Apparatuses and techniques for subterraneous placement of one or more items
US-9844215-B2 · Dec 19, 2017 · US
US9532567B2 · US · B2
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Publication number | US-9532567-B2 |
| Application number | US-201314076624-A |
| Country | US |
| Kind code | B2 |
| Filing date | Nov 11, 2013 |
| Priority date | Nov 29, 2012 |
| Publication date | Jan 3, 2017 |
| Grant date | Jan 3, 2017 |
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A copolymer comprising trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene units and vinylidene fluoride units, and methods of making the same. A method of preventing biofouling on an article of manufacture, comprising applying such copolymer to the article of manufacture. A process of preparing a surface having a surface energy of between about 20 and about 30 mJ/m 2 , comprising applying such a copolymer to a support. A method of preventing accumulation of ice on an article of manufacture, comprising applying such a copolymer to an article of manufacture. A method of preparing a polymer, comprising a step of adding trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene/vinylidene fluoride copolymer as a polymer processing additive/aid to said polymer.
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What is claimed is: 1. A copolymer consisting essentially of from about 30 mol % to about 50 mol % trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene units and from about 50 mol % to about 70 mol % vinylidene fluoride units, the copolymer having a weight average molecular weight of more than 100,000 Daltons and having a surface energy of between about 20 and about 30 mJ/m2. 2. The copolymer of claim 1 having a surface energy of between about 25 and about 30 mJ/m2. 3. The copolymer of claim 1 having a surface energy of about 23.3 mJ/m2. 4. The copolymer of claim 1 having a weight average molecular weight of more than 400,000 Daltons. 5. The copolymer of claim 1 consisting essentially of about 47.5 mol % trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene units and about 52.5 mol % vinylidene fluoride units. 6. The copolymer of claim 1 consisting essentially of about 35.2 mol % trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene units and about 64.8 mol % vinylidene fluoride units.
Homopolymers or copolymers or vinylidene fluoride · CPC title
with aliphatic 1-olefins containing one carbon-to-carbon double bond · CPC title
with fluorinated vinyl ethers · CPC title
Homopolymers or copolymers of vinylidene fluoride · CPC title
Vinyl-type polymers · CPC title
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