Lithium-ion secondary battery, negative electrode for lithium-ion secondary battery, battery pack, electric vehicle, power storage system, electric tool, and electronic device

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9048485-B2
Application number	US-201213526133-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Jun 18, 2012
Priority date	Jun 24, 2011
Publication date	Jun 2, 2015
Grant date	Jun 2, 2015

Abstract

A lithium-ion secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode containing an active material, and an electrolytic solution, in which the active material includes a core portion capable of occluding and releasing lithium ions, and a covering portion arranged on at least part of a surface of the core portion, in which the covering portion contains, as constituent elements, Si, O, and at least one element M1 selected from Li, C, Mg, Al, Ca, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ge, Zr, Mo, Ag, Sn, Ba, W, Ta, Na, and K, and the atomic ratio y (O/Si) of O to Si is 0.5≦y≦1.8.

First claim

The invention is claimed as follows:

1. A lithium-ion secondary battery comprising:
a positive electrode;
a negative electrode containing a plurality of active material particles; and
an electrolytic solution, wherein each of the active material particles includes:
a core portion capable of occluding and releasing lithium ions, and
a covering portion arranged on at least part of a surface of the core portion,

wherein the covering portion comprises Si, O, and at least one element M1 selected from Li, C, Mg, Al, Ca, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ge, Zr, Mo, Ag, Sn, Ba, W, Ta, Na, and K,
wherein an atomic ratio y (O/Si) of 0 to Si is 0.5≦y≦1.8, and
wherein the core portion has a median diameter of 0.3 μm to 20 μm.

2. The lithium-ion secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the ratio of M1 to a total of Si and O (M1/(Si+O)) is 50 atomic percent or less.

3. The lithium-ion secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein at least one of the atoms of M1 is bonded to at least one of Si and O.

4. The lithium-ion secondary battery according to claim 3 , wherein the covering portion contains a compound of Si, O, and M1.

5. The lithium-ion secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein an average coverage of the covering portion on the core portion ranges from 30% to 100%.

6. The lithium-ion secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the covering portion has an average thickness of 1 nm to 10,000 nm.

7. The lithium-ion secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the covering portion has a multilayer structure.

8. The lithium-ion secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the core portion comprises at least one of Si and Sn.

9. The lithium-ion secondary battery according to claim 8 , wherein the core portion comprises Si and O, and the atomic ratio x (O/Si) of O to Si is 0≦x<0.5.

10. The lithium-ion secondary battery according to claim 8 , wherein:
the core portion comprises at least one element M2 selected from the group consisting of Fe and Al, and
the ratio of M2 to a total of Si and O (M2/(Si+O)) ranges from 0.01 atomic percent to 50 atomic percent.

11. The lithium-ion secondary battery according to claim 8 , wherein:
the core portion comprises at least one element M3 selected from Cr and Ni, and
the ratio of M3 to a total of Si and O (M3/(Si+O)) ranges from 1 atomic percent to 50 atomic percent.

12. The lithium-ion secondary battery according to claim 8 , wherein:
the core portion comprises at least one element M4 selected from B, Mg, Ca, Ti, V, Mn, Co, Cu, Ge, Y, Zr, Mo, Ag, In, Sn, Sb, Ta, W, Pb, La, Ce, Pr, and Nd, and
the ratio of M4 to a total of Si and O (M4/(Si+O)) ranges from 0.01 atomic percent to 30 atomic percent.

13. The lithium-ion secondary battery according to claim 1 ,
wherein each of the active material particles includes a conductive portion arranged on at least part of a surface of the covering portion, the conductive portion having a lower electrical resistance than those of each of the core portion and the covering portion.

14. A battery pack comprising:
the lithium-ion secondary battery according to claim 1 ;
a controller configured to control the usage state of the lithium-ion secondary battery; and
a switching unit configured to switch the usage state of the lithium-ion secondary battery in response to an instruction from the controller.

15. An electric vehicle comprising:
the lithium-ion secondary battery according to claim 1 ;
a conversion unit configured to convert power from the lithium-ion secondary battery into a driving force;
a driven unit configured to be driven in response to the driving force; and
a controller configured to control the usage state of the lithium-ion secondary battery.

16. A power storage system comprising:
the lithium-ion secondary battery according to claim 1 ;
one or two or more electrical devices; and
a controller configured to control the power supply from the lithium-ion secondary battery to the electrical devices.

17. An electric tool comprising:
the lithium-ion secondary battery according to claim 1 ; and
a moving part powered by the lithium-ion secondary battery.

18. An electronic device comprising:
the lithium-ion secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the electronic device is powered by the lithium-ion secondary battery.

19. The lithium-ion secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the covering portion has an average thickness of 100 nm to 10,000 nm.

20. The lithium-ion secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the covering portion comprises granules having a median diameter of 0.3 μm to 20 μm.

21. A negative electrode for a lithium-ion secondary battery, the negative electrode comprising:
a plurality of active material particles,
wherein each of the active material particles includes:
a core portion capable of occluding and releasing lithium ions, and
a covering portion arranged on at least part of a surface of the core portion,

wherein the covering portion comprises Si, O, and at least one element M1 selected from Li, C, Mg, Al, Ca, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ge, Zr, Mo, Ag, Sn, Ba, W, Ta, Na, and K,
wherein an atomic ratio y (O/Si) of O to Si is 0.5≦y≦1.8, and
wherein the core portion has a median diameter of 0.3 μm to 20 μm.

Assignees

• Hirose Takakazu
• Kawase Kenichi
• Fujinaga Takashi
• Koizumi Isao
• Nishi Toshio
• Sony Corp

Inventors

• Hirose Takakazu
• Kawase Kenichi
• Fujinaga Takashi
• Koizumi Isao
• Nishi Toshio

Classifications

• H01M10/48

  Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte (constructional details of current conducting connections for detecting conditions inside cells or batteries, e.g. details of voltage sensing terminals, H01M50/569) · CPC title

• Y02E60/10

  Energy storage using batteries · CPC title

• H01M4/626

  Metals · CPC title

• H01M10/0525

  Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries · CPC title

• H01M4/386

  Silicon or alloys based on silicon · CPC title