Nanolaminated coated cutting tool

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9388487-B2
Application number	US-201314382854-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Mar 6, 2013
Priority date	Mar 7, 2012
Publication date	Jul 12, 2016
Grant date	Jul 12, 2016

Abstract

A cutting tool insert for machining by chip removal includes a body of a hard alloy of cemented carbide, cermet, ceramics, cubic boron nitride based material or high speed steel, onto which a hard and wear resistant coating is deposited. The coating includes at least one polycrystalline nanolaminated structure having sequences of alternating A and B layers, wherein layer A is (Al x1 Mel 1-x1 )N y1 with 0.3<x1<0.95, 0.9<y1<1.1 and Me1 is one or more of the elements Ti, Y, V, Nb, Mo, Si and W, or Me1 is Ti and one or more of the following elements Y, V, Nb, Mo, Si, Cr and W, and layer B is (Zr 1-x2-z2 Si x2 Me2 z2 )N y2 with 0<x2<0.30, 0.90<y2<1.20, 0≦z2<0.25 and Me2 is one or more of the elements Y, Ti, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W and Al.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. A cutting tool insert for machining by chip removal comprising:
a body of a hard alloy selected from the group of cemented carbide, cermet, ceramics, cubic boron nitride based material or high speed steel; and
a hard and wear resistant PVD coating deposited on said body, wherein said coating comprises at least one polycrystalline nanolaminated structure having sequences of alternating A and B layers, where said layer A is (Al x1 Me1 1-x )N y1 with 0.3<x1<0.95, 0.9<y1<1.1 and Me1 is one or more of the elements Ti, Y, V, Nb, Mo, Si, and W, or Me1 is Ti and one or more of the following elements Y, V, Nb, Mo, Si, Cr and W, and said layer B is (Zr 1-x2-z2 Si x2 Me2 z2 )N y2 with 0<x2<0.30, 0.90<y2<1.20, 0≦z2<0.25 and Me2 is one or more of the elements Y, Ti, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W and Al, the average individual thickness of the A and B layers being between 1 nm and 50 nm, and the nanolaminated structure having a thickness between 0.5 μm and 15 μm.

2. A cutting tool insert according to claim 1 , wherein said layer A is (Ti 1-x1-z1 Al x1 Me1 z1 )N y1 , where 0.3<x1<0.95, 0.9<y1<1.1, 0<z1<0.25, and (1-x1-z1)>0, and Me1 is one or more of the elements Y, V, Nb, Mo, Si, Cr and W.

3. A cutting tool insert according to claim 1 , wherein 0.45<x1<0.75.

4. A cutting tool insert according to claim 1 , wherein 0.96<y1<1.04.

5. A cutting tool insert according to claim 1 , wherein 0<x2<0.15.

6. A cutting tool insert according to claim 1 , wherein 0.90<y2<1.10.

7. A cutting tool insert according to claim 2 , wherein 0<z1<0.15, and/or 0≦z2<0.15.

8. A cutting tool insert according to claim 2 , wherein z1=0.

9. A cutting tool insert according to claim 1 , wherein z2=0.

10. A cutting tool insert according to claim 1 , wherein said nanolaminated structure comprises a phase mixture of cubic and hexagonal phases.

11. A cutting tool insert according to claim 1 , wherein said nanolaminated structure has cubic phases.

12. A cutting tool insert according to claim 11 , wherein the cubic phases are NaCl phases.

13. A cutting tool insert according to claim 1 , wherein said coating comprises at least one innermost layer selected from the group of TiN, TiC, Ti(C,N) or (Ti,Al)N, followed by said nanolaminated structure and at least one outer layer selected from the group of TiN, TiC, Ti(C,N) or (Ti,Al)N, said coating having a total thickness between 1 μm and 20 μm.

14. A method of making a hard and wear resistant nanolaminated coating structure comprising growing sequences of alternating A: (Al,Me1)N and B: (Zr,Si,Me2)N layers by PVD, or cathodic arc evaporation, using fixture rotation and at least two opposing and different composite and/or alloyed cathodes for the A and B layers, respectively, and wherein Me1 is one or more of the elements Ti, Y, V, Nb, Mo, Si, and W, or Me1 is Ti and one or more of the following elements Y, V, Nb, Mo, Si, Cr and W, and Me2 is one or more of the elements: Y, Ti, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W and Al in a reactive atmosphere containing N 2 , at a total gas pressure between 1.0 Pa and 7.0 Pa, an evaporation current between 50 A and 200 A, a negative substrate bias between 0 V and 300 V, and a deposition temperature between 200° C. and 800° C.

15. A method of using a cutting tool insert for machining by chip removal, comprising the steps of:
providing a cutting tool insert, the insert including a body of a hard alloy selected from the group of cemented carbide, cermet, ceramics, cubic boron nitride based material or high speed steel and depositing at least one polycrystalline nanolaminated structure having sequences of alternating A and B layers, wherein said layer A is (Al x1 Me1 1-x1 )N y1 with 0.3<x1<0.95, 0.9<y1<1.1 and Me1 is selected from the group of one or more of the elements Ti, Y, V, Nb, Mo, Si, and W, or Me1 is Ti and one or more of the following elements Y, V, Nb, Mo, Si, Cr and W, and said layer B is (Zr 1-x2-z2 Si x2 Me2 z2 )N y2 with 0<x2<0.30, 0.90<y2<1.20, 0≦z2<0.25 and Me2 is one or more of the elements Y, Ti, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W and Al, the average individual thickness of the A and B layers being between 1 nm and 50 nm, and the nanolaminated structure having a thickness between 0.5 μm and 15 μm; and
specifically generating high temperatures, at cutting speeds of 50-400 m/min, with an average feed, per tooth in the case of milling, of 0.08-0.5 mm, depending on cutting speed and insert geometry.

16. The cutting tool insert according to claim 13 , wherein the at least one innermost layer is a single layer of (Ti,Al)N.

17. The cutting tool insert according to claim 13 , wherein the at least one innermost layer is a plurality of layers selected from the group of TiN, TiC, Ti(C,N) or (Ti,Al)N.

18. The cutting tool insert according to claim 13 , wherein the at least one outer layer is a single layer of TiN.

19. The cutting tool insert according to claim 13 , wherein the at least one outer layer is a plurality of layers selected from the group of TiN, TiC, Ti(C,N) or (Ti,Al)N.

20. The method of claim 14 , wherein the reactive atmosphere includes a carrier gas of Ar.

21. The method of claim 14 , wherein the total gas pressure is between 1.5 Pa and 4.0 Pa.

22. The method of claim 14 , wherein the negative substrate bias is between 10 V and 150 V.

23. The method of claim 14 , wherein the negative substrate bias is between 15 V and 100 V.

24. The method of claim 14 , wherein the temperature is between 300° C. and 600° C.

25. The method of claim 15 , wherein the cutting speed is 75-300 m/min.

26. The method of claim 15 , wherein the average feed, per tooth is 0.1-0.4 mm.

Assignees

• Seco Tools Ab

Inventors

• Andersson Jon
• Johansson Mats

Classifications

• B23B2224/00

  Materials of tools or workpieces composed of a compound including a metal · CPC title

• C23C30/005

  on hard metal substrates · CPC title

• C23C14/0641 Primary

  Nitrides (C23C14/0617 takes precedence) · CPC title

• C23C14/325

  Electric arc evaporation · CPC title

• B23B27/148

  Composition of the cutting inserts · CPC title