Energy-disutility modeling for agile demand response

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9235847-B2
Application number	US-201113328961-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Dec 16, 2011
Priority date	Dec 16, 2011
Publication date	Jan 12, 2016
Grant date	Jan 12, 2016

Abstract

An energy management system identifies one or more energy-load components, and generates an energy-disutility graph for the identified components. The energy-disutility graph can include, for each of a sequence of discrete time instances, one or more vertices that each corresponds to an alternative operating state for a component. Further, an arc that couples two vertices indicates an energy-disutility model corresponding to energy and disutility costs for the component. The energy management system also communicates an energy-demand bid to the energy provider, such that the energy-demand bid includes the energy-disutility graph.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A computer-implemented method comprising:
identifying, by a computer, one or more electrical components coupled to an energy management system;
obtaining, by the computer, settings information from a respective component to determine a historical operating schedule for the respective component;
generating, by the computer, an energy-disutility graph that is a connected graph that indicates an energy consumption for the one or more components, wherein generating the energy-disutility graph involves:
generating, for each of a sequence of discrete time instances, one or more vertices that each corresponds to an alternative operating state for the respective component
computing, for a pair of generated vertices that correspond to two adjacent time instances of the energy-disutility graph, an energy disutility cost that corresponds to a consumer's perceived cost of not utilizing the respective component between the two adjacent time instances and is based at least on the operating schedule; and
generating an arc that couples the pair of generated vertices and indicates the computed energy disutility cost;

determining price information for energy;
determining, by the computer, a new operating schedule for the respective component by traversing the energy-disutility graph based on the price information;
generating, for the respective component, updated settings information that includes the new operating schedule;
sending the updated settings information to the respective component and
implementing, by the respective component, an operation based on the updated settings information.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the energy-disutility graph includes a trellis structure with one or more vertices for a sequence of time instances, and wherein generating the energy-disutility graph further comprises:
generating the one or more vertices by:
generating an unexpanded vertex for the respective component;
determining state parameters for the unexpanded vertex based on a decode function associated with the respective component, wherein the decode function maps a respective vertex to a corresponding operating state of a component;
computing state parameters for a target-state of the respective component based on a state-transition function and a control-action function, wherein the control-action function maps an operating state and a time to a control action that is to be taken by a component, and wherein the state-transition function determines one or more destination operating states accessible from one or more operating states associated with a control action; and
determining a second vertex corresponding to the target-state parameters based on an encode function associated with the respective component, wherein the encode function maps a respective operating state of a component to a corresponding vertex.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining the price information for energy comprises receiving, from an aggregator or an energy provider, a proposed price for energy corresponding to one or more discrete time intervals.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the price information for energy includes an energy-price vector, which indicates an expected price for energy over a sequence of discrete time instances; and
wherein determining the operating schedule for the respective component comprises:
selecting a path through the energy-disutility graph based on the energy-price vector; and
determining the operating schedule for the respective component based on the selected path.

5. The method of claim 4 , wherein determining the price information for energy comprises:
determining an expected change in energy price for a future time instance;
determining a new energy price, by adding the expected change in energy price to a base energy price for the future time instance; and
storing the new energy price at an entry of the energy-price vector that corresponds to the future time instance.

6. The method of claim 5 , wherein determining the expected change in energy price for the future time instance comprises determining an expected change in value to an energy-related parameter that influences a price for energy from an energy provider; and
wherein the energy-related parameter is selected from the group consisting of:
a weather forecast at the future time instance;
a market price for an energy source at the future time instance;
a holiday event for the future time instance;
a day of month for the future time instance;
a day of week for the future time instance; and
a time of day for the future time instance.

7. The method of claim 1 , further comprising communicating an energy-demand bid to an aggregator, wherein the energy-demand bid includes the energy-disutility graph.

8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the aggregator is an energy provider.

9. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that when executed by a computer cause the computer to perform a method, the method comprising:
identifying, by a computer, one or more electrical components coupled to an energy management system;
obtaining, by the computer, settings information from a respective component to determine a historical operating schedule for the respective component
generating, by the computer, an energy-disutility graph that is a connected graph that indicates an energy consumption for the one or more components, wherein generating the energy-disutility graph involves:
generating, for each of a sequence of discrete time instances, one or more vertices that each corresponds to an alternative operating state for the respective component
computing, for a pair of generated vertices that correspond to two adjacent time instances of the energy-disutility graph, an energy disutility cost that corresponds to a consumer's perceived cost of not utilizing the respective component between the two adjacent time instances and is based at least on the historical operating schedule; and
generating an arc that couples the pair of generated vertices and indicates the computed energy disutility cost;

determining price information for energy
determining, by the computer, a new operating schedule for the respective component by traversing the energy-disutility graph based on the price information;
generating, for the respective component, updated settings information that includes the new operating schedule;
sending the updated settings information to the respective component and
implementing, by the respective component, an operation based on the updated settings information.

10. The storage medium of claim 9 , wherein the energy-disutility graph includes a trellis structure with one or more vertices for a sequence of time instances, and wherein generating the energy-disutility graph further comprises:
generating the one or more vertices by:
generating an unexpanded vertex for the respective component;
determining state parameters for the unexpanded vertex based on a decode function associated with the respective component, wherein the decode function maps a respective vertex to a corresponding operating state of a component;
computing state parameters for a target-state of the respective component based on a state-transition function and a control-action function, wherein the control-action function maps an operating state and a time to a control action that is to be taken by a component, and wherein the state-transition function determines one or more destination operating states accessible from one or more operating states associated with a control action; and

determining a second vertex corresponding to the target-state parameters based on an encode function associ

Assignees

• Greene Daniel H
• Hindi Haitham
• Palo Alto Res Ct Inc

Inventors

• Greene Daniel H
• Hindi Haitham

Classifications

• G06Q30/02

  Marketing; Price estimation or determination; Fundraising · CPC title

• G06Q30/0283

  Price estimation or determination · CPC title

• G06Q30/0202 Primary

  Market predictions or forecasting for commercial activities · CPC title

• G06Q50/06

  Energy or water supply · CPC title

• G06Q10/04

  Forecasting or optimisation specially adapted for administrative or management purposes, e.g. linear programming or "cutting stock problem" (market predictions or forecasting for commercial activities G06Q30/0202) · CPC title