Biodegradable fuel performance additives

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9562498-B2
Application number	US-201414297669-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Jun 6, 2014
Priority date	Sep 14, 2006
Publication date	Feb 7, 2017
Grant date	Feb 7, 2017

Abstract

There is disclosed a biodegradable fuel additive composition derived from at least one animal or plant source, and a fuel composition containing a biodegradable fuel additive composition derived from at least one animal or plant source useful for reducing the formation of engine deposits and for improving fuel economy of a vehicle combusting the fuel composition.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A gasoline composition comprising:
a gasoline fuel,
a detergent,
at least one biodegradable carrier oil having a weight average molecular weight from about 500 to about 3000 and derived from at least one plant source which undergoes at least one treatment selected from the group consisting of hydrogenation, partial hydrogenation, esterification and functionalization of carbon-carbon double bonds by esterification, amination, or epoxidation such that the biodegradable carrier oil has a noack volatility of less than or equal to about 50 wt. %, a pour point of less than or equal to about 0° C., a viscosity index of greater than or equal to about 85, a sulfur concentration of less than or equal to about 50 ppm, and a Penn State Microoxidation deposit weight of less than 5%, and
wherein the plant source comprises at least one plant source selected from the group consisting of corn grain, palm, canola, jatropha, soy bean oil, castor oil, rape seed, jojoba, and mixtures thereof.

2. The gasoline composition according to claim 1 , wherein the detergent comprises at least one member selected from the group consisting of polyamines, polyetheramines, succinimides, succinamides, aliphatic polyamines, and Mannich detergents.

3. The gasoline composition according to claim 1 , wherein the detergent comprises at least one member selected from the group consisting of (i) fuel-soluble salts, amides, imides, oxazolines and esters, or mixtures thereof of long chain aliphatic hydrocarbon-substituted dicarboxylic acids or their anhydrides; (ii) polyetheramines; (iii) long chain aliphatic hydrocarbons having an amine or a polyamine attached directly thereto; and (iv) Mannich condensation products formed by condensing a long chain aliphatic hydrocarbon-substituted phenol or cresol with an aldehyde, and an amine.

4. The gasoline composition according to claim 1 , further comprising a biofuel.

5. The gasoline composition according to claim 4 , wherein the biofuel is at least one material selected from ethanol and biobutanol.

6. The gasoline composition according to claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises from about 50 to about 99.999 wt. % gasoline fuel, from about 0.001 to about 3.0 wt. % detergent, and from about 0.001 to about 3.0 wt. % biodegradable carrier oil.

7. A method of reducing the formation of engine deposits in an engine combusting a fuel, said method comprising combusting in an engine a fuel composition comprising
a major amount of a fuel with a boiling point of from about 15 degrees C. to about 400 degrees C.,
a detergent,
at least one carrier oil having a weight average molecular weight from about 500 to about 3000 and derived from at least one plant source which undergoes at least one treatment selected from the group consisting of hydrogenation, partial hydrogenation, esterification and functionalization of carbon-carbon double bonds by esterification, amination, or epoxidation such that the carrier oil has a noack volatility of less than or equal to about 50 wt. %, a pour point of less than or equal to about 0° C., a viscosity index of greater than or equal to about 85, a sulfur concentration of less than or equal to about 50 ppm, and a Penn State Microoxidation deposit weight of less than 5%, and
wherein the plant source comprises at least one plant source selected from the group consisting of corn grain, palm, canola, jatropha, soy bean oil, castor oil, rape seed, jojoba, and mixtures thereof.

8. The method according to claim 7 , wherein the detergent is at least one member selected from the group consisting of polyamines, polyetheramines, succinimides, succinamides, aliphatic polyamines, and Mannich detergents.

9. The method according to claim 7 , wherein the detergent comprises at least one member selected from the group consisting of (i) fuel-soluble salts, amides, imides, oxazolines and esters, or mixtures thereof of long chain aliphatic hydrocarbon-substituted dicarboxylic acids or their anhydrides; (ii) polyetheramines; (iii) long chain aliphatic hydrocarbons having an amine or a polyamine attached directly thereto; and (iv) Mannich condensation products formed by condensing a long chain aliphatic hydrocarbon-substituted phenol or cresol with an aldehyde, and an amine.

10. The method according to claim 7 , wherein the fuel comprises a biofuel.

11. The method according to claim 10 , wherein the biofuel comprises at least one material selected ethanol and biobutanol.

12. The method according to claim 7 , wherein the fuel comprises gasoline.

13. The method of claim 7 , wherein the engine is selected from the group consisting of Atkinson cycle engines, rotary engines, spray guided, wall guided, and the combined wall/spray guided direct injection gasoline (“DIG”) engines, turbocharged DIG engines, supercharged DIG engines, homogeneous combustion DIG engines, homogeneous/stratified DIG engines, DIG engines outfitted with piezoinjectors with capability of multiple fuel pulses per injection, DIG engines with EGR, DIG engines with a lean-NOx trap, DIG engines with a lean-NOx catalyst, DIG engines with SN-CR NOx control, DIG engines with exhaust diesel fuel after-injection (post combustion) for NOx control, DIG engines outfitted for flex fuel operation, port-fueled internal combustion engines, with and without advanced exhaust after-treatment systems capability, with and without turbochargers, with and without superchargers, with and without combined supercharger/turbocharger, with and without on-board capability to deliver additive for combustion and emissions improvements, and with and without variable valve timing, gasoline fueled homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engines, diesel HCCI engines, two-stroke engines, diesel fuel engines, gasoline fuel engines, stationary generators, gasoline and diesel HCCI, supercharged, turbocharged, gasoline and diesel direct injection engines, engines capably of variable valve timing, lean burn engines, engines capable of inactivating cylinders or any other internal combustion engine, any of the above-listed systems combined in a hybrid vehicle with an electric motor.

14. A method of improving fuel economy in an engine combusting a fuel, said method comprising combusting in an engine a fuel composition comprising
a major amount of a fuel with a boiling point of from about 15 degrees C. to about 400 degrees C.,
a detergent, and
at least one carrier oil having a weight average molecular weight from about 500 to about 3000 and derived from at least one plant source which undergoes at least one treatment selected from the group consisting of hydrogenation, partial hydrogenation, esterification and functionalization of carbon-carbon double bonds by esterification, amination, or epoxidation such that the carrier oil has a noack volatility of less than or equal to about 50 wt. %, a pour point of less than or equal to about 0° C., a viscosity index of greater than or equal to about 85, a sulfur concentration of less than or equal to about 50 ppm, and a Penn State Microoxidation deposit weight of less than 5%, and
wherein the plant source comprises at least one plant source selected from the group consisting of corn grain, palm, canola, jatropha, soy bean oil, castor oil, rape seed, jojoba, and mixtures thereof.

15. The method according to claim 14 , wherein the detergent comprises at least one member selected from the group consisting of (i) fuel-soluble salts, amides, imides, oxazolines and esters, or mixtures thereof of long chain aliphatic hydrocarbon-substituted dicarboxylic acids or their anhydrides; (ii) polyetheramines; (iii) long chain aliphatic hydrocarb

Assignees

• Afton Chemical Corp

Inventors

• Cunningham Lawrence J

Classifications

• C10L10/08

  for improving lubricity; for reducing wear · CPC title

• C10L1/2387

  Polyoxyalkyleneamines {(poly)oxyalkylene amines and derivatives thereof (substituted by a macromolecular group containing 30C) (C10L1/221 takes precedence)} · CPC title

• Y02T10/142

  Cross-Sectional Technologies · mapped topic

• C10L1/221

  compounds of uncertain formula; reaction products where mixtures of compounds are obtained · CPC title

• C10L1/238

  obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds {(C10L1/221 takes precedence)} · CPC title