Polysaccharide derived materials

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9457338-B2
Application number	US-201314138286-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Dec 23, 2013
Priority date	Sep 19, 2007
Publication date	Oct 4, 2016
Grant date	Oct 4, 2016

Abstract

A mesoporous material is derived from a polysaccharide by thermally assisted partial carbonisation after expansion. The polysaccharide is an acid containing polysaccharide or mixture of polysaccharides.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. A method of preparing a mesoporous carbonised material comprising:
i) subjecting a polysaccharide to one or more procedures to form an expanded polysaccharide, the expanded polysaccharide possessing acidic functionality; and
ii) subjecting the expanded polysaccharide to a thermal treatment;
wherein the polysaccharide has a chemical structure which permits sufficient movement about the glycosidic linkage of the polysaccharide to form, in a fluid environment, an at least partly self-assembled mesoporous physical structure of the expanded polysaccharide material, and
wherein the one or more procedures to form the expanded polysaccharide comprise mixing the polysaccharide with water and removing water from the polysaccharide via solvent exchange.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the resulting mesoporous carbonised material has a V meso greater than 0.2 cm 3 /g.

3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the resulting mesoporous carbonised material has a V meso greater than 0.8 cm 3 /g.

4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the resulting mesoporous carbonised material has a V meso greater than 1 cm 3 /g.

5. A method of preparing a mesoporous carbonised material comprising:
i) subjecting a polysaccharide to one or more procedures to form an expanded polysaccharide, the expanded polysaccharide possessing acidic functionality; and
ii) subjecting the expanded polysaccharide to a thermal treatment;
wherein the polysaccharide has a chemical structure which permits sufficient movement about the glycosidic linkage of the polysaccharide to form, in the presence of water, an at least partly self-assembled mesoporous physical structure of the expanded polysaccharide material, and
wherein the resulting mesoporous carbonised material has a V meso greater than 0.5 cm 3 /g.

6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the acidic functionality comprises an acidic functional group which is covalently bound to the expanded polysaccharide.

7. The method of claim 5 , wherein the acidic functionality comprises a carboxyl or sulfate group.

8. The method of claim 5 , wherein the expanded polysaccharide possessing acidic functionality is selected from the group consisting of alginic acid, pectin, carageenan and polysaccharides chemically modified to include an acidic functional group.

9. The method of claim 5 , wherein the resulting mesoporous carbonised material comprises pores in the mesoporous and microporous size distribution ranges.

10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the ratio of the mesoporous volume (V meso ) to microporous volume (V micro ) of the resulting mesoporous carbonised material is greater than 10, when calculated using the t-plot method.

11. The method of claim 9 , wherein the ratio of the mesoporous volume (V meso ) to microporous volume (V micro ) of the resulting mesoporous carbonised material is greater than 10 and less than 500, when calculated using the t-plot method.

12. The method of claim 9 , wherein the ratio of the mesoporous volume (V meso ) to microporous volume (V micro ) of the resulting mesoporous carbonised material is greater than 50 and less than 200, when calculated using the t-plot method.

13. The method of claim 9 , wherein the resulting mesoporous carbonised material has a V micro of not more than 0.07 cm 3 /g.

14. The method of claim 5 , wherein the expanded polysaccharide is a self-assembled polysaccharide.

15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the expanded polysaccharide is self-assembled into the form of a helical structure.

16. The method of claim 5 , wherein the self-assembled physical structure is a helical structure.

17. The method of claim 5 , comprising subjecting the expanded polysaccharide which possesses acidic functionality and one or more further expanded polysaccharides to the thermal treatment.

18. The method of claim 5 , wherein the thermal treatment is such that the resulting mesoporous carbonised material is partially carbonised.

19. The method of claim 5 , wherein the thermal treatment is such that the resulting mesoporous carbonised material is substantially carbonised.

20. The method of claim 5 , wherein the thermal treatment comprises heating at a temperature in the range of from room temperature to about 1200° C.

21. The method of claim 20 , wherein the thermal treatment comprises heating at a temperature in the range of from room temperature to about 700° C.

22. The method of claim 20 , wherein the thermal treatment comprises heating at a temperature in the range of from room temperature to about 600° C.

23. The method of claim 20 , wherein the thermal treatment comprises heating at a temperature in the range of from room temperature to about 450° C.

24. The method of claim 20 , wherein the thermal treatment comprises heating at a temperature in the range of from room temperature to about 400° C.

25. The method of claim 20 , wherein the thermal treatment comprises heating at a temperature in the range of from room temperature to about 320° C.

26. The method of claim 20 , wherein the thermal treatment comprises heating at a temperature in the range of from room temperature to about 250° C.

27. The method of claim 20 , wherein the thermal treatment comprises heating at a temperature of not less than 100° C.

28. The method of claim 5 , wherein the thermal treatment is carried out in a non-oxidative atmosphere.

29. The method of claim 5 , wherein the thermal treatment includes alternate heating stages and isothermal stages.

Assignees

• Univ York

Inventors

• White Robin Jeremy
• Clark James Hanley
• Budarin Vitaliy L'Vovich
• Macquarrie Duncan James

Classifications

• B01J20/2808

  being less than 2 nm, i.e. micropores or nanopores · CPC title

• B01J20/3078

  Thermal treatment, e.g. calcining or pyrolizing · CPC title

• B01J20/20 Primary

  comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes · CPC title

• C08L5/04

  Alginic acid; Derivatives thereof · CPC title

• C08J9/28

  by elimination of a liquid phase from a macromolecular composition or article, e.g. drying of coagulum · CPC title