Synchronous rectifier timer for discontinuous mode DC/DC converter

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9559592-B2
Application number	US-201213525882-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Jun 18, 2012
Priority date	Jun 18, 2012
Publication date	Jan 31, 2017
Grant date	Jan 31, 2017

Abstract

A DC-DC converter ( 100 ) includes a switching transistor (M 0 ) connecting an input power terminal (VIN) to an inductor ( 114 ) that is also connected to an output power terminal (VOUT), a synchronous rectification transistor (M 1 ) connected to a junction node ( 113 ) between the inductor ( 114 ) and the switching transistor (M 0 ), and a synchronous rectifier control circuit ( 200 ) with an integration capacitor ( 226 ) having a voltage that is charged and discharged by first and second current sources ( 210, 220 ) to track the charging and discharging of the inductor current, thereby generating a synchronous rectifier control signal (SR) that is applied to the synchronous rectification transistor to discharge the inductor current to zero.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A DC-DC converter to generate an output voltage VOUT from an input voltage VIN, comprising:
a switching circuit connected between an input power terminal and a junction node to an inductor that is connected to an output power terminal, where the switching circuit is turned on by a first control signal to charge the inductor;
a synchronous rectification switching circuit connected between the junction node and a reference voltage, where the synchronous rectification switching circuit is gated by a synchronous rectifier control signal; and
a synchronous rectifier control circuit comprising a capacitor having a voltage that is charged and discharged by first and second current sources to reflect inductor current changes, thereby generating the synchronous rectifier control signal that is applied to turn off the synchronous rectification switching circuit when the inductor current is effectively zero;
where the synchronous rectifier control circuit comprises a comparison circuit comprising a first input coupled to the capacitor, a second input coupled to receive a reference voltage, and a comparison output, where the comparison circuit comprises circuitry for providing a first signal indication when the capacitor voltage is larger than the reference voltage, and for providing a second signal indication when the capacitor voltage is not larger than the reference voltage;
wherein the synchronous rectifier control circuit comprises a latch circuit that changes state to a first state in response to the comparison circuit providing the second signal indication, wherein the synchronous rectifier control circuit turns off the synchronous rectification switching circuit in response to the latch circuit changing state to the first state.

2. The DC-DC converter of claim 1 , where the first and second current sources charge the capacitor at a rate that is proportional to a difference between the input voltage VIN and the output voltage VOUT during each charge pulse in the first control signal.

3. The DC-DC converter of claim 1 , where the second current source discharges the capacitor at a rate that is proportional to an output voltage VOUT.

4. The DC-DC converter of claim 1 wherein the latch circuit is characterized as an SR flip flop.

5. The DC-DC converter of claim 1 , further comprising an initialization circuit for precharging the capacitor to a predetermined voltage before charging the inductor.

6. A synchronous rectifier circuit comprising:
(a) an integration capacitor connected between a charging node and a reference voltage;
(b) a first current source connected to the charging node under control of a first switching transistor to charge the integration capacitor during each charge pulse in a first control signal;
(c) a second current source connected to the charging node to discharge the integration capacitor;
(d) a comparison circuit comprising a first input coupled to the charging node, a second input coupled to receive a first voltage, and a comparison output, where the comparison circuit comprises circuitry for providing a first signal indication when a capacitor voltage at the charging node is larger than the first voltage, and for providing a second signal indication when the capacitor voltage at the charging node is not larger than the first voltage;
(e) a logic circuit comprising a first logic circuit input coupled to the comparison output, where the logic circuit comprises circuitry for generating a synchronous rectifier pulse at a first logic circuit output in response to the charge pulse in the first control signal and the second signal indication from the comparison circuit; and
(f) a first transistor having a gate coupled to receive the synchronous rectifier pulse from the first logic circuit output, a source coupled to the reference voltage, and a drain coupled to an inductor in a DC/DC converter so that the first transistor completely discharges the inductor during the synchronous rectifier pulse;
where the comparison circuit comprises a comparator comprising the first input coupled to the charging node, the second input coupled to receive the first voltage, and the comparison output for providing the second signal indication when the capacitor voltage at the charging node is not larger than the first voltage;
wherein the logic circuit includes a latch circuit, the latch circuit changes state in response to the comparison output providing the second signal indication.

7. The synchronous rectifier circuit of claim 6 , where the first current source charges the integration capacitor with a current that is proportional to an input voltage VIN input to the DC/DC converter during each charge pulse in the first control signal.

8. The synchronous rectifier circuit of claim 6 , where the second current source discharges the voltage of the integration capacitor with a current that is proportional to an output voltage VOUT input to the DC/DC converter.

9. The synchronous rectifier circuit of claim 6 , where the latch circuit is characterized as an SR flip-flop, where the logic circuit comprises:
a first inverter comprising an input coupled to receive the first control signal and an inverter output for generating an inverted first control signal;
a second inverter comprising an input coupled to the comparison output and an inverter output for generating an inverted comparison output;
the SR flip-flop circuit comprising first and second inputs coupled to receive the inverted first control signal and the inverted comparison output, respectively, where the SR flip-flop circuit comprises circuitry for generating a first flop-flop output; and
an AND gate circuit comprising first and second inputs coupled to receive the inverted first control signal and the first flip-flop output, respectively, thereby generating the synchronous rectifier pulse.

10. The synchronous rectifier circuit of claim 6 , further comprising an initialization circuit for precharging the integration capacitor to a predetermined voltage.

11. The synchronous rectifier circuit of claim 10 , where the initialization circuit comprises an equalizing transistor for connecting the charging node to an initialization voltage under control of a first control signal to charge the integration capacitor to the initialization voltage.

12. The synchronous rectifier circuit of claim 11 , where the initialization voltage is the first voltage.

13. A method for generating an output DC voltage VOUT from an input DC voltage VIN, comprising:
connecting an input power terminal to a first junction node at an inductor with a first switching transistor that is gated by a first control signal to charge the inductor at a first rate during an ON time of the first control signal;
disconnecting the input power terminal from the first junction node at the inductor with the first switching transistor that is turned off by the first control signal during an OFF time of the first control signal; and
connecting the junction node to a first reference voltage with a second switching transistor that is gated by a synchronous rectifier control signal to discharge the inductor at a second rate during an OFF time of the first control signal, where the synchronous rectifier control signal is generated by charging and discharging an integration capacitor with first and second current sources to reflect the inductor current so that the second switching transistor is turned off when the inductor current is effectively zero;
further comprising generating the synchronous rectifier control signal by comparing a capacitor voltage at the integration capacitor to a second reference voltage to generate a first s

Assignees

• Pigott John M
• Bynum Byron G
• Perkins Geoffrey W
• Nxp Usa Inc

Inventors

• Pigott John M
• Bynum Byron G
• Perkins Geoffrey W

Classifications

• H02M3/1588 Primary

  comprising at least one synchronous rectifier element (H02M3/1582, H02M3/1584 take precedence) · CPC title

• Y02B70/1466

  Cross-Sectional Technologies · mapped topic

• H02M3/1563

  without using an external clock (H02M3/158 takes precedence) · CPC title

• H02M2001/0009

  Electricity · mapped topic

• H02M3/156

  with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators · CPC title