detect an occurrence of an electromagnetic pulse event based on the sensor data received from the one or more RF sensor units, the one or more electrostatic sensor units, the one or more direct current sensor units and the one or more geomagnetic sensor units; and
command the asset protection subsystem to go into a protected mode to mitigate or eliminate potential damage from the electromagnetic pulse event.

12. The critical infrastructure protection system of claim 11 , further comprising:
a data repository and recording subsystem;
wherein the sensor data from the one or more RF sensor units, the one or more electrostatic sensor units, the one or more direct current sensor units, the one or more geomagnetic sensor units, and other data computed by the event detection subsystem that are associated with past electromagnetic pulse events are recorded and used to predict future electromagnetic pulse events.

13. The critical infrastructure protection system of claim 11 , wherein the event detection subsystem is configured to use one or more autonomic algorithms and monotonic or polytonic predicate calculus, at least one of the one or more autonomic algorithms or the monotonic or polytonic predicate calculus configured to use data from past electromagnetic pulse events to predict future electromagnetic pulse events.

14. The critical infrastructure protection system of claim 11 , wherein at least one of the one or more RF sensor units is configured to detect electromagnetic energy having frequencies of 10 KHz through 1 GHz.

15. The critical infrastructure protection system of claim 11 , wherein at least one of the one or more electrostatic sensor units is configured to detect electrostatic field potentials from 10 V/m 2 to 50,000 V/m 2 .

16. The critical infrastructure protection system of claim 11 , wherein at least one of the one or more geomagnetic sensor units has magnetometers with a sensitivity of 1 μT or better.

17. The critical infrastructure protection system of claim 11 , wherein at least one of the one or more direct current sensor units is configured to sense direct currents with a minimum sensitivity of 1,000 VDC and currents exceeding 100 Amps.

18. The critical infrastructure protection system of claim 11 , wherein at least one of the electromagnetic pulse sensor subsystem, the event detection subsystem and the asset protection subsystem is distributed from a site of assets that are being protected.

19. A method of protecting critical infrastructure components comprising:
receiving data from one or more radio frequency (RF) sensor units at an event detection subsystem;
receiving data from one or more electrostatic sensor units at the event detection subsystem;
receiving data from one or more geomagnetic sensor units at the event detection subsystem; and
analyzing the data received from the one or more RF sensor units, the one or more electrostatic sensor units and the one or more geomagnetic sensor units to detect an electromagnetic pulse event.

20. The method of claim 19 , further comprising:
recording, for past electromagnetic pulse events, the data received from the one or more RF sensor units, the one or more electrostatic sensor units and the one or more geomagnetic sensor units in a data repository and recording subsystem; and
predicting future electromagnetic pulse events based on the recorded data for the past electromagnetic pulse events.

21. The method of claim 20 , wherein predicting the future electromagnetic pulse events based on the recorded data for the past electromagnetic pulse events is at least partially carried out using an autonomic algorithm that uses signal characteristi

Assignees

• Raytheon Co

Inventors

• Cox Donald

Classifications

• G05B9/02

  electric · CPC title

• G01R29/0814 Primary

  Field measurements related to measuring influence on or from apparatus, components or humans (EMC, EMI and similar testing in general G01R31/001), e.g. in ESD, EMI, EMC, EMP testing, measuring radiation leakage; detecting presence of micro- or radiowave emitters; dosimetry; testing shielding; measurements related to lightning · CPC title

• G01R31/001

  Measuring interference from external sources to, or emission from, the device under test, e.g. EMC, EMI, EMP or ESD testing (measuring electromagnetic fields G01R29/08; circuits for generating HV pulses in dielectric strength testing G01R31/14) · CPC title

• G21J5/00

  Detection arrangements for nuclear explosions (individual measuring devices G01) · CPC title

• G01R29/0878

  Sensors; antennas; probes; detectors (wave guide measuring sections G01R1/24) · CPC title