Associative polymers for mist-control

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9458399-B2
Application number	US-76314410-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Apr 19, 2010
Priority date	Apr 17, 2009
Publication date	Oct 4, 2016
Grant date	Oct 4, 2016

Abstract

Polymeric mist control materials, methods of forming polymeric mist control materials, and methods of using such materials for mist control are provided. The polymeric mist control additives are formed of molecules comprised predominantly of monomers that confer high solubility in fuel and include associative groups that attract each other in donor-acceptor manner, and are incorporated such that multiple associative groups are in close proximity (“clusters”), such that the clusters are separated by very long non-associative sequences.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. An associative mist control material, comprising a mixture of polymers having:
at least one non-associative chain having a weight average molar mass comprised between 100 to 1000 kg/mol, said non-associative chain being selected to confer solubility to the polymer in a particular medium such that the medium and the mist control material form a homogeneous single phase;
a plurality of associative groups wherein each associative group is separated from each other associative group by at least one non-associative chain;
wherein the associative groups are selected such that the polymer does not self-associate and wherein the associative groups of said polymers reversibly associate with an association strength less than that of a covalent bond thereby forming supramolecules such that the supramolecules reversibly dissociate without chemical degradation.

2. The mist control material of claim 1 , wherein the mixture of polymers comprises at least two different complementary polymers each of said polymers comprising:
at least one non-associative chain, and
a plurality of associative groups disposed at either end of each of said nonassociative chains; and
wherein the associative groups do not self-associate, and wherein the associative groups of the at least two different complementary polymers reversibly associate with an association strength less than that of a covalent bond thereby forming supramolecules such that the supramolecules may dissociate without chemical degradation of the polymers.

3. The mist control material of claim 2 , wherein the mixture comprises two complementary heterotelechelic linear polymers, and wherein the associative groups at each end of each of the complementary polymers are different such that each end of each of the first complementary polymer is designed to associate with only one end of the second complementary polymer.

4. The mist control material of claim 3 , wherein the associative groups at a first end of both complementary polymers associate by an acid/base interaction, and wherein the associative groups at a second end of both complementary polymers associate by an electron donor/acceptor interaction.

5. The mist control material of claim 2 , wherein the association strength of the complementary polymers is sufficiently strong to provide association of the polymers into supramolecules at temperatures up to 60° C.

6. The mist control material of claim 2 , wherein the at least two different complementary polymers form a donor/acceptor pair.

7. The mist control material of claim 2 , wherein the mixture comprises a first monotelechelic polymer, a second complementary heterotelechelic linear polymer, and a third telechelic polymer, and wherein the associative groups of the first polymer are complementary to only one end of the second heterotelechelic polymer, and the other end of the second heterotelechelic polymer is different and complementary to the associative groups of the third homotelechelic polymer such that the complementary polymers selectively associate thereby forming supramolecules that are linear pentamers.

8. The mist control material of claim 1 , wherein the at least one non-associative chain is a homopolymer of a monomer or a copolymer of different monomers and the monomer or monomers are selected from the group of isoprene, butadiene, ethylene, propylene, butene, norbornene derivatives, cyclobutene, cyclopentene, cyclooctene, cyclooctadiene, and (trans, trans, cis)-1, 5,9-cyclododecatriene.

9. The mist control material of claim 1 , wherein the at least one non- associative chain confers solubility in fuel over a wide temperature range from −40° C. to +60° C.

10. The mist control material of claim 9 , wherein the solubility in fuel is conferred to the at least one non-associative chain by unsaturated hydrocarbon groups attached thereto.

11. The mist control material of claim 1 , wherein the associative groups are selected from the group of hydrogen bond donor/acceptor pairs, charge transfer donor/acceptor pairs and ionic bond donor/acceptor pairs.

12. The mist control material of claim 11 , wherein the associative groups include a carboxylic acid/tertiary amine acid/base pair.

13. The mist control material of claim 12 , wherein the tertiary amine is selected from the group consisting of dialkylamino groups connected via a linker that includes methylene carbons adjacent to the amine and selected from (dimethylamino) alkyl groups, (diethylamino) alkyl groups and (methylethylamino) alkyl groups, and pyridyl groups.

14. The mist control material of claim 11 , wherein the associative groups include a hydrogen bond pair selected from the group consisting of hydroxyphenyl/pyridyl pairs, and 2,4-Bis(propylamido)pyridine/Hydrouracil pair.

15. The mist control material of claim 11 , wherein the associative groups include a charge transfer pair, and wherein the electron donor is selected from the group consisting of carbazole derivatives and N,N-dimethylanilino derivatives, and wherein the electron acceptor is selected from the group consisting of dinitrophenyl group, 3,6-dinitro-carbazolyl group, buckminsterfullerene (C 60 ), 4-bromo-1-naphthyl group, dansyl group, anthracene, pyrene, 2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl group, and cyanophenyl group.

16. An associative mist control material comprising:
a mixture of polymers each having:
at least one non-associative chain, said non-associative chain being selected to confer solubility to the polymer in a particular medium such that the medium and the mist control material form a homogeneous single phase;
a plurality of associative groups disposed on at least one end of each of said non-associative chains, wherein the associative groups are selected such that the polymer does not self-associate; and

wherein the associative groups of said polymers reversibly associate with an association strength less than that of a covalent bond thereby forming supramolecules;
wherein the associative groups are selected from the group of hydrogen bond donor/acceptor pairs, charge transfer donor/acceptor pairs and ionic bond donor/acceptor pairs; and
wherein the associative groups include a hydrogen bond pair selected from the group consisting of hydroxyphenyl/pyridyl pairs, and 2,4-Bis(propylamido)pyridine/Hydrouracil pair.

17. An associative mist control material comprising:
a mixture of polymers each having:
at least one non-associative chain, said non-associative chain being selected to confer solubility to the polymer in a particular medium such that the medium and the mist control material form a homogeneous single phase;
a plurality of associative groups disposed on at least one end of each of said non-associative chains, wherein the associative groups are selected such that the polymer does not self-associate; and

wherein the associative groups of said polymers reversibly associate with an association strength less than that of a covalent bond thereby forming supramolecules;
wherein the associative groups are selected from the group of hydrogen bond donor/acceptor pairs, charge transfer donor/acceptor pairs and ionic bond donor/acceptor pairs; and
wherein the associative groups include a charge transfer pair, and wherein the electron donor is selected from the group consisting of carbazole derivatives and N,N-dimethylanilino derivatives, and wherein the electron acceptor is selected from the group consisting of dinitrophenyl group, 3,6-dinitro-carbazolyl group, buckminsterfullerene (C 60 ), 4-bromo-1-naphthyl group, dansyl group, anthracene, pyrene, 2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl group, and

Assignees

• Wei Ming-Hsin
• Kornfield Julia A
• David Ralph Leonard Ameri
• California Inst Of Techn

Inventors

• Wei Ming-Hsin
• Kornfield Julia A
• David Ralph Leonard Ameri

Classifications

• C10L1/146 Primary

  Macromolecular compounds according to different macromolecular groups, mixtures thereof · CPC title

• C10L1/1963

  mono-carboxylic · CPC title

• C08G83/008

  Supramolecular polymers · CPC title

• C10L10/00

  Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes (additives for liquid carbonaceous fuels characterised by their chemical nature C10L1/10; using binders for briquetting solid fuels C10L5/10; using additives to improve the combustion of solid fuels C10L9/10) · CPC title

• C10L1/2366

  homo- or copolymers derived from unsaturated compounds containing amine groups (C10L1/221 takes precedence) · CPC title