Use of amines and/or Mannich adducts in fuel and lubricant compositions for direct injection spark ignition engines

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9309475-B2
Application number	US-201313870821-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Apr 25, 2013
Priority date	Dec 2, 2002
Publication date	Apr 12, 2016
Grant date	Apr 12, 2016

Abstract

The present invention relates to the use of amines and/or Mannich adducts as detergents and/or dispersants in fuel and lubricant compositions for direct-injection gasoline engines. The invention further relates to fuel and lubricant compositions which comprise at least one such Mannich adduct, and also a bisaminoalkylated Mannich adduct.

First claim

We claim:

1. A process for reducing deposits in a direct-injection gasoline engine, comprising:
directly injecting a fuel into a combustion chamber of the direct injection gasoline engine through a nozzle disposed in the combustion chamber;
wherein the fuel comprises a component B comprising at least one Mannich adduct of the formula I

where R 1 and R 2 are each independently H, C 1 -C 20 -alkyl or C 3 -C 20 -cycloalkyl, and two alkyl radicals together with the nitrogen atom to which they are bonded may form a ring and the alkyl and the cycloalkyl radicals may be interrupted by one or more groups selected from O and NR 4 and/or may be substituted by one or more OR 5 or NR 6 R 7 groups, where
R 4 , R 5 , R 6 and R 7 are each independently H, C 1 -C 20 -alkyl or C 3 -C 20 -cycloalkyl,
R 8 is a polyisobutene radical which is derived from reactive a polyisobutene polymer having at least 50 mol %, based on the total number of polyisobutene macromolecules, of terminal double bonds,
R 9 is a C 1 -C 6 -alkyl group,
R 10 is H or C 1 -C 6 -alkyl,
m is a number from 0 to (4-n) and
n is a number from 1 to 3,
with the proviso that the sum of the molecular weights of the radicals NR 1 R 2 is from 120 to 1,000 g/mol.

2. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the sum of the molecular weights of the radicals NR 1 R 2 in component B is from 180 to 600 g/mol.

3. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the radicals R 1 and R 2 in component B are each independently H, C 6 -C 20 -alkyl, C 6 -C 20 -cycloalkyl,
CR 11 R 12 ) x —NR 4 y CR 13 R 14 ) z —NR 6 R 7   (II),

CR 11 R 12 ) x —O y CR 13 R 14 ) z —NR 6 R 7   (III) or

CR 11 R 12 ) x —NR 4 y CR 13 R 14 ) z —OR 5   (IV)

where R 4 , R 5 , R 11 , R 12 , R 13 and R 14 are each independently H or C 1 -C 6 -alkyl,
R 6 and R 7 are each independently H, C 1 -C 6 -alkyl or C 1 -C 6 -hydroxyalkyl,
x and z are each independently a number from 1 to 20 and
y is a number from 0 to 10.

4. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein R 8 is a polyisobutene radical which is derived from reactive polyisobutenes.

5. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein R 8 in component B is in the p-position to the OH group.

6. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein component B is employed in the form of a fuel or lubricant concentrate comprising component B in an amount of from 0.1 to 80% by weight.

7. A process as claimed in claim 1 , in which the direct-injection gasoline engine is operated at a lambda value of from 0.9 to 9.

8. A process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein component B comprises at least one Mannich adduct of the formula I.1

wherein R 8 is a polyisobutene radical having a number-average molecular weight of from 300 to 3000,
R 1 and R 2 are each independently C 6 -C 20 -alkyl, C 6 -C 20 -cycloalkyl,
CR 11 R 12 ) x —NR 4 y CR 13 R 14 ) z —NR 6 R 7   (II),

CR 11 R 12 ) x —O y CR 13 R 14 ) z —NR 6 R 7   (III) or

CR 11 R 12 ) x —NR 4 y CR 13 R 14 ) z —OR 5   (IV),

R 4 , R 5 , R 11 , R 12 , R 13 and R 14 are each independently H or C 1 -C 6 -alkyl,
R 6 and R 7 are each independently H, C 1 -C 6 -alkyl or C 1 -C 6 -hydroxyalkyl,
R 9 is a C 1 -C 6 -alkyl group,
x and z are each independently a number from 1 to 20 and
y is a number from 0 to 10; and
m is 0 or 1.

9. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the fuel is injected in the combustion chamber under lean conditions.

10. A process for reducing deposits in a direct-injection gasoline engine, comprising:
directly injecting a fuel into a combustion chamber of the direct injection gasoline engine through a nozzle disposed in the combustion chamber;
wherein the fuel comprises a component B comprising at least one Mannich adduct of the formula I

where R 1 and R 2 are each independently H, C 1 -C 20 -alkyl or C 3 -C 20 -cycloalkyl, and two alkyl radicals together with the nitrogen atom to which they are bonded may form a ring and the alkyl and the cycloalkyl radicals may be interrupted by one or more groups selected from O and NR 4 and/or may be substituted by one or more OR 5 or NR 6 R 7 groups, where
R 4 , R 5 , R 6 and R 7 are each independently H, C 1 -C 20 -alkyl or C 3 -C 20 -cycloalkyl,
R 8 is a polyisobutene radical which is derived from a reactive polyisobutene polymer having at least 50 mol %, based on the total number of polyisobutene macromolecules, of terminal double bonds,
R 9 is a C 1 -C 6 -alkyl group,
R 10 is H or C 1 -C 6 -alkyl,
m is a number from 0 to (4-n), and
n is 2,
with the proviso that the sum of the molecular weights of the radicals NR 1 R 2 is from 120 to 1,000 g/mol.

11. The process as claimed in claim 10 , wherein the sum of the molecular weights of the radicals NR 1 R 2 in component B is from 180 to 600 g/mol.

12. The process as claimed in claim 10 , wherein the radicals R 1 and R 2 in component B are each independently H, C 6 -C 20 -alkyl, C 6 -C 20 -cycloalkyl,
CR 11 R 12 ) x —NR 4 y CR 13 R 14 ) z —NR 6 R 7   (II),

CR 11 R 12 ) x —O y CR 13 R 14 ) z —NR 6 R 7   (III) or

CR 11 R 12 ) x —NR 4 y CR 13 R 14 ) z —OR 5   (IV)

where R 4 , R 5 , R 11 , R 12 , R 13 and R 14 are each independently H or C 1 -C 6 -alkyl,
R 6 and R 7 are each independently H, C 1 -C 6 -alkyl or C 1 -C 6 -hydroxyalkyl,
x and z are each independently a number from 1 to 20 and
y is a number from 0 to 10.

13. The process as claimed in claim 10 , wherein R 8 in component B is in the p-position to the OH group.

14. The process as claimed in claim 10 , wherein component B is employed in the form of a fuel or lubricant concentrate comprising component B in an amount of from 0.1 to 80% by weight.

15. A process as claimed in claim 10 , in which the direct-injection gasoline engine is operated at a lambda value of from 0.9 to 9.

16. A process as claimed in claim 10 , wherein component B comprises at least one Mannich adduct of the formula I.1

wherein R 8 is a polyisobutene radical having a number-average molecular weight of from 300 to 3000,
R 1 and R 2 are each independently C 6 -C 20 -alkyl, C 6 -C 20 -cycloalkyl,
CR 11 R 12 ) x —NR 4 y CR 13 R 14 ) z —NR 6 R 7   (II),

CR 11 R 12 ) x —O y CR 13 R 14 ) z —NR 6 R 7   (III) or

CR 11 R 12 ) x —NR 4 y CR 13 R 14 ) z —OR 5   (IV),

R 4 , R 5 , R 11 , R 12 , R 13 and R 14 are each independently H or C 1 -C 6 -alkyl,
R 6 and R 7 are each independently H, C 1 -C 6 -alkyl or C 1 -C 6 -hydroxyalkyl,
R 9 is a C 1 -C 6 -alkyl group,
x and z are each independently a number from 1 to 20,
y is a number from 0 to 10, and
m is 0 or 1.

17. A process as claimed in claim 16 , wherein R 8 is a polyisobutene radical which is derived from reactive polyisobutenes having at least 50 mol %, based on the total number of polyisobutene macromolecules of terminal double bonds.

18.

Assignees

• Basf Se

Inventors

• Lange Arno
• Rath Hans Peter
• Walter Marc
• Bergemann Marco
• Schmidt Helmut

Classifications

• C10L1/2225 Primary

  hydroxy containing (C10L1/221 takes precedence) · CPC title

• C10M133/08

  containing hydroxy groups · CPC title

• C10L10/04

  for minimising corrosion or incrustation · CPC title

• C10L1/238

  obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds {(C10L1/221 takes precedence)} · CPC title

• C10L1/1608

  Well defined compounds, e.g. hexane, benzene · CPC title