High entropy alloy catalyst for production of hydrogen from ammonia

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2025109017-A1
Application number	US-202318480440-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Oct 3, 2023
Priority date	Oct 3, 2023
Publication date	Apr 3, 2025
Grant date	—

Abstract

Hydrogen may be produced from ammonia by catalytic reaction. For example, a method of hydrogen production may include: introducing ammonia to a reactor, wherein the reactor includes therein a catalyst, wherein the catalyst includes a high entropy alloy, and wherein the high entropy alloy has an entropy, S, such that S≥11.31 J K −1 mol −1 ; reacting the ammonia in the presence of the catalyst to form hydrogen gas and nitrogen gas; and separating the hydrogen gas from the nitrogen gas to produce a hydrogen stream including the hydrogen gas from the reactor.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1 . A method comprising:
introducing ammonia to a reactor, wherein the reactor contains therein a catalyst, wherein the catalyst comprises a high entropy alloy, and wherein the high entropy alloy has an entropy, S, such that S≥11.31 J K −1 mol −1 ; reacting the ammonia in the presence of the catalyst to form hydrogen gas and nitrogen gas; and separating the hydrogen gas from the nitrogen gas to produce a hydrogen stream comprising the hydrogen gas from the reactor.

2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the high entropy alloy comprises 5 or more metals, and wherein each of the 5 or more metals has a composition in the high entropy alloy from 0.1 at % (atomic percentage) to 50 at %.

3 . The method of claim 2 , wherein the 5 or more metals are selected from a group consisting of: cobalt, chromium, iron, manganese, nickel, aluminum, magnesium, copper, zinc, zirconium, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, tungsten, rhenium, iridium, platinum, gold, cerium, ytterbium, tin, calcium, and beryllium.

4 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst further comprises a secondary phase, wherein the secondary phase comprises an intermetallic phase, a laves phase, a carbide phase, a boride phase, a borocarbide phase, a nitride phase, a silicide phase, an aluminide phase, an oxide phase, a phosphide phase, a phosphate phase, a sulfide phase, a sulfate phase, a hydride phase, a hydrate phase, a carbonitride phase, a graphene phase, a graphene oxide phase, a nanotube phase, a graphite phase, or any combination thereof.

5 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the high entropy alloy comprises a catalyst support.

6 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the high entropy alloy comprises a catalyst promotor.

7 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst further comprises an external catalyst support.

8 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst further comprises an external catalyst promotor.

9 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst further comprises a non-stick additive, and wherein the non-stick additive comprises a magnesium silicate, a boron silicate, a borate silicate, aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, or any combination thereof.

10 . The method of claim 1 , wherein a pressure of the reactor is from 1 bar to 25 bar.

11 . The method of claim 1 , wherein a temperature of the reactor is from 300° C. to 1200° C.

12 . A method comprising:
introducing ammonia to a reactor, wherein the reactor contains therein a catalyst, wherein the catalyst comprises a high entropy alloy, wherein the high entropy alloy has an entropy, S, such that S≥11.31 J K −1 mol −1 , wherein the high entropy alloy comprises 5 or more metals, wherein each of the 5 or more metals has a composition in the high entropy alloy from 0.1 at % (atomic percentage) to 50 at %; and wherein the 5 or more metals are selected from a group consisting of: cobalt, chromium, iron, manganese, nickel, aluminum, magnesium, copper, zinc, zirconium, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, tungsten, rhenium, iridium, platinum, gold, cerium, ytterbium, tin, calcium, and beryllium; reacting the ammonia in the presence of the catalyst to form hydrogen gas and nitrogen gas; and separating the hydrogen gas from the nitrogen gas to produce a hydrogen stream comprising the hydrogen gas from the reactor.

13 . A system comprising:
a reactor, wherein the reactor contains therein a catalyst, wherein the catalyst comprises a high entropy alloy, and wherein the high entropy alloy has an entropy, S, such that S≥11.31 J K −1 mol −1 , and wherein the reactor reacts ammonia the presence of the catalyst to form hydrogen gas and nitrogen gas; and a separation system, wherein the separation system separates the hydrogen gas from the nitrogen to produce a hydrogen stream comprising the hydrogen gas.

14 . The system of claim 13 , wherein the high entropy alloy comprises 5 or more metals, and wherein each of the 5 or more metals has a composition in the high entropy alloy from 0.1 at % (atomic percentage) to 50 at %.

15 . The system of claim 14 , wherein the 5 or more metals are selected from a group consisting of: cobalt, chromium, iron, manganese, nickel, aluminum, magnesium, copper, zinc, zirconium, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, tungsten, rhenium, iridium, platinum, gold, cerium, ytterbium, tin, calcium, and beryllium.

16 . The system of claim 13 , wherein the catalyst further comprises a secondary phase, wherein the secondary phase comprises an intermetallic phase, a laves phase, a carbide phase, a boride phase, a borocarbide phase, a nitride phase, a silicide phase, an aluminide phase, an oxide phase, a phosphide phase, a phosphate phase, a sulfide phase, a sulfate phase, a hydride phase, a hydrate phase, a carbonitride phase, a graphene phase, a graphene oxide phase, a nanotube phase, a graphite phase, or any combination thereof.

17 . The system of claim 13 , wherein the high entropy alloy comprises a catalyst support.

18 . The system of claim 13 , wherein the high entropy alloy comprises a catalyst promotor.

19 . The system of claim 13 , wherein the catalyst is located in a catalyst bed contained within the reactor.

20 . The system of claim 13 , wherein the catalyst further comprises a non-stick additive, and wherein the non-stick additive comprises a magnesium silicate, a boron silicate, a borate silicate, aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, or any combination thereof.

Assignees

• Saudi Arabian Oil Co

Inventors

• Ozden Sehmus
• Santra Ashok
• Liang Feng
• Abu Raqabah Atieh H

Classifications

• C01B2203/0277

  containing a catalytic decomposition step · CPC title

• C01C1/0411

  characterised by the catalyst · CPC title

• B01J23/72

  Copper · CPC title

• B01J23/28

  Molybdenum · CPC title

• C01B3/047 Primary

  Decomposition of ammonia · CPC title