Digital equalizer adaptation using on-die instrument

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9379682-B2
Application number	US-201514676707-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Apr 1, 2015
Priority date	Mar 14, 2013
Publication date	Jun 28, 2016
Grant date	Jun 28, 2016

Abstract

Systems and methods are provided for adjusting gain of a receiver. Adaptation circuitry is operable to identify, based on a matrix representation of a receiver's output generated from horizontal and vertical sweeps of the receiver's output, an eye opening of the receiver's output. The adaptation circuitry is also operable to determine whether a size of the eye opening needs to be changed. When it is determined that the size of the eye opening needs to be changed, the adaptation circuitry is operable to generate a digital signal to change a gain setting of the receiver. When the signal at the receiver's output is under-equalized, the AC gain of the receiver is increased. When the signal at the receiver's output is over-equalized, the AC gain of the receiver is decreased.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A method for adjusting gain of a receiver having an output, the method comprising:
identifying an eye opening of the receiver's output;
determining, using on-die instrument (ODI) circuitry, whether a vertical height of the eye opening needs to be changed; and
when it is determined that the vertical height of the eye opening needs to be changed, generating, using adaptation circuitry coupled to the ODI circuitry, a digital signal to change an AC gain setting and a DC gain setting of the receiver.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein identifying the eye opening of the receiver's output comprises:
generating a matrix representation of the receiver's output; and
identifying the eye opening of the receiver's output based on the generated matrix representation.

3. The method of claim 2 , wherein elements of the generated matrix representation have a first value where an eye opening exists and a second value where an eye opening does not exist.

4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising calculating the vertical height of the identified eye opening.

5. The method of claim 4 , wherein determining whether the vertical height of the eye opening needs to be changed comprises comparing the calculated vertical height to a pre-defined vertical envelope.

6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising finding envelope limits of the receiver's output before identifying the eye opening of the receiver's output.

7. The method of claim 1 , further comprising determining whether the receiver's output is under-equalized or over-equalized, and wherein generating the digital signal to change the AC gain setting and the DC gain setting of the receiver comprises:
when it is determined that the receiver's output is under-equalized, generating a digital signal to increase the AC gain of the receiver if the AC gain of the receiver is not at a maximum setting; and
when it is determined that the receiver's output is over-equalized, generating a digital signal to decrease the AC gain of the receiver if the AC gain of the receiver is not at a minimum setting.

8. The method of claim 7 , wherein generating the digital signal to change the AC gain setting and the DC gain setting of the receiver comprises:
when it is determined that the receiver's output is under-equalized and the AC gain of the receiver is at the maximum setting, generating a digital signal to decrease the DC gain of the receiver and set the AC gain of the receiver substantially equal to zero; and
when it is determined that the receiver's output is over-equalized and the AC gain of the receiver is at the minimum setting, generating a digital signal to increase the DC gain of the receiver and set the AC gain of the receiver substantially equal to zero.

9. Adaptation circuitry in an integrated circuit, said circuitry comprising:
circuitry that identifies an eye opening of a receiver's output;
circuitry that determines whether a vertical height of the eye opening needs to be changed; and
circuitry that, when it is determined that the vertical height of the eye opening needs to be changed, generates a digital signal to change an AC gain setting and a DC gain setting of the receiver.

10. The adaptation circuitry of claim 9 , wherein the circuitry that identifies the eye opening of the receiver's output identifies the eye opening based on a matrix representation of the receiver's output.

11. The adaptation circuitry of claim 9 , further comprising:
circuitry that calculates the vertical height of the identified eye opening; and
circuitry that compares the calculated vertical height to a pre-defined vertical envelope.

12. The adaptation circuitry of claim 10 , further comprising circuitry that controls horizontal and vertical sweeps of the receiver's output.

13. The adaptation circuitry of claim 9 , further comprising circuitry that finds envelope limits of the receiver's output.

14. The adaptation circuitry of claim 9 , further comprising:
circuitry that determines whether the receiver's output is under-equalized or over-equalized;
circuitry that, when it is determined that the receiver's output is under-equalized:
generates a digital signal to increase the AC gain of the receiver if the AC gain of the receiver is not at a maximum setting, and
generates a digital signal to decrease the DC gain of the receiver and set the AC gain of the receiver substantially equal to zero if the AC gain of the receiver is at the maximum setting; and
circuitry that, when it is determined that the receiver's output is over-equalized:
generates a digital signal to decrease the AC gain of the receiver if the AC gain of the receiver is not at a minimum setting, and
generate a digital signal to increase the DC gain of the receiver and set the AC gain of the receiver substantially equal to zero if the AC gain of the receiver is at the minimum setting.

15. A communications system comprising:
a receiver having at least one amplifier;
an on-die instrument (ODI) configured to sample an output of the receiver;
a first digital adaptation unit configured to:
analyze outputs of the ODI; and
generate a first set of digital signals for adjusting a gain setting of the at least one amplifier in the receiver;
a decision feedback equalizer (DFE) configured to amplify the output of the receiver; and
a clock-data recovery (CDR) unit coupled to an output of the DFE and configured to send data to the ODI.

16. The system of claim 15 , wherein the first digital adaptation unit is further configured to generate a matrix representation of the receiver's output.

17. The system of claim 15 , further comprising a second digital adaptation unit configured to generate a second set of digital signals for adjusting a gain setting of the DFE.

18. The system of claim 15 , further comprising circuitry for bypassing the DFE such that the CDR unit is coupled to the output of the receiver.

19. The system of claim 15 , further comprising a digital-to-analog converter configured to generate, based on the first set of digital signals, a bias signal that sets the gain setting of the at least one amplifier in the receiver.

20. The system of claim 19 , wherein:
the receiver has a plurality of amplifiers;
the digital-to-analog converter generates, based on the first set of digital signals, a first plurality of bias signals for setting AC gains of the plurality of amplifiers; and
the digital-to-analog converter generates, based on the first set of digital signals, a second plurality of bias signals for setting DC gains of the plurality of amplifiers.

Assignees

• Altera Corp

Inventors

• Hoang Tim Tri
• Nguyen Nam V

Classifications

• H04L5/006

  Quality of the received signal, e.g. BER, SNR, water filling · CPC title

• H04B3/143

  using amplitude-frequency equalisers · CPC title

• H03G3/002 Primary

  Control of digital or coded signals (H03G3/3089 take precedence) · CPC title

• H04L25/03885 Primary

  adaptive · CPC title

• H04L25/03019

  adaptive, i.e. capable of adjustment during data reception · CPC title