Method for early warning chatter detection and asset protection management

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9404895-B2
Application number	US-201113277545-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Oct 20, 2011
Priority date	Oct 20, 2011
Publication date	Aug 2, 2016
Grant date	Aug 2, 2016

Abstract

The invention embodies the application of different combinations of the monitoring and data processing aspects as a means to develop an early warning chatter alarming system. Configuring an early warning chatter alarming system can be as simple as using nσ alarm settings to develop an alarming strategy from different trend conditions such as overall RMS, selected vibration frequencies, slope analysis, and wavelet analysis. A higher level of alarming is provided by using a time integrated approach to account for both intensity of the alarm variable and duration. Combining these different aspects with a predictive model incorporates process-operating conditions to enhance the alarming sensitivity for earlier detection and reduce false positives. Finally, combining the different alarming aspects with a rule-based decision making approach such as fuzzy logic allows alarming based on qualitative analysis of different data streams.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. A method of detecting and addressing chatter from Yankee dryer doctor blades used in the creping process, cleaning, or cut-off operations, the method comprising the steps of: over a period of time, with a sensor constructed and arranged to measure the frequencies and amplitudes of vibrations in a doctor blade as it crepes a paper product, measuring the frequencies and amplitudes of the vibrations indexed by time; collecting the measurements into a time waveform; converting the waveform using a fast Fourier transform, the converted waveform having a frequency spectrum which includes distinct vibration bands; correlating characteristics of the vibration bands with performance properties of the doctor blade to produce correlated vibration bands; defining (i) acceptable performance properties of the doctor blade and (ii) a baseline of acceptable vibration bands based on the correlated vibration bands and the acceptable performance properties of the doctor blade; predicting from the correlated characteristics the degree of deviation from the baseline of acceptable vibration bands associated with doctor blade chatter; predicting from the correlated characteristics the duration of deviation from the baseline of acceptable vibration bands associated with doctor blade chatter; and outputting when a data point on a correlated vibration band indicates excessive doctor blade chatter has occurred based on the predicted degree and duration of deviation from the acceptable vibration bands; and performing one or more corrective actions to address the excessive doctor blade chatter, the one or more corrective actions being from the group consisting of: installing a new doctor blade, reconditioning a surface, replacing a bearing, and lubricating a bearing.

2. The method of claim 1 where the sensor is an accelerometer.

3. The method of claim 1 where the sensor is a piezoelectric accelerometer.

4. The method of claim 1 where the measurements are analyzed and modeled by a data processing device constructed and arranged to utilize one process selected from the group consisting of: RMS data trending, neural network techniques, multiple regression analysis, AR, ARMAX, partial least squares, and any combination thereof.

5. The method of claim 1 where at least one of the correlations is determined by comparing characteristics of the vibration bands with blade age.

6. The method of claim 5 where the measurements are analyzed and modeled by a data processing device constructed and arranged to utilize RMS data trending and where the determination is made at least in part by noting that the slope in a saw tooth shaped vibration band continuously increases over time with the same blade and becomes discontinuous when the blade is changed.

7. The method of claim 6 further comprising the step of defining a deviation from the baseline due to doctor blade chatter to only occur when a deviation exceeds the mean and standard deviation of the baseline due to both an increase in magnitude and a duration of that increase greater than the mean duration of all data spikes in the waveform.

8. The method of claim 6 further comprising the steps of pre-determining the slope at which the blade is too old to be desired for use and replacing the blade when such a slope manifests on the waveform.

9. The method of claim 1 where at least one of the correlations is determined by comparing characteristics of the vibration bands with one factor selected from: track bearing, balance, dryer lubricity, dust levels, moisture levels, temperature, felt age, grade, furnish composition, coating chemistry, cleaning blade status (on or off), machine speed, external source vibrations, external pressure sources, and any combination thereof.

10. The method of claim 1 where the range of characteristics of the vibration bands caused by the factor is so broad that the sensor must be capable of detecting frequency bandwidth spanning four orders of magnitude.

11. The method of claim 1 where the sensor only indirectly measures vibrations of the doctor blade because it is engaged not to the blade itself but to a blade holder which is engaged to and provides more rigid support to the blade but which does not dampen the vibration to such an extent that an accurate measurement cannot be taken.

12. The method of claim 1 where the measurements are taken synchronously.

13. The method of claim 1 where the measurements are taken asynchronously.

14. The method of claim 1 where the output is an alarm.

15. The method of claim 1 further comprising determining a trend of the frequency spectrum over time, wherein the baseline of acceptable vibration bands comprises an alarm level to which the trend is compared.

16. The method of claim 15 further comprising
determining the slope of the trend over time,
determining the marginal slope over time, and
predicting an onset of a deviation of the trend above the alarm level based on the slope and marginal slope of the trend.

17. The method of claim 16 wherein:
outputting when a data point on a correlated vibration band exceeds the degree and duration of deviation excessive doctor blade chatter has occurred comprises displaying an alarm signal based on the comparison of the trend and the alarm level.

18. The method of claim 17 wherein displaying an alarm signal comprises displaying a coded alarm signal to indicate a current alarm state, comprising:
in the condition that the trend is within an acceptable deviation of the baseline, displaying a first alarm signal,
in the condition that the onset of a deviation of the trend above the alarm level is predicted, displaying a second alarm signal, and
in the condition that the trend is above the alarm signal, displaying a third alarm signal.

19. The method of claim 15 wherein the trend value represents a measure of one of: (i) the overall vibration magnitude, or (ii) the vibration magnitude of a frequency bandwidth.

20. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more corrective actions is performed by a system operator.

Assignees

• Von Drasek William A
• Furman Jr Gary S
• Archer Sammy Lee
• Nalco Co

Inventors

• Von Drasek William A
• Furman Jr Gary S
• Archer Sammy Lee

Classifications

• G01N29/14 Primary

  using acoustic emission techniques {(echo of particles G01N29/046; measuring mechanical vibrations or acoustic waves in solids in general G01H1/00)} · CPC title

• G01N29/46

  by spectral analysis, e.g. Fourier analysis {or wavelet analysis (spectral signal processing per se G06F17/14)} · CPC title

• D21G9/0036 Primary

  controlling the press or drying section · CPC title

• D21G9/0045

  controlling the calendering or finishing · CPC title

• G01N29/4418

  with a model, e.g. best-fit, regression analysis · CPC title