Material for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery negative electrode

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9537176-B2
Application number	US-201314416107-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Aug 30, 2013
Priority date	Sep 6, 2012
Publication date	Jan 3, 2017
Grant date	Jan 3, 2017

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to provide a material for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery negative electrodes containing a graphitic material and a non-graphitizable carbonaceous material, the material having excellent resistance against deterioration due to moisture absorption and excellent charge/discharge cycle resistance; a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery negative electrode using the same; and a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery using these, that has low resistance and excellent cycle durability.
The present invention comprises a carbonaceous material obtained by carbonizing a plant-derived organic material having a potassium content of 0.5% by mass or less, an average particle size D v50 of 2 μm to 50 μm, an average interlayer spacing of (002) plane determined by powder X-ray diffraction of 0.365 nm to 0.400 nm, an atomic ratio (H/C) of hydrogen atoms to carbon atoms determined by elemental analysis of 0.1 or less, and a true density determined by a pycnometer method using butanol of 1.51 g/cm 3 or greater but 1.65 g/cm 3 or less; and a graphitic material having an average interlayer spacing determined by powder X-ray diffraction of 0.345 nm or less, and a true density determined by a pycnometer method using butanol of 1.9 g/cm 3 or greater.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. A material for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery negative electrodes comprising a negative electrode active material, the negative electrode active material comprising a mixture of a carbonaceous material and a graphitic material;
the carbonaceous material being a carbonaceous material obtained by carbonizing a plant-derived organic material, and having a potassium content of 0.5% by mass or less, an average particle size D v50 of 2 μm or greater but 50 μm or less, an average interlayer spacing of (002) plane determined by powder X-ray diffraction of 0.365 nm or greater but 0.400 nm or less, an atomic ratio (H/C) of hydrogen atoms to carbon atoms determined by elemental analysis of 0.1 or less, and a true density determined by a pycnometer method using butanol of 1.51 g/cm 3 or greater but 1.65 g/cm 3 or less; and
the graphitic material having an average interlayer spacing determined by powder X-ray diffraction of 0.345 nm or less, and a true density determined by a pycnometer method using butanol of 1.9 g/cm 3 or greater.

2. The material for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery negative electrodes according to claim 1 , wherein a calcium content of the carbonaceous material is 0.02% by mass or less.

3. The material for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery negative electrodes according to claim 1 , wherein the plant-derived organic material contains coffee bean-derived organic material.

4. The material for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery negative electrodes according to claim 1 , wherein the carbonaceous material has a ratio (ρ H /ρ Bt ) of the true density determined by the butanol method (ρ Bt ) to a true density determined by a dry density measurement method using helium (ρ H ) of 1.18 or greater but 1.38 or less.

5. A negative electrode for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries comprising the material for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery negative electrodes described in claim 1 .

6. The negative electrode for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries according to claim 5 , further comprising a water-soluble polymer.

7. The negative electrode for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries according to claim 6 , wherein the water-soluble polymer is a polymer containing conjugated diene or acrylic ester as a constituent unit.

8. The negative electrode for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries according to claim 6 , wherein the water-soluble polymer is a carboxymethyl cellulose derivative, a polyvinyl alcohol derivative, or a polyacrylate.

9. A non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery comprising the negative electrode for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries described in claim 5 .

10. The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 9 , further comprising, in an electrolyte solution, an additive having a value of LUMO, determined by AM1 calculation method of quantum chemical calculation methods, in a range of −1.1 eV or greater but 1.11 eV or less.

11. The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 10 , wherein the additive is vinylene carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, trimethylsilyl phosphate, lithium tetrafluoroborate, chloroethylene carbonate, propane sultone, ethylene sulfite, dioxathiolane dioxide, or lithium bis(oxalato)borate.

12. A vehicle on which the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery described in claim 9 is mounted.

Assignees

• Kureha Corp
• Kureha Battery Mat Japan Co Ltd

Inventors

• Kobayashi Tetsuhiro
• Kobayashi Shota
• Wakahoi Takashi
• Tada Yasuhiro
• Sonobe Naohiro

Classifications

• Y02E60/10

  Energy storage using batteries · CPC title

• H01M10/0525

  Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries · CPC title

• Y02T10/7011

  Cross-Sectional Technologies · mapped topic

• H01M2300/0025

  Organic electrolyte · CPC title

• H01M2220/20

  Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane · CPC title