Real time data compression and transmission

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9238964-B2
Application number	US-201113639960-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Apr 8, 2011
Priority date	Apr 9, 2010
Publication date	Jan 19, 2016
Grant date	Jan 19, 2016

Abstract

Systems, methods, and devices are provided for compressing a variety of signals, such as measured signals from a hydrocarbon operation, that may be stored and/or transmitted in compressed form. Segmentation tools and techniques are used to compress the signals. Segmentation techniques include breaking a signal into segments and representing the data samples of the signal as segment boundary points, which may reflect where changes occur in the signal, and segment parameters, which may be utilized to model the segmented data. Embodiments can be used in real-time or in batch modes. New data samples can influence previous segment boundary points and/or segment parameters in some cases. Systems may modify what has already been stored or displayed as a result in revising segmentation information based on analysis utilizing the new data samples. Embodiments may utilize different Bayesian analysis techniques including the use of prior probability distributions and maximum a posteriori analyses.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A method of compressing sensor data comprising:
using a first sensor to detect a property of the first sensor's physical environment and to convert the detected property into data samples;
identifying a plurality of the data samples from the first sensor;
determining a segmentation of the plurality of data samples from the first sensor, wherein the determined segmentation comprises:
a plurality of segments of varying sizes and each segment of the determined segmentation includes:
one or more segment parameters describing a model of the data samples in the respective segment; and
a segment boundary point indicating a boundary between the respective segment and a preceding segment in the plurality of segments, and wherein the segment boundary point is determined from a change beyond a determined threshold between the one or more segment parameters in the preceding segment and the one or more segment parameters in the respective segment; and

storing the segment boundary point and one or more segment parameters for each of the one or more segments of the determined segmentation.

2. The method of compressing sensor data of claim 1 further comprising:
determining a plurality of segmentations of the plurality of data samples from the first sensor;
selecting one of the plurality of segmentations based on a most probable segmentation analysis of the plurality of segmentations; and
utilizing the selected segmentation as the determined segmentation of the plurality of data samples from the first sensor.

3. The method of compressing sensor data of claim 1 wherein the determined segmentation is determined from at least a transmission bandwidth constraint or a storage constraint.

4. The method of compressing sensor data of claim 1 wherein the one or more segment parameters of a respective segment provide a linear model of the data samples in the respective segment.

5. The method of compressing sensor data of claim 4 wherein the one or more segment parameters comprise at least one of a gradient or an axis intercept of the linear model.

6. The method of compressing sensor data of claim 4 wherein the linear model comprises at least one of a step function or a ramp function.

7. The method of compressing sensor data of claim 1 wherein the one or more segment parameters describe a non-linear model of the data samples in the respective segment.

8. The method of compressing sensor data of claim 1 further comprising:
transmitting the segment boundary point and one or more segment parameters for each of the plurality of segments of the determined segmentation.

9. The method of compressing sensor data of claim 8 wherein transmitting the segment boundary point and one or more segment parameters for each of the plurality of segments of the determined segmentation occurs at a rate less than 3 kilobits per second.

10. The method of compressing sensor data of claim 8 wherein transmitting the segment boundary point and one or more segment parameters for each of the plurality of segments of the determined segmentation occurs at a rate less than 1 kilobits per second.

11. The method of compressing sensor data of claim 8 wherein transmitting the segment boundary point and one or more segment parameters for each of the plurality of segments of the determined segmentation occurs at a rate less than 100 bits per second.

12. The method of compressing sensor data of claim 8 wherein transmitting the segment boundary point and one or more segment parameters for each of the plurality of segments of the determined segmentation occurs dynamically based on a bandwidth constraint.

13. The method of compressing sensor data of claim 1 further comprising:
determining a noise variance for each segment of the determined segmentation;
storing the noise variance for each segment of the determined segmentation; and
transmitting the noise variance for each segment of the determined segmentation.

14. The method of compressing sensor data of claim 1 further comprising:
identifying additional data samples from the first sensor;
determining an updated segmentation of the plurality of data samples and the additional data samples;
determining difference information between the determined segmentation of the plurality of data samples and the updated segmentation of the plurality of data samples and the additional data samples; and
storing the difference information between the determined segmentation of the plurality of data samples and the updated segmentation of the plurality of data samples and the additional data sample.

15. The method of compressing sensor data of claim 14 further comprising:
transmitting the difference information.

16. The method of compressing sensor data of claim 14 wherein the difference information includes at least adding one or more new segment boundary points, adding one or more new segment parameters, deleting one or more stored segment boundary point, or revising one or more stored segment parameter of one or more segments in the plurality of segments.

17. The method of compressing sensor data of claim 8 wherein transmitting the segment boundary point and one or more segment parameters for each of the one or more segments of the determined segmentation further comprises delaying the transmission based on bandwidth considerations.

18. The method of compressing sensor data of claim 1 further comprising:
identifying a plurality of data samples from a second sensor;
determining a segmentation of the plurality of data samples of the second sensor into one or more segments, wherein each segment of the segmentation includes:
the segment boundary point from the determined segmentation of the plurality of data samples of the first sensor; and
one or more segment parameters describing a model of the data samples from the second sensor in the respective segment; and

storing the one or more segment parameters for each of the plurality of segments of the determined segmentation of the data samples of the second sensor.

19. The method of compressing sensor data of claim 18 further comprising:
transmitting the segment boundary point and one or more segment parameters for each of the one or more segments of the determined segmentation of the data samples of the first sensor and the second sensor.

20. The method of compressing sensor data of claim 18 wherein the one or more segment parameters that describe the model of the data samples from the second sensor for a respective segment are determined with respect to the segment parameters that describe the model of the data samples of the first sensor for a respective segment.

21. A sensor system for providing compressed sensor data, the system comprising:
one or more sensors configured to measure a property of an environment in which the one or more sensors are disposed and convert the measured property into data;
a processor in communication with the one or more sensors; and
a memory device including processor-executable instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to:
identify plurality of data samples from one of the sensors;
determine a segmentation of the plurality of data samples from one of the sensors, wherein the determined segmentation includes a plurality of segments of varying sizes, each segment of the determined segmentation including:
one or more segment parameters that describe a model of the data samples for the respective segment; and
a segment boundary point that in

Assignees

• Ringer Maurice
• Aldred Walter
• Dunlop Jonathan
• Schlumberger Technology Corp

Inventors

• Ringer Maurice
• Aldred Walter
• Dunlop Jonathan

Classifications

• H04Q9/00

  Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems for selectively calling a substation from a main station, in which substation desired apparatus is selected for applying a control signal thereto or for obtaining measured values therefrom · CPC title

• H03M7/3064

  Segmenting · CPC title

• H04Q2209/823

  where the data is sent when the measured values exceed a threshold, e.g. sending an alarm · CPC title

• E21B47/12 Primary

  Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling · CPC title