Localized high concentration electrolyte and lithium-ion battery comprising the same

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2024322244-A1
Application number	US-202418608268-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Mar 18, 2024
Priority date	Mar 20, 2023
Publication date	Sep 26, 2024
Grant date	—

Abstract

An electrolyte includes (1) a lithium salt composition, (2) a solvent composition, and (3) a diluent composition. In some embodiments, the diluent composition includes at least one alkane compound. In some embodiments, the at least one alkane compound is selected from (1) non-fluorinated alkane compounds characterized by a first molecular formula C p H 2p+2 , in which p is a first integer between 5 and 20, and (2) fluorinated alkane compounds characterized by a second molecular formula C q H q1 F q2 , in which q is a second integer between 4 and 20, q 1 is a third positive integer, and q 2 is a fourth positive integer, q, q 1 , and q 2 being related by q 1 +q 2 =2q+2. A lithium-ion battery including such electrolyte is also disclosed.

First claim

1 . An electrolyte, comprising:
a lithium salt composition; a solvent composition; and a diluent composition, wherein: the diluent composition comprises at least one alkane compound selected from (1) non-fluorinated alkane compounds characterized by a first molecular formula C p H 2p+2 , in which p is a first integer between 5 and 20, and (2) fluorinated alkane compounds characterized by a second molecular formula C q H q1 F q2 , in which q is a second integer between 4 and 20, q 1 is a third positive integer, and q 2 is a fourth positive integer, q, q 1 , and q 2 being related by q 1 +q 2 =2q+2.

2 . The electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein:
the at least one alkane compound comprises two or more of the non-fluorinated alkane compounds and/or the fluorinated alkane compounds.

3 . The electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein:
the at least one alkane compound is selected from heptanes (C 7 H 16 ), octanes (C 8 H 18 ), nonanes (C 9 H 20 ), fluoroheptanes (C 7 H 15 F), difluorooctanes (C 8 H 16 F 2 ), and fluorononanes (C 9 H 19 F).

4 . The electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein:
a mole fraction of the lithium salt composition in the electrolyte is in a range of about 10 mol. % to about 20 mol. %.

5 . The electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein:
the lithium salt composition comprises a salt compound selected from lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI), LiPF 6 , lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI), lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate (LiOTf, LiOSO 2 CF 3 ), LiSO 3 F (LSF), LiClO 4 , LiAsF 6 , LiBF 4 , lithium difluoro(oxalato)borate (LiDFOB), lithium difluoro(bisoxalato)phosphate (LiDFBOP), lithium tetrafluoro(oxalato)phosphate (LiTFOP), lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate (LiOTf), LiSO 3 F (LSF), Li 3 PS 4 , Li 6 PS 5 Cl, lithium tris(fluorosulfonyl)methide (LTFSM), lithium bis(oxalate)borate (LiBOB), lithium tetracyanoborate (LiBison), lithium dicyano-trifluoromethyl-imidazole (LiTDI), lithium dicyano-pentafluoroethyl-imidazole (LiDPI), lithium bis(fluoromalanoto)borate (LiBFMB), lithium dicyanotriazolate (LiDCTA), lithium tris(pentafluoroethyl)trifluorophosphate (LiFAP), lithium phosphate (Li 3 PO 4 ), lithium fluorophosphate (FLi 2 O 3 P), lithium difluorophosphate (LiPO 2 F 2 or LFO), LiClO 4 , Li 2 SO 4 , LiNO 3 , lithium hexafluorosilicate (Li 2 SiF 6 ), lithium hexafluoroaluminate (Li 3 AlF 6 ), lithium iodide (LiI), LiAsF 6 , lithium cyclo-difluoromethane-1,1-bis(sulfonyl)imide (Li DMSI), and lithium cyclo-hexafluoropropane-1,1-bis(sulfonyl)imide (Li HPSI).

6 . The electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein the lithium salt composition comprises two or more salt compounds.

7 . The electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte comprises at least one non-Li salt compound.

8 . The electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein:
the solvent composition comprises vinylene carbonate (VC), a mole fraction of the VC in the electrolyte being in a range of about 0.05 to about 2.00 mol. %.

9 . The electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein:
the solvent composition comprises fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC), a mole fraction of the FEC in the electrolyte being in a range of about 0.1 to about 20 mol. %.

10 . The electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein:
the solvent composition comprises a linear ester, a cyclic ester, and/or a branched ester.

11 . The electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein:
the solvent composition comprises a ketone selected from: methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), diethyl ketone (DEK), methyl isopropyl ketone (MiPK), ethyl isopropyl ketone (EiPK), diisopropyl ketone, pinacolone (MtBK), diisobutyl ketone (DiBK), methyl sec-butyl ketone (MsBK), and hexamethylacetone (HMA).

12 . The electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein:
the solvent composition comprises an ether selected from: diethyl ether, 2-methoxy-2-methylpropane, dipropyl ether, diisopropyl ether, butyl ethyl ether, ethyl tert-butyl ether, 1-propoxybutane, ethyl pentyl ether, butyl isopropyl ether, sec-butyl isopropyl ether, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether (DME), and diethoxyethane.

13 . The electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein:
the solvent composition comprises a nitrile selected from acetonitrile (ACN), trimethylacetonitrile (TMAN), 2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane-4-carbonitrile (ECCN), cyclopropylacetonitrile (CPAN), ethylene glycol bis(propionitrile)ether (EGBE), fumaronitrile (FM), succinonitrile, glutaronitrile, adiponitrile (ADN), and 1,3,6-hexanetricarbonitrile (HTCN).

14 . The electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein:
the solvent composition comprises an amide selected from dimethylacetamide (DMAc), hexamethylphosphoramide (HMPA), N,N-dimethyl trifluoromethanesulfonamide (DMTMSA), N,N-diethyl trifluoromethanesulfonamide, N,N-dimethyl fluorosulfonamide, and carbamides.

15 . The electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein:
the solvent composition comprises a nitroalkane selected from nitromethane (NM), nitroethane (NE), trinitromethane, tetranitromethane, 2-nitropropane (2NP), 1-nitropropane (1-NP), dinitromethane, hexanitroethane (HNE), and heptanitrocubane (HNC).

16 . The electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein:
the solvent composition comprises a phosphate selected from trimethyl phosphate (TMP), triethyl phosphate (TEP), tripropyl phosphate (TPrP), triisopropyl phosphate (TIP), triphenyl phosphate (TPP), triallyl phosphate (TAP), tris(2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropyl) phosphate (5F-TPrP), tris(1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropan-2-yl) phosphate (HFiP), and diisopropyl fluorophosphate.

17 . The electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein:
the solvent composition comprises a phosphite selected from tris(trimethylsilyl)phosphite (TMSPi), tris(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) phosphite (TTFPi), triphenyl phosphite (TPPi), tris(1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropan-2-yl) phosphite (THFPP), and tris(trimethylsilyl) phosphite.

18 . The electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein:
the solvent composition comprises a sulfite selected from dimethyl sulfite (DMS), trimethylene sulfite, and ethylene sulfite (ESi).

19 . The electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein:
the solvent composition comprises a sulfone selected from ethyl methyl sulfone, ethyl isopropyl sulfone, dimethyl sulfone, ethylmethyl sulfone, ethyl 3-(methylsulfonyl)propanoate, 2-(ethylsulfonyl)aniline, 6-(ethylsulfonyl)-1,3-benzoxazole-2-thiol, ethyl isopropyl sulfone, 4-ethylsulfonylbenzaldehyde, 2-(ethylsulfonyl)ethanamine, 1-(ethanesulfonyl)-4-nitrobenzene, 5-(1-azepanyl)-2-(ethylsulfonyl)aniline, N-(2-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)acetamide, 3-amino-2,3-dihydrobenzo[b]thiophene 1,1-dioxide, 2-amino-4-(methylsulfonyl)phenol, 2-(isobutyl sulfonyl)ethanamine, ethyl 2-(phenylsulfonyl)acetate, 1-amino-2-(isopropylsulfonyl)benzene, N-methyl-4-(methylsulfonyl)aniline, 2-methoxy-6-(methylsulfonyl)aniline, [4-(methylsulfonyl)methyl)phenyl]methanamine, 2-(methylsulfonyl)cyclopentan-1-one, 2-bromoethyl methyl sulfone, bis(vinylsulfonyl)methane), sulfolane, and phenyl vinyl sulfone.

20 . The electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein:
the solvent composition comprises a sulfonamide selected from 2-methyl-5-(methylsulfonyl)benzenesulfonamide, N,N-dimethyl trifluoromethanesulfonamide (DMTMSA), and N,N-dimethyl fluorosulfonamide.

21 . The electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein:
the solvent composition comprises a boron (B)-comprising compound selected from pyridine-boron trifluoride (PBF), 3-fluoro pyridine-boron trifluoride (3F-PBF), pyrazine-boron trifluoride, and borate esters.

22 . The electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein:
the solvent composition comprises a silicon (Si)-comprising compound selected from siloxanes and silanes.

23 . The electrolyte of claim 1 , whe

Assignees

• Sila Nanotechnologies Inc

Inventors

• Nitta Naoki
• Yushin Gleb Nikolayevich
• Rodríguez Pérez Ismael
• Gent William Elliott

Classifications

• H01M2300/0037

  Mixture of solvents · CPC title

• H01M2300/0034

  Fluorinated solvents · CPC title

• H01M10/0569

  characterised by the solvents · CPC title

• H01M4/661

  Metal or alloys, e.g. alloy coatings (H01M4/669 take precedence) · CPC title

• H01M4/134

  Electrodes based on metals, Si or alloys · CPC title