Systems and methods for separation of carbon dioxide

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2025034721-A1
Application number	US-202318359672-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Jul 26, 2023
Priority date	Jul 26, 2023
Publication date	Jan 30, 2025
Grant date	—

Abstract

Systems and methods related to the separation of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) from a fluid source are generally described.

First claim

1 . An electrochemical system, comprising:
a salt comprising a first Lewis acid cation; a carbamic acid compound; and an electrochemical cell comprising an electrode, wherein, upon discharge or charge of the electrochemical cell, the electrode is configured to produce a second Lewis acid cation that interacts with the carbamic acid compound to release CO 2 from the carbamic acid compound, and wherein the second Lewis acid cation is a stronger Lewis acid than the first Lewis acid cation.

2 . The electrochemical system of claim 1 , wherein the electrode is a negative electrode, and the electrochemical cell further comprises a positive electrode.

3 . The electrochemical system of claim 1 , wherein the salt is an electrolyte salt.

4 . An electrochemical system, comprising:
a fluid source comprising:
an electrolyte salt comprising a first Lewis acid cation; and
a carbamic acid compound; and
an electrochemical cell comprising a positive electrode and a negative electrode, wherein, upon discharge of the electrochemical cell, the negative electrode is configured to produce a second Lewis acid cation that interacts with the carbamic acid compound to release CO 2 from the carbamic acid compound, thereby separating CO 2 from the fluid source, and wherein the second Lewis acid cation is a stronger Lewis acid that the first Lewis acid cation.

5 . The electrochemical system of claim 2 , wherein, upon discharge of the electrochemical cell, the positive electrode is configured to intercalate the first Lewis acid cation.

6 . The electrochemical system of claim 2 , wherein the positive electrode comprises Prussian white (PW), Prussian blue, and/or analogues thereof.

7 . The electrochemical system of claim 2 , wherein the negative electrode comprises a metal.

8 . The electrochemical system of claim 7 , wherein the metal comprises zinc (Zn), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), and/or combinations thereof.

9 . The electrochemical system of claim 1 , wherein the second Lewis acid cation is Zn 2+ , Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , and/or combinations thereof.

10 . The electrochemical system of claim 4 , wherein the fluid source comprises a nonaqueous solvent.

11 . The electrochemical system of claim 10 , wherein the nonaqueous solvent comprises dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), dimethylacetamide (DMA), N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), and/or combinations thereof.

12 . The electrochemical system of claim 3 , wherein the electrolyte salt comprises a potassium (K)-containing salt, a sodium (Na)-containing salt, a lithium (Li)-containing salt, a cesium (Cs)-containing salt, and/or combinations thereof.

13 . The electrochemical system of claim 3 , wherein the electrolyte salt comprises the second Lewis acid cation.

14 . The electrochemical system of claim 3 , wherein the electrolyte salt comprises a Zn-containing salt, a Mg-containing salt, a Ca-containing salt, and/or combinations thereof.

15 . The electrochemical system of claim 1 , wherein the first Lewis acid cation is K + , Na + , Li + , Cs + , and/or combinations thereof.

16 . The electrochemical cell of claim 1 , wherein the carbamic acid compound is a compound of the formula (R 1 ) 2 NCOOH,
wherein: each R 1 is the same or different and is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, deuterium, —C 1 -C 10 alkyl, —C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, —C 3 -C 10 alkynyl, —C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, and —R 2 —O—R 2 , and each R 2 is the same or different and is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, deuterium, —C 1 -C 10 alkyl, —C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, —C 3 -C 10 alkynyl, and —C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl.

17 . The electrochemical cell of claim 16 , wherein the second Lewis acid cation is configured to interact with the carbamic acid compound to release CO 2 from the carbamic acid compound by destabilizing an interaction between an oxygen and a proton of the (R 1 ) 2 NCOOH compound, thereby generating CO 2 , a compound of the formula (R 1 ) 2 NH 2 + , and a compound of the formula (R 1 ) 2 NCOO − ,
wherein: each R 1 is the same or different and is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, deuterium, —C 1 -C 10 alkyl, —C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, —C 3 -C 10 alkynyl, —C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, and —R 2 —O—R 2 , and each R 2 is the same or different and is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, deuterium, —C 1 -C 10 alkyl, —C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, —C 3 -C 10 alkynyl, and —C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl.

18 . The electrochemical system of claim 1 , wherein the carbamic acid compound comprises carbamic acid, (2-methoxyethyl)carbamic acid, (2-ethoxyethyl)carbamic acid, and/or combinations thereof.

19 . The electrochemical system of claim 4 , wherein the fluid source is a liquid electrolyte.

20 . An electrochemical system, comprising:
a fluid source comprising:
an electrolyte salt comprising a first Lewis acid cation; and
a carbamic acid compound; and
an electrochemical cell comprising a positive electrode and a negative electrode, wherein, upon charge of the electrochemical cell, the positive electrode is configured to produce a second Lewis acid cation that interacts with the carbamic acid compound to release CO 2 from the carbamic acid compound, thereby separating CO 2 from the fluid source, and wherein the second Lewis acid cation is a stronger Lewis acid than the first Lewis acid cation.

21 . The electrochemical cell of claim 20 , wherein, upon charge of the electrochemical cell, the negative electrode is configured to plate or intercalate the first Lewis acid cation.

22 . The electrochemical cell of claim 20 , wherein the positive electrode comprises ZnLiV 3 O 8 , ZnNi x Mn x Co 2-2x O 4 , ZnAl x Mn x Co 2-2x O 4 , V 2 O 5 , Ca 0.28 V 2 O 5 ·H 2 O, FeV 3 O 9 ·1.2H 2 O, Ag 0.33 V 2 O 5 , NaV 3 O 8 , Mg 0.3 V 2 O 5 ·1.1H 2 O, and/or α-MoO 3 .

23 . The electrochemical system of claim 20 , wherein the negative electrode comprises Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 or TiO 2 .

24 - 54 . (canceled)

Assignees

• Massachusetts Inst Technology

Inventors

• Gallant Betar
• Kuo Fang-Yu

Classifications

• C25B3/09

  Nitrogen containing compounds · CPC title

• C25B1/00 Primary

  Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals · CPC title

• C25B11/047

  Ceramics · CPC title

• C25B9/17

  Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof · CPC title

• C25B15/083 Primary

  Separating products · CPC title