Metal matrix composite, and preparation method thereof

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9410228-B2
Application number	US-201013513715-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Oct 22, 2010
Priority date	Dec 9, 2009
Publication date	Aug 9, 2016
Grant date	Aug 9, 2016

Abstract

The present invention provides a preparation method of a metal matrix composite. The method comprises the following steps of: 1) pulverizing a solid carbon material to a micrometer size; 2) plastic deforming a metal matrix powder and dispersing the pulverized nanometer-sized carbon material into the metal matrix powder during the plastic deformation; 3) integrating the metal/carbon nano-material composite powder obtained in step 2) by using a hot forming process; and 4) heat treating the integrated bulk material at a predetermined temperature to form a composite having a metal-carbon nanophase, a metal-carbon nanoband formed by growth of the metal-carbon nanophase, or a metal-carbon nano-network structure formed by self-coupling of the metal-carbon nanoband.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. A method of manufacturing an aluminum matrix composite, the method comprising the steps of:
pulverizing a solid carbon material into a micrometer size, the solid carbon material being at least one selected from a group consisting of fullerene, carbon nano tube, graphite, carbon black and amorphous carbon;
plastically deforming aluminum matrix powders while dispersing the pulverized carbon material into the aluminum matrix powders so as to be dispersed in a nanometer size , thereby obtaining composite powders composed of aluminum/carbon nano material;
integrating the composite powders composed of aluminum/carbon nano material, thereby producing a bulk material; and
heat-treating the bulk material, thereby forming a composite having therein at least one of aluminum-carbon nano phase particles that are formed by carbons released as a carbon-carbon bonding of the carbon material is broken and aluminum elements of the aluminum matrix, aluminum-carbon nano strips produced by growing-up of the aluminum-carbon nano phase particles, and an aluminum-carbon nano network structure produced by self-assembly of the nano strips,
wherein in the aluminum matrix composite, dislocations are fixed around the aluminum-carbon nano phase particles, or grains of the aluminum matrix are micronized or growing-up thereof is inhibited due to the aluminum-carbon nano strips or the aluminum-carbon nano network structure, and
wherein the aluminum matrix composite does not contain a carbon compound (Al 4 C 3 ) caused by the carbons.

2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the heat treatment is performed in a temperature range that is sufficient for individual carbon atoms released as a carbon-carbon bonding of the carbon material is broken to diffuse to a short distance and penetrate into the lattice of the aluminum matrix, but not to form a carbon compound.

3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the heat treatment is performed at a temperature ranging from 0.5T m to 1T m (T m : melting temperature of the metal matrix).

4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the composite contains at least one of aluminum-carbon nano phase particles, which are expressed by Al 4 C x (0<x<3), aluminum-carbon nano strips produced by growing-up of the aluminum-carbon nano particles, and an aluminum-carbon network structure produced by self-assembly of the nano strips.

5. The method according to claim 4 , wherein as time of the heat treatment increases, a mechanical strength of the aluminum matrix composite increases.

6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the carbon material is pulverized and dispersed using a mechanical milling process.

7. An aluminum matrix composite that is manufactured using aluminum matrix powders and at least one solid carbon material selected from a group consisting of fullerene, carbon nano tube, graphite, carbon black and amorphous carbon,
wherein the aluminum matrix composite contains therein at least one of aluminum-carbon nano phase particles, which are formed as individual carbon atoms released when a carbon-carbon bonding of the carbon material is broken penetrate into lattices of the aluminum matrix through short-distance diffusion so that the lattices of the aluminum matrix are deformed or expanded, aluminum-carbon nano strips produced by growing-up of the aluminum-carbon nano phase particles, and an aluminum-carbon nano network structure produced by self-assembly of the nano strips,
wherein dislocations are fixed around the aluminum-carbon nano phase particles, or grains of the aluminum matrix are micronized or growing-up thereof is inhibited due to the aluminum-carbon nano strips or the aluminum-carbon nano network structure,
wherein the aluminum matrix composite does not contain a carbon compound (Al 4 C 3 ) caused by the carbons, and
wherein the composite contains therein at least one of aluminum-carbon nano phase particles, which are expressed by Al 4 C x (0<x<3), aluminum-carbon nano strips produced by growing-up of the aluminum-carbon nano particles, and an aluminum-carbon network structure produced by self-assembly of the nano strips.

8. The aluminum matrix composite according to claim 7 , wherein the aluminum matrix composite has a mechanical strength exceeding 500 MPa.

9. A method of manufacturing an aluminum matrix composite, the method comprising the steps of:
pulverizing fullerene, which is arranged in a face-centered cubic (fcc) structure in an early stage and is present in a form of powders having a micrometer size, via mechanical milling;
plastically deforming aluminum matrix powders via mechanical milling while dispersing the pulverized fullerene into the aluminum matrix powders so as to be dispersed in a nanometer size;
integrating composite powders composed of the aluminum matrix powders and the fullerene, thereby producing a bulk material; and
heat-treating the bulk material, thereby forming a composite having therein at least one of aluminum-carbon nano phase particles that are formed by carbons released as a carbon-carbon bonding of the fullerene is broken and aluminum elements of the aluminum matrix, aluminum-carbon nano strips produced by growing-up of the aluminum-carbon nano phase particles, and an aluminum-carbon nano network structure produced by self-assembly of the nano strips,
wherein in the aluminum matrix composite, dislocations are fixed around the aluminum-carbon nano phase particles, or grains of the aluminum matrix are micronized or growing-up thereof is inhibited due to the aluminum-carbon nano strips or the aluminum-carbon nano network structure, and
wherein the aluminum matrix composite does not contain a carbon compound (Al 4 C 3 ) caused by the carbons.

10. The method according to claim 9 , wherein the heat treatment is performed in a temperature range that is sufficient for individual carbon atoms, which are released as a carbon-carbon bonding of the fullerene is broken, to diffuse to a short distance and penetrate into the lattices of the aluminum matrix, but not to form a carbon compound.

11. The method according to claim 10 , wherein the heat treatment is performed at a temperature ranging from 0.5T m to 1T m (T m : melting temperature of the aluminum matrix).

12. The method according to claim 9 , wherein the composite contains therein at least one of aluminum-carbon nano phase particles, which are expressed by Al 4 C x (0<x<3), aluminum-carbon nano strips produced by growing-up of the aluminum-carbon nano particles, and an aluminum-carbon network structure produced by self-assembly of the nano strips.

13. An aluminum matrix composite that is manufactured using aluminum powders and fullerene,
wherein the aluminum matrix composite contains therein at least one of aluminum-carbon nano phase particles (A 1 4 C x (0<x<3)), which are formed as individual carbon atoms released when a carbon-carbon bonding of the fullerene is broken penetrate into a lattice of the aluminum matrix through short-distance diffusion so that the lattice of the aluminum matrix is deformed or expanded, aluminum-carbon nano strips produced by growing-up of the aluminum-carbon nano phase particles, and an aluminum-carbon nano network structure produced by self-assembly of the aluminum-carbon nano strips, and
wherein dislocations are fixed around the aluminum-carbon nano phase particles, or grains of the aluminum matrix are micronized or growing-up thereof is inhibited due to the aluminum-carbon nano strips or the aluminum-carbon nano network structure, and
wherein the aluminum matrix composite does not contain a carbon compound (A 1 4 C 3 ) caused by the carbons.

14. The alu

Assignees

• Bae Dong Hyun
• Choi Hyun Joo
• Industry-Academic Cooperation Foundation Yonsei Univ

Inventors

• Bae Dong Hyun
• Choi Hyun Joo

Classifications

• C22C32/0052

  only carbides · CPC title

• C22C1/1084 Primary

  by mechanical alloying (blending, milling) · CPC title

• C22C1/1005

  Pretreatment of the non-metallic additives (pretreatment of non-metallic fibres C22C47/02) · CPC title

• B22F3/17

  by forging · CPC title

• B22F3/24

  After-treatment of workpieces or articles {(B22F3/1146 takes precedence)} · CPC title