Functionalized carboranyl magnesium electrolyte for magnesium battery

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9431678-B2
Application number	US-201514826488-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Aug 14, 2015
Priority date	Dec 23, 2014
Publication date	Aug 30, 2016
Grant date	Aug 30, 2016

Abstract

Electrochemical devices and processes for forming them employ a functionalized carboranyl magnesium electrolyte. The functionalized carboranyl electrolyte includes a carboranyl anion functionalized with at least one halide, or one alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, and/or aryloxy groups, or their partially or completely fluorinated analogs. In contact with the electrolyte, a non-noble metal cathodic current collector has unusually high oxidative stability >3.0V vs. a magnesium reference.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. An electrochemical device, comprising:
an anode comprising magnesium;
a cathode; and
an electrolyte in contact with the anode and the cathode, the electrolyte comprising a functionalized carboranyl magnesium salt having a formula of:
Mg(CB i H [(i+1)−j−k] X j R k ) 2 ,  Formula I

Mg(C 2 B (i−1) H (i−j−k) X j R k ) 2 , or  Formula II

a combination of at least two of the foregoing, wherein i is an integer within a range of 5 through 11, inclusive; j is an integer within a range of 0 through i inclusive; k is an integer between 0 and i inclusive; each X, independently of each other X, is fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine; and each R, independently of each other R, is an alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, aryloxy, their partially or completely fluorinated analogues, or a moiety combining the aforementioned functionalities.

2. The electrochemical device as recited in claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte comprises a functionalized carboranyl magnesium salt having a formula according to Formula I.

3. The electrochemical device as recited in claim 1 , wherein an anion of the functionalized carboranyl magnesium salt of any of formulae I-II is an icosahedral closo-carboranyl anion.

4. The electrochemical device as recited in claim 1 , wherein the functionalized carboranyl magnesium salt is obtained by contacting functionalized carboranyl silver salt with a magnesium halide.

5. The electrochemical device as recited in claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte is stable at an electrical potential greater than 3.0 V.

6. The electrochemical device as recited in claim 1 , wherein the cathode comprises an organic cathode material.

7. A process for preparing an electrochemical device, comprising:
contacting an anode and a cathode with an electrolyte comprising a functionalized carboranyl magnesium salt having a formula of:
Mg(CB i H [(i+1)−j−k] X j R k ) 2 ,  Formula I

Mg(C 2 B (i−1) H (i−j−k) X j R k ) 2 , or  Formula II

a combination of at least two of the foregoing, wherein i is an integer within a range of 5 through 11, inclusive; j is an integer within a range of 0 through i inclusive; k is an integer between 0 and i inclusive; each X, independently of each other X, is fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine; and each R, independently of each other R, is an alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, aryloxy, their partially or completely fluorinated analogues, or a moiety combining the aforementioned functionalities.

8. The process as recited in claim 7 , wherein the electrolyte comprises a functionalized carboranyl magnesium salt having a formula according to Formula I.

9. The process as recited in claim 7 , wherein the functionalized carboranyl magnesium salt comprises an icosahedral closo-carboranyl anion.

10. The process as recited in claim 7 , wherein the functionalized carboranyl magnesium salt is obtained by contacting functionalized carboranyl silver salt with a magnesium halide.

11. The process as recited in claim 7 , wherein the electrolyte is stable at an electrical potential greater than 3.0V.

Assignees

• Toyota Motor Eng & Mfg North America Inc

Inventors

• Tutusaus Oscar
• Mohtadi Rana

Classifications

• H01M10/0568 Primary

  characterised by the solutes · CPC title

• H01M10/054

  Accumulators with insertion or intercalation of metals other than lithium, e.g. with magnesium or aluminium · CPC title

• H01M4/466

  Magnesium based · CPC title

• H01M2004/027

  Negative electrodes · CPC title

• H01M2300/0025

  Organic electrolyte · CPC title