Radiative transfer and power control with fractal metamaterial and plasmonics

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9482474-B2
Application number	US-201314043781-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Oct 1, 2013
Priority date	Oct 1, 2012
Publication date	Nov 1, 2016
Grant date	Nov 1, 2016

Abstract

Systems according to the present disclosure provide one or more surfaces that function as heat or power radiating surfaces for which at least a portion of the radiating surface includes or is composed of “fractal cells” placed sufficiently closed close together to one another so that a surface (plasmonic) wave causes near replication of current present in one fractal cell in an adjacent fractal cell. A fractal of such a fractal cell can be of any suitable fractal shape and may have two or more iterations. The fractal cells may lie on a flat or curved sheet or layer and be composed in layers for wide bandwidth or multibandwidth transmission. The area of a surface and its number of fractals determines the gain relative to a single fractal cell. The boundary edges of the surface may be terminated resistively so as to not degrade the cell performance at the edges.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A plasmonically-coupled resonator system, the system comprising:
a plurality of close-packed fractal cells disposed on a supporting surface, wherein each fractal cell includes a fractal shape defining an electrical resonator, and wherein the plurality of fractal cells are positioned sufficiently close to one another to support plasmonic transfer of energy between the fractal cells.

2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the supporting surface is part of a substrate, and wherein the substrate comprises a low-loss material in the infrared region.

3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the substrate comprises chalcogenide glass.

4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the fractal shape comprises a conductive trace.

5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the fractal shape comprises a slot, and wherein each resonator forms a slot antenna.

6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the fractal shape is selected from the group consisting of a Koch fractal, a Minkowski fractal, a Cantor fractal, a torn square fractal, a Mandelbrot, a Caley tree fractal, a monkey's swing fractal, a Sierpinski gasket, and a Julia fractal.

7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the fractal shape is selected from the group consisting of a contour set fractal, a Sierpinski triangle fractal, a Menger sponge fractal, a dragon curve fractal, a space-filling curve fractal, a Koch curve fractal, an lypanov fractal, and a Kleinian group fractal.

8. The system of claim 1 , wherein the fractal cells are separated by about 1/20λ.

9. The system of claim 8 , wherein λ is in the visible spectrum.

10. The system of claim 8 , wherein λ is in the infrared spectrum.

11. The system of claim 8 , wherein λ is in the ultraviolet spectrum.

12. The system of claim 8 , wherein λ is in the RF spectrum corresponding to a RF frequency range.

13. The system of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of fractal cells are configured as a fractal plasmonic surface (FPS), wherein the FPS is operative to transfer heat from one location on the FPS to another desired location on the FPS.

14. The system of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of fractal cells are configured as a fractal plasmonic surface (FPS), wherein the FPS is operative to transfer power from one location on the FPS to another desired location on the FPS.

15. The system of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of fractal cells are configured as a fractal plasmonic surface (FPS), wherein the FPS is operative to dissipate heat from one location on the FPS across the surface area of the FPS.

16. The system of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of fractal cells are configured as a fractal plasmonic surface (FPS), wherein the FPS is operative to dissipate power from one location on the FPS across the surface area of the FPS.

17. The system of claim 1 , wherein the support surface comprises chalcogenide glass.

18. A plasmonically-coupled resonator system, the system comprising:
a plurality of concentric shells, each shell including a substrate having first and second surfaces and a plurality of close-packed fractal cells disposed on a supporting surface, wherein each fractal cell includes a fractal shape defining an electrical resonator, and wherein the plurality of fractal cells are positioned sufficiently close to one another to support plasmonic transfer of energy between the fractal cells.

19. The system of claim 18 , wherein the electrical system is configured and arranged so that radiation incident on the system from a given direction has an intensity on a point-by-point basis such at each respective antipodal point, relative to an object placed at the center of the system, the radiation has the same or similar intensity.

20. The system of claim 18 , wherein the antenna system is configured and arranged so that radiation incident on the system from a direction in cylindrical coordinates has the same or similar intensity at the antipodal point after having traversed the antenna system.

21. The system of claim 18 , wherein the plurality of antenna shells comprises a first pair of shells having similar closed-packed arrangements for operation at a first passband, wherein the two shells are positioned within ⅛λ of one another.

22. The system of claim 18 , wherein the fractal shape is selected from the group consisting of a Koch fractal, a Minkowski fractal, a Cantor fractal, a torn square fractal, a Mandelbrot, a Caley tree fractal, a monkey's swing fractal, a Sierpinski gasket, a Julia fractal, a contour set fractal, a Sierpinski triangle fractal, a Menger sponge fractal, a dragon curve fractal, a space-filling curve fractal, a Koch curve fractal, an Lypanov fractal, and a Kleinian group fractal.

23. The system of claim 18 , wherein the fractal cells are separated by about 1/20λ, wherein λ is in the infrared, visible, or ultraviolet spectra.

Assignees

• Fractal Antenna Systems Inc

Inventors

• Cohen Nathan

Classifications

• H02J50/12

  of the resonant type · CPC title

• H01Q17/008

  with a particular shape (H01Q17/007 takes precedence) · CPC title

• G02B1/002

  made of materials engineered to provide properties not available in nature, e.g. metamaterials · CPC title

• G02B5/008

  Surface plasmon devices (diffractive gratings with a pitch less than or comparable to the wavelength G02B5/1809; surface plasmons in integrated optics G02B6/1226; optical analysis of materials by means of surface plasmons G01N21/553) · CPC title

• F28F2245/06

  having particular radiating, reflecting or absorbing features, e.g. for improving heat transfer by radiation · CPC title