Apparatuses and methods for cracking hydrocarbons

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9527054-B2
Application number	US-201414274540-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	May 9, 2014
Priority date	May 9, 2014
Publication date	Dec 27, 2016
Grant date	Dec 27, 2016

Abstract

Methods and apparatuses are provided for cracking a hydrocarbon. The method includes contacting a first hydrocarbon stream with a first cracking catalyst at a first cracking temperature in a first riser to produce a first riser effluent and a first spent catalyst. A second hydrocarbon stream is contacted with a second cracking catalyst at a second cracking temperature in a second riser to produce a second riser effluent and a second spent catalyst, where the second cracking temperature is less than the first cracking temperature. The first riser effluent and the second riser effluent are combined to produce a mixed riser effluent, and the mixed riser effluent is fractionated in a fractionation zone to produce a light cycle oil. The first spent catalyst and the second spent catalyst are combined in a reactor to produce a mixed spent catalyst.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. A method of cracking hydrocarbons comprising:
contacting a first hydrocarbon stream with a first cracking catalyst at a first cracking temperature in a first riser to produce a first riser effluent and a first spent catalyst;
contacting a second hydrocarbon stream with a second cracking catalyst at a second cracking temperature in a second riser to produce a second riser effluent and a second spent catalyst, wherein the second cracking temperature is less than the first cracking temperature and the second hydrocarbon stream comprises about 75 mass percent or more of glycerides, fatty acids or combinations thereof;
combining the first riser effluent and the second riser effluent to produce a mixed riser effluent;
combining the first spent catalyst and the second spent catalyst in a reactor to produce a mixed spent catalyst; and
fractionating the mixed riser effluent in a fractionation zone to produce a light cycle oil.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the second hydrocarbon stream comprises a natural oil.

3. The method of claim 2 wherein fractionating the mixed riser effluent comprises producing a heavy cycle oil, the method of claim 2 further comprising:
combining the heavy cycle oil with the second hydrocarbon stream in the second riser.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein:
the first cracking temperature is from about 15 degrees centigrade to about 40 degrees centigrade higher than the second cracking temperature.

5. The method of claim 1 further comprising:
regenerating the mixed spent catalyst in a regenerator to produce a regenerated catalyst; and
transferring the regenerated catalyst to the first riser and to the second riser.

6. The method of claim 5 further comprising:
combining the mixed spent catalyst with the regenerated catalyst to produce the first cracking catalyst.

7. The method of claim 1 further comprising:
separating the first riser effluent from the first spent catalyst in a first catalyst separator prior to combining the first riser effluent with the second riser effluent; and
separating the second riser effluent from the second spent catalyst in a second catalyst separator prior to combining the first riser effluent with the second riser effluent.

8. The method of claim 1 wherein the first hydrocarbon stream has an initial boiling point of about 300 degrees centigrade or more.

9. A method of cracking hydrocarbons comprising:
contacting a first hydrocarbon stream with a first cracking catalyst in a first riser to produce a first riser effluent;
contacting a second hydrocarbon stream with a second cracking catalyst in a second riser to produce a second riser effluent;
combining the first riser effluent with the second riser effluent to produce a mixed riser effluent;
fractionating the mixed riser effluent in a fractionation zone to produce a heavy cycle oil and a light cycle oil;
feeding one or more of the heavy cycle oil or the light cycle oil into one or more of the first riser or the second riser; and
hydrotreating the heavy cycle oil prior to feeding the heavy cycle oil into one or more of the first riser or the second riser.

10. The method of claim 9 further comprising:
preheating one or more of the first hydrocarbon stream or the second hydrocarbon stream with the heavy cycle oil.

11. The method of claim 9 further comprising:
separating the first riser effluent from a first spent catalyst;
separating the second riser effluent from a second spent catalyst; and
combining the first spent catalyst with the second spent catalyst to produce a mixed spent catalyst.

12. The method of claim 11 further comprising:
regenerating the mixed spent catalyst in a regenerator to produce a regenerated catalyst; and
feeding the regenerated catalyst to the first riser and to the second riser.

13. The method of claim 12 further comprising:
combining the mixed spent catalyst with the regenerated catalyst to form the first cracking catalyst.

14. The method of claim 9 wherein:
feeding one or more of the heavy cycle oil or the light cycle oil into one or more of the first riser or the second riser comprises feeding the heavy cycle oil into the second riser; and
the second hydrocarbon stream comprises a natural oil.

15. The method of claim 9 wherein the second hydrocarbon stream comprises about 80 mass percent or more glycerides, fatty acids, or combinations of the two.

16. The method of claim 9 wherein the first hydrocarbon stream has an initial boiling point of about 300 degrees centigrade or more.

17. The method of claim 9 wherein the light cycle oil has a boiling temperature from about 150 degrees centigrade to about 380 degrees centigrade at atmospheric pressure, such that the light cycle oil is a diesel boiling range hydrocarbon stream.

18. A method of cracking hydrocarbons comprising:
contacting a first hydrocarbon stream with a first cracking catalyst in a first riser to produce a first riser effluent;
contacting a second hydrocarbon stream with a second cracking catalyst in a second riser to produce a second riser effluent;
combining the first riser effluent with the second riser effluent to produce a mixed riser effluent;
fractionating the mixed riser effluent in a fractionation zone to produce a heavy cycle oil and a light cycle oil; and
feeding one or more of the heavy cycle oil or the light cycle oil into one or more of the first riser or the second riser;
separating the first riser effluent from a first spent catalyst;
separating the second riser effluent from a second spent catalyst; and
combining the first spent catalyst with the second spent catalyst to produce a mixed spent catalyst;
regenerating the mixed spent catalyst in a regenerator to produce a regenerated catalyst;
feeding the regenerated catalyst to the first riser and to the second riser; and
combining the mixed spent catalyst with the regenerated catalyst to form the first cracking catalyst.

19. The method of claim 18 further wherein:
feeding one or more of the heavy cycle oil or the light cycle oil into one or more of the first riser or the second riser comprises feeding the heavy cycle oil into the second riser; and
the second hydrocarbon stream comprises a natural oil.

20. The method of claim 18 further comprising:
preheating one or more of the first hydrocarbon stream or the second hydrocarbon stream with the heavy cycle oil.

Assignees

• Uop Llc

Inventors

• Pham Trung
• Davydov Lev
• Baird Lance Awender

Classifications

• B01J8/26 Primary

  with two or more fluidised beds, e.g. reactor and regeneration installations · CPC title

• C10G2300/1077

  Vacuum residues · CPC title

• C10G2300/4056

  Retrofitting operations · CPC title

• B01J2208/00991

  Disengagement zone in fluidised-bed reactors · CPC title

• C10G69/00

  Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one other conversion process (C10G67/00 takes precedence) · CPC title