Diesel exhaust fluid deposit mitigation

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9528414-B2
Application number	US-201414512097-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Oct 10, 2014
Priority date	Oct 14, 2013
Publication date	Dec 27, 2016
Grant date	Dec 27, 2016

Abstract

One form of the present application is an apparatus including an internal combustion engine structured to produce an exhaust flow, an exhaust system structured to receive the exhaust flow, and a reductant injector structured to inject reductant into a primary passage of the exhaust system upstream of a catalyst. The apparatus further includes an injector passage structured to receive a portion of exhaust upstream of the injector and further structured to flow the exhaust into the primary passage around the injector in a manner such that deposit formation is reduced.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A system, comprising:
an internal combustion engine configured to produce an exhaust gas flow;
an exhaust gas passageway, at least a portion of the exhaust gas passageway comprising:
a primary passageway,
an injector passageway adjacent to, and sharing a first wall portion with, the primary passageway, the first wall portion including an injector aperture, and
a bypass passageway adjacent to, and sharing a second wall portion with, the primary passageway, the second wall portion and the first wall portion located at opposite sides of a centerline of the primary passageway;

a reductant injector exposed in the primary passageway through the injector aperture, an end of the injector in a flow path defined by the injector passageway, the injector configured to release a reductant into the primary passageway and towards the bypass passageway; and
a catalyst located downstream of the reductant injector, the catalyst configured to receive a primary flow through the primary passageway, the primary flow mixed with the reductant.

2. The system of claim 1 , further comprising an orifice disposed within the portion of the exhaust gas passageway, the orifice structured to define the primary passageway, the injector passageway, and the bypass passageway.

3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the orifice is configured to direct a flow in the flow path defined by the injector passageway to assist in flowing the reductant from the injector toward a centerline of the exhaust gas passageway.

4. The system of claim 2 , wherein the bypass passageway includes an opening located upstream of the injector, wherein the bypass passageway is structured to increase a temperature of a portion of an outer wall of the passageway such that reductant received thereon will evaporate.

5. The system of claim 4 , wherein the bypass passageway is structured to provide a reductant free flow to a location downstream of the injector, whereby impingement of the reductant upon the walls of the exhaust gas passageway is reduced.

6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the portion of the exhaust gas passageway further comprises a bend, at least a portion of the bend located downstream from the reductant injector.

7. The system of claim 6 , wherein the reductant injector is on an outer radius of the bend, and wherein the injector is structured to release the reductant toward an inner radius of the bend.

8. The system of claim 1 , further comprising one or more mixing devices disposed downstream of the bypass passageway, wherein the bypass passageway is structured to provide a reductant free flow to a location downstream of the injector.

9. The system of claim 1 , wherein the internal combustion engine is a diesel engine, wherein at least a portion of the reductant is urea and wherein the catalyst comprises at least a portion of a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) bed.

10. The system of claim 1 , wherein the reductant injector is an airless injector.

11. An apparatus, comprising:
an internal combustion engine structured to produce an exhaust flow;
an exhaust system structured to receive the exhaust flow;
a reductant injector structured to inject reductant into a primary passage of the exhaust system upstream of a catalyst;
a bypass passage structured to receive a portion of exhaust upstream of the injector and to release the portion of exhaust downstream of the injector; and
an injector passage structured to receive a portion of exhaust upstream of the reductant injector and further structured to flow the exhaust into the primary passage around the reductant injector in a manner such that injector tip deposit formation is mitigated, the injector passage and the bypass passage located at opposite sides of a centerline of the primary passage.

12. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the bypass passage is structured to increase a heat transfer from the exhaust to a surface of the bypass passage.

13. The apparatus of claim 12 , wherein the bypass passage further includes a mixer located near a bypass exit.

14. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the reductant injector is located near a bend in the exhaust system.

15. The apparatus of claim 14 , wherein the bend is a 90 degree bend and wherein the injector is located on an outer radius of the bend.

16. The apparatus of claim 12 , wherein the bypass passage extends annularly around at least a portion of an inner circumference of the exhaust system.

17. The apparatus of claim 12 , wherein the injector is an airless injector.

18. A method, comprising:
operating an internal combustion engine including a rotating assembly, whereby an exhaust flow is produced and provided to an exhaust passageway;
selectively injecting a reductant into a main portion of the exhaust flow, the reductant injected by an injector exposed from a first interior wall of the exhaust passageway, the reductant injected toward a second interior wall of the exhaust passageway, the first interior wall and the second interior wall located at opposite sides of a centerline of the exhaust passageway;
diverting a first portion of the exhaust flow across a tip of the injector thereby reducing reductant deposits thereon;
diverting a second portion of the exhaust flow into a bypass passageway adjacent to the second interior wall of the exhaust passageway.

19. The method of claim 18 ,
wherein the bypass passageway is structured to increase a heat transfer rate from the exhaust flow to a surface of the bypass passageway.

20. The method of claim 18 , wherein the diverting a second portion of the exhaust flow into a bypass passageway further includes altering a flow velocity of the second portion of the exhaust flow in the bypass passageway through a flow altering device located at an exit of the bypass passageway.

21. The method of claim 18 , wherein the second portion of the exhaust flow is reductant free exhaust flow flowing near an inner surface of the exhaust system, thereby reducing impingement of the reductant thereon.

22. A decomposition mitigation assembly, comprising:
a decomposition tube elbow including an inner bend wall portion and an outer bend wall portion,
an injector port formed in the outer bend wall portion, the injector port configured to receive a reductant injector therein;
an injection exhaust flow path divider wall positioned in the decomposition tube elbow, the injection exhaust flow path divider wall forming a first passageway extending along at least a portion of the outer bend wall portion; and
a bypass exhaust flow path divider wall positioned in the decomposition tube elbow, the bypass exhaust flow path divider wall forming a second passageway extending along at least a portion of the inner bend wall portion of the decomposition tube elbow, the bypass exhaust flow path divider wall and the injection exhaust flow path divider wall forming a primary exhaust flow passageway positioned in the decomposition tube elbow between the injection exhaust flow path divider wall and the bypass exhaust flow path divider wall.

23. The decomposition mitigation assembly of claim 22 , further comprising an injector docking platform on the outer bend wall portion at the injector port, the injector docking platform configured to receive and mount the reductant injector.

24. The decomposition mitigation assembly of claim 23 , further comprising the reductant injector fastened to the injector docking platform.

Assignees

• Cummins Emission Solutions Inc

Inventors

• Mitchell Douglas A
• Chiruta Mihai
• Henry Lindsey R
• Alonzo Jim

Classifications

• F01N3/2892

  Exhaust flow directors or the like, e.g. upstream of catalytic device · CPC title

• F01N13/08

  Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits {(pipes, joints or supports therefor in general F16L; collecting or removing exhaust gases of vehicle engines in workshops B08B15/00, on highways E01C1/005)} · CPC title

• F01N2610/02

  the substance being ammonia or urea · CPC title

• F01N3/2066 Primary

  Selective catalytic reduction [SCR] · CPC title

• F01N3/28

  Construction of catalytic reactors · CPC title