Electrochemical high rate storage materials, process and electrodes

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9284190-B2
Application number	US-201213548515-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Jul 13, 2012
Priority date	Jul 13, 2012
Publication date	Mar 15, 2016
Grant date	Mar 15, 2016

Abstract

A non-activated, majority non-graphitic amorphous carbon material may be produced by supplying a carbonized precursor material, heating the carbonized precursor material in a first heating step at a temperature and for a duration sufficient to produce a heat-treated carbon material that has a specific surface area less than about 500 m 2 /g and is less than about 20% graphitic by mass, purifying the heat-treated carbon material, and heating the purified heat-treated carbon material in a second heating step at a temperature and for a duration to produce a non-activated, majority non-graphitic amorphous carbon material that has a specific surface area less than about 500 m 2 /g and is less than about 20% graphitic by mass.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. A process for producing a non-activated, majority non-graphitic amorphous carbon material, the process comprising:
providing a carbonized precursor material;
heating the carbonized precursor material in a first heating step at a temperature ranging from about 800° C. to about 1200° C. and for a duration ranging from about 0.5 hours to about 12 hours to produce a non-activated, heat-treated carbon material;
purifying the non-activated, heat-treated carbon material to produce a purified heat-treated carbon material by washing the non-activated, heat-treated carbon material with at least one of an acidic chemical solution comprising an acidic chemical species and a basic chemical solution comprising a basic chemical species; and
heating the purified heat-treated carbon material in a second heating step at a temperature and for a duration sufficient to produce a non-activated, majority non-graphitic amorphous carbon material that has a specific surface area less than about 500 m 2 /g and is less than about 20% graphitic by mass.

2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the non-activated, majority non-graphitic amorphous carbon has a Raman Graphitization Ratio of less than about 2:1.

3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the non-activated, majority non-graphitic amorphous carbon has a X-ray Graphitization Ratio of less than about 25:1.

4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the non-activated, majority non-graphitic amorphous carbon material is less than about 10% graphitic by mass.

5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the acidic chemical species is selected from the group consisting of HCI, HCIO 4 , HI, HBr, HNO 3 , H 2 SO 4 , CH 3 COOH, HCOOH, HF, HCN, HNO 2 and combinations thereof.

6. The process of claim 1 , wherein the basic chemical species is selected from the group consisting of NH 4 OH, NaOH, KOH, Ba(OH) 2 , CH 3 NH 2 , C 5 H 5 N and combinations thereof.

7. The process of claim 1 , wherein the purifying comprises rinsing the non-activated, heat-treated carbon material with the acidic chemical solution prior to rinsing the non-activated, heat-treated carbon material with the basic chemical solution.

8. The process of claim 1 , further comprising rinsing the purified heat-treated carbon material with water prior to the second heating step.

9. The process of claim 1 , wherein during the second heating step the purified heat-treated carbon material is heated in an inert gas environment comprising at least one gas selected from the group consisting of N 2 , He and Ar.

10. The process of claim 1 , wherein the temperature of the second heating step is between about 800° C. and 1200° C.

11. The process of claim 1 , wherein the duration of the second heating step is between about 0.5 and 12 hours.

12. A process for producing a non-activated, majority non-graphitic amorphous carbon material, the process comprising:
providing a carbonized precursor material;
heating the carbonized precursor material in a first heating step at a temperature ranging from about 800° C. to about 1200° C. and for a duration ranging from about 0.5 hours to about 12 hours to produce a non-activated, heat-treated carbon material;
purifying the non-activated, heat-treated carbon material to produce a purified heat-treated carbon material by washing the non-activated, heat-treated carbon material with at least one of an acidic chemical solution comprising an acidic chemical species and a basic chemical solution comprising a basic chemical species; and
heating the purified heat-treated-carbon material in a second heating step at a temperature and for a duration sufficient to produce a non-activated, majority non-graphitic amorphous carbon material that has a specific surface area less than about 500 m 2 /g and has at least one of a Raman Graphitization Ratio of less than about 2:1 and an X-ray Graphitization Ratio of less than about 25:1.

Assignees

• Gadkaree Kishor Purushottam
• Lim James Robert
• Corning Inc

Inventors

• Gadkaree Kishor Purushottam
• Lim James Robert

Classifications

• H01M4/625

  Carbon or graphite · CPC title

• H01M4/133

  Electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx · CPC title

• C01B31/02 Primary

  Chemistry & Metallurgy · mapped topic

• H01M4/587 Primary

  for inserting or intercalating light metals · CPC title

• Y02E60/122

  Cross-Sectional Technologies · mapped topic