Fluorinated carbon composite cathode for a high-energy lithium battery

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-8961833-B2
Application number	US-201113206895-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Aug 10, 2011
Priority date	Nov 24, 2010
Publication date	Feb 24, 2015
Grant date	Feb 24, 2015

Abstract

A lithium/fluorinated carbon (Li/CF x ) battery having a composite cathode including an electroactive cathode material, a non-electroactive additive, a conductive agent, and a binder. The electroactive cathode material is a single fluorinated carbon having a general formula of CF x , whereby x is an averaged value ranging from about 0.5 to about 1.2. The non-electroactive additive is at least one or a mixture of two or more oxides selected from the group comprising Mg, B, Al, Si, Cu, Zn, Y, Ti, Zr, Fe, Co, or Ni. The conductive agent is selected from the group comprising carbon, metals, and mixtures thereof. Finally, the binder is an amorphous polymer selected from the group comprising fluorinated polymers, ethylene-propylene-diene (EPDM) rubbers, styrene butadiene rubbers (SBR), poly (acrylonitrile-methyl methacrylate), carboxymethyl celluloses (CMC), and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Also, a method of reducing the initial voltage drop of a lithium/fluorinated carbon (Li/CF x ) battery by providing a composite cathode which includes an electroactive cathode material having a general formula of CF x , whereby x is an averaged value ranging from about 0.5 to about 1.2, a non-electroactive additive, a conductive agent, and a binder.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A composite cathode comprising:
an electroactive cathode material of a single fluorinated carbon having a general formula of CFx, whereby x is an averaged value of from about 0.5 to about 1.2;
a non-electroactive additive containing at least one oxide selected from the group consisting of Mg, B, Al, Si, Zn, Y, Ti, Zr, Fe, Co, and Ni;
a conductive agent selected from the group consisting of carbon, graphite, metals, and mixtures thereof;
a binder of an amorphous polymer selected from the group consisting of fluorinated polymers, ethylene-propylene-diene (EPDM) rubbers, styrene butadiene rubbers (SBR), poly (acrylonitdle-methyl methacrylate), carboxymethyl celluaoses (CMC), and poayvinyl alcohol (PVA);
wherein the non-electroactive additive is present in a percentage, by weight, ranging about 1% to about 10% of the total weight of the electroactive cathode material, the non-electroactive additive, the conductive agent, and the amorphous polymer binder; and
wherein the composite cathode is for a lithium/fluorinated carbon (Li/CF x ) battery.

2. The composite cathode of claim 1 , wherein the carbon in the electroactive cathode material CF x selected from the group consisting of cokes, carbon fibers, natural graphite, synthetic graphite and carbon blacks.

3. The composite cathode of claim 1 , wherein the electroactive cathode material is present in a percentage, by weight, ranging about 60% to about 95% of the total weight of the electroactive cathode material, the non-electroactive additive, the conductive agent, and the amorphous polymer binder.

4. The composite cathode of claim 1 , wherein the electroactive cathode material is present in a percentage, by weight, ranging about 70% to about 90% of the total weight of the electroactive cathode material, the non-electroactive additive, the conductive agent, and the amorphous polymer binder.

5. The composite cathode of claim 1 , wherein the conductive agent is present in a percentage, by weight, ranging about 5% to about 15% of the total weight of the electroactive cathode material, the non-electroactive additive, the conductive agent, and the amorphous polymer binder.

6. The composite cathode of claim 1 , wherein the binder is present in a percentage, by weight, ranging about 1% to about 10% of the total weight of the electroactive cathode material, the non-electroactive additive, the conductive agent, and the amorphous polymer binder.

7. The composite cathode of claim 1 , wherein the non-electroactive additive contains at least two oxides selected from the group consisting of Mg, B, Al, Si, Zn, Y, Ti, Zr, Fe, Co, and Ni.

8. A method of reducing the initial voltage drop of a lithium/fluorinated carbon (Li/CF x ) battery comprising:
providing an electroactive cathode material according to claim 1 present in a percentage, by weight, ranging about 60% to about 95%;
providing a non-electroactive additive present in a percentage, by weight, ranging about 1% to about 10%;
providing a conductive agent present in a percentage, by weight, ranging about 5% to about 15%; and
providing a binder present in a percentage, by weight, ranging from about 1% to about 10%.

9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the electroactive cathode material is a single fluorinated carbon having a formula of CF x , whereby x is an averaged value ranging from about 0.5 to about 1.2.

10. The method of claim 8 , wherein the non-electroactive additive is at least one oxide of an element selected from the group consisting of Mg, B, Al Si, Cu, Zn, Y, Ti, Zr, Fe, Co, and Ni.

11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the non-electroactive additive contains at least two oxides of elements selected from the group consisting of Mg, B, Al Si, Cu, Zn, Y, Ti, Zr, Fe, Co, and Ni.

12. The method of claim 8 , wherein the conductive agent is selected from the group consisting of carbon, graphite, metals and mixtures thereof.

13. The method of claim 8 , wherein the binder is an amorphous polymer selected from the group consisting of fluorinated polymers, ethylene-propylene-diene (EPDM) rubbers, styrene butadiene rubbers (SBR), poly (acrylonitrHe-methyl methacrylate), carboxymethyl cellunoses (CMC), and poJyvinyl alcohol (PVA).

14. A lithium/fluorinated carbon (Li/CFx) battery having a composite cathode comprising:
an electroactive cathode material of a single fluorinated carbon having a general formula of CF x , whereby x is an averaged value ranging from about 0.5 to about 1.2;
a non-electroactive additive containing at least one oxide comprising an element selected from the group consisting of Mg, B, Al, Si, Cu, Zn, Y, Ti, Zr, Fe, Co, and Ni;
a conductive agent selected from the group comprising carbon, graphite, metals, and mixtures thereof;
a binder of an amorphous polymer selected from the group comprising fluorinated polymers, ethylene-propylene-diene (EPDM) rubbers, styrene butadiene rubbers (SBR), poly (acrylonitrile-methyl methacrylate), carboxymethyl celluloses (CMC), and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA); and wherein the non-electroactive additive is present in a percentage, by weight, ranging about 1% to about 10%.

15. The battery of claim 14 having a composite cathode, wherein the electroactive cathode material is present in a percentage, by weight, ranging about 60% to about 95%.

16. The battery of claim 14 having a composite cathode, wherein the conductive agent is present in a percentage, by weight, ranging about 5% to about 15%.

17. The battery of claim 14 having a composite cathode, wherein the binder is present in a percentage, by weight, ranging about 1% to about 10%.

18. The battery of claim 14 having a composite cathode, wherein the non-electroactive additive contains at least two oxides of elements selected from the group consisting of Mg, B, Al, Si, Cu, Zn, Y, Ti, Zr, Fe, Co, and Ni.

Assignees

• Zhang Shengshui
• Foster Donald L
• Wolfenstine Jeffery
• Read Jeffery A
• Us Army

Inventors

• Zhang Shengshui
• Foster Donald L
• Wolfenstine Jeffery
• Read Jeffery A

Classifications

• H01M4/623

  fluorinated polymers · CPC title

• H01M4/5835 Primary

  Comprising fluorine or fluoride salts · CPC title

• H01M4/622

  being polymers · CPC title

• H01M10/052

  Li-accumulators · CPC title

• Y02E60/122

  Cross-Sectional Technologies · mapped topic