Anode electrode composition of li-ion battery cell

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2024154092-A1
Application number	US-202318510044-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Nov 15, 2023
Priority date	Oct 19, 2017
Publication date	May 9, 2024
Grant date	—

Abstract

In an embodiment, a Li-ion battery cell comprises an anode electrode with an electrode coating that (1) comprises Si-comprising active material particles, (2) exhibits an areal capacity loading in the range of about 3 mAh/cm 2 to about 12 mAh/cm 2 , (3) exhibits a volumetric capacity in the range from about 600 mAh/cc to about 1800 mAh/cc in a charged state of the cell, (4) comprises conductive additive material particles, and (5) comprises a polymer binder that is configured to bind the Si-comprising active material particles and the conductive additive material particles together to stabilize the anode electrode against volume expansion during the one or more charge-discharge cycles of the battery cell while maintaining the electrical connection between the metal current collector and the Si-comprising active material particles.

First claim

1 . (canceled)

2 . A Li-ion battery cell, comprising:
(i) a cathode electrode, comprising: intercalation-type cathode active material particles, cathode conductive additive particles, a cathode polymer binder, and a cathode current collector; (ii) an anode electrode, comprising: silicon (Si)-carbon (C) nanocomposite anode active material particles, anode conductive additive particles, an anode polymer binder, and an anode current collector, wherein the Si—C nanocomposite anode active material particles: (a) exhibit an average particle size in a range from about 0.2 microns to about 20 microns, (b) exhibit a volume expansion in a range of about 8 vol. % to about 180 vol. % during one or more charge-discharge cycles of the Li-ion battery cell, (c) exhibit specific capacity in a range from about 500 mAh/g to about 3000 mAh/g, and (d) exhibit Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) specific surface area in a range from about 0.1 m 2 /g to about 100 m 2 /g, wherein the anode electrode: (e) exhibits an areal capacity loading in a range of about 3 mAh/cm 2 to about 12 mAh/cm 2 , (f) exhibits a volumetric capacity in a range from about 600 mAh/cm 3 to 1400 mAh/cm 3 in a charged state of the Li-ion battery cell, (g) comprises a polymer binder that is configured to bind the Si—C nanocomposite anode active material particles and the anode conductive additive particles together; (iii) a separator interposed between the anode and the cathode; and (iv) an electrolyte impregnating the separator.

3 . The Li-ion battery cell of claim 2 , wherein the electrolyte comprises one or more carbonate solvents, a LiPF 6 salt, and at least one additional salt dissolved in the one or more carbonate solvents.

4 . The Li-ion battery cell of claim 2 , wherein the anode conductive additive particles comprise one-dimensional (1D) particles, selected from: carbon-comprising nanotubes, carbon-comprising nanofibers, carbon-coated metal oxide nanofibers, carbide-comprising nanofibers, and conductive polymer-comprising nanofibers.

5 . The Li-ion battery cell of claim 2 , wherein the anode conductive additive particles comprise two-dimensional (2D) particles, selected from: (i) metal-comprising nanoflakes, (ii) metal carbide-comprising nanoflakes, (iii) graphene, and (iv) graphite-comprising flakes or graphite-comprising ribbons.

6 . The Li-ion battery cell of claim 2 , wherein the anode conductive additive particles comprise two or more different conductive particle types.

7 . The Li-ion battery cell of claim 6 , wherein the two or more different conductive particle types comprise one or more of the following carbon-comprising particle types: (i) single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs); (ii) double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs), (iii) a multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs); (iv) a carbon-comprising fiber; (v) a carbon-coated ceramic fiber; (vi) carbon black; (vii) a graphite ribbon; and (viii) one or more flakes or one or more nanoflakes comprising graphite, carbide, nitride or carbonitride.

8 . The Li-ion battery cell of claim 6 , wherein at least one conductive particle type of the two or more different conductive particle types exhibits an average length of about 3 to about 100 times larger than an average length of at least one other conductive particle type of the two or more different conductive particle types.

9 . The Li-ion battery cell of claim 6 , wherein at least one conductive particle type of the two or more different conductive additive particle types exhibits a different surface chemistry or a different surface charge than at least one other conductive particle type of the two or more different conductive additive particle types.

10 . The Li-ion battery cell of claim 6 , wherein at least one conductive particle type exhibits a higher affinity to the Si—C nanocomposite anode active material particles than at least one other conductive particle type of the two or more different conductive additive particle types.

11 . The Li-ion battery cell of claim 2 , wherein an overall volume fraction of all of the anode conductive additive particles in the anode electrode is less than about 5 vol. %.

12 . Li-ion battery cell of claim 11 , wherein the overall volume fraction of all of the anode conductive additive particles in the anode electrode is less than about 2 vol. %.

13 . Li-ion battery cell of claim 2 , wherein an overall mass fraction of all of the anode conductive additive particles in the anode electrode is less than about 7 wt. %.

14 . The Li-ion battery cell of claim 13 , wherein the overall mass fraction of all of the anode conductive additive particles in the anode electrode is less than about 3 wt. %.

15 . The Li-ion battery cell of claim 2 , wherein the anode polymer binder comprises a copolymer.

16 . The Li-ion battery cell of claim 2 , wherein the anode polymer binder exhibits a maximum elongation in excess of about 10%.

17 . The Li-ion battery cell of claim 2 , wherein an elastic modulus of the anode polymer binder is reduced by less than about 5 times in the electrolyte.

18 . The Li-ion battery cell of claim 17 , wherein the elastic modulus of the anode polymer binder is reduced by less than about 2 times in the electrolyte.

19 . The Li-ion battery cell of claim 18 , wherein the elastic modulus of the anode polymer binder is reduced by less than about 20% in the electrolyte.

20 . The Li-ion battery cell of claim 2 , wherein the anode polymer binder comprises at least one of the following components: (i) vinyl acrylic or butyl acrylic or methyl acrylic or propyl acrylic, (ii) vinyl acetate-acrylic or butyl acetate-acrylic or methyl acetate-acrylic or propyl acetate-acrylic, (iii) vinyl acrylate or butyl acrylate or methyl acrylate or propyl acrylate, (iv) styrene-acrylic, (v) alginic acid or a metal salt of alginic acid, (vi) acrylic acid or a metal salt of acrylic acid, (vii) carboxylic acid or a metal salt of carboxylic acid, (viii) sterene, (ix) acrylamide, or (x) any combination thereof.

21 . The Li-ion battery cell of claim 2 , wherein the anode polymer binder is a water-soluble copolymer, which comprises a poly(acrylamide) and at least one of the following components: (i) acrylic acid, (ii) Na salt of acrylic acid, (iii) K salt of acrylic acid, (iv) Li salt of acrylic acid, (v) alginic acid, (vi) Na salt of alginic acid, (vii) K salt of alginic acid, (viii) Li salt of alginic acid, (ix) carboxylic acid, (x) Na salt of carboxylic acid, (xi) K salt of carboxylic acid, (xii) Li salt of carboxylic acid, or (xiii) any combination thereof.

22 . The Li-ion battery cell of claim 21 , wherein the anode polymer binder comprises the (i) acrylic acid, or the (ii) Na salt of acrylic acid, or the (iii) K salt of acrylic acid.

23 . The Li-ion battery cell of claim 2 , wherein the anode polymer binder comprises polymer nanofibers.

24 . The Li-ion battery cell of claim 23 , wherein the polymer nanofibers comprise a fluoropolymer.

25 . The Li-ion battery cell of claim 24 , wherein the fluoropolymer comprises one or more of the following: (i) polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyperfluoroprophylene, polyperfluoroalkene, a copolymer comprising the polyperfluoroalkene, or a combination thereof, (ii) perfluoroalkoxy, (iii) fluorinated ethylene propylene, (iv) an amorphous fluoroplastic (AF) polymer, or (v) any combination thereof.

26 . The Li-ion battery cell of claim 24 , wherein the fluoropolymer comprises on

Assignees

• Sila Nanotechnologies Inc

Inventors

• Yushin Gleb
• Gerber Laura
• Kajdos Adam
• Yen Justin
• Doane Justin
• Steiger Jens

Classifications

• H01M2004/021

  Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area · CPC title

• H01M4/662

  Alloys (collectors of lead alloys H01M4/685) · CPC title

• H01M4/623

  fluorinated polymers · CPC title

• H01M4/131

  Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx · CPC title

• H01M4/134 Primary

  Electrodes based on metals, Si or alloys · CPC title